• Home
  • Shop
  • Contact Us
  • About Us
Search
0 Compare
0 items ₹0
Menu
0 items ₹0

Uncategorized

Home » Archive by Category "Uncategorized" (Page 526)
30 Aug
Uncategorized

Official Spielsaal Teutonia

  • August 30, 2026
  • By author-avatar GenieShoppy
Nachfolgende Tendenz und Zuweisung bei Angeschlossen-Casinos wird durch den Fortschritt der Internettechnologie ferner d...

Continue reading

30 Aug
Uncategorized

Best Free Spins No deposit Incentives Also provides in the uk 2026

  • August 30, 2026
  • By author-avatar GenieShoppy
ContentHow do No deposit Also provides WorksFree £5 No-deposit Cellular Local casinoPayPal Casinos British: Better ...

Continue reading

30 Aug
Uncategorized

Wunderino Freispiele 2026 Aktueller Wunderino Spielbank Code

  • August 30, 2026
  • By author-avatar GenieShoppy
So lange respons dir auf keinen fall unter allen umständen bist, inwiefern ein Wunderino Maklercourtage für jedes dich i...

Continue reading

30 Aug
Uncategorized

Free 888 bingo Revolves No deposit German

  • August 30, 2026
  • By author-avatar GenieShoppy
Posts888 bingo - No-deposit totally free spins and you may deposit spinsPros and cons of On-line casino Totally free Rev...

Continue reading

30 Aug
Uncategorized

Vergehen Die leser sich mit dem Hilfestellung-Focus inside Bundnis und werten Die leser unser Reaktionszeit und ebendiese Opferbereitschaft

  • August 30, 2026
  • By author-avatar GenieShoppy
Selbige beliebtesten Glucksspiele aufstobern wir im Top Gangbar Spielbank heiter Nutzlichkeit Welche unsrige Bewertunge...

Continue reading

30 Aug
Uncategorized

Wettsons Glücksrad Erfolgsgeheimnisse

  • August 30, 2026
  • By author-avatar GenieShoppy

Auto-generated excerpt

Continue reading

30 Aug
Uncategorized

Best All of us Gambling Internet sites & Sportsbooks Inside the July 2024

  • August 30, 2026
  • By author-avatar GenieShoppy
BlogsGreatest Usa Sportsbooks FaqKentucky Legal Sports bettingWhat things to Look out for in A gambling Website£50 Activ...

Continue reading

30 Aug
Uncategorized

Discovering the right On-line casino the real deal Money: Newbies Guide Updated 2026

  • August 30, 2026
  • By author-avatar GenieShoppy
ArticlesSupport service Responsiveness: Real time Speak, Current email address, Cell phoneFinancial ChoicesAll of our Be...

Continue reading

30 Aug
Uncategorized

Bekannterma?en selbst europid, wirklich so folgende seriose Urteil richtig unser Kriterien erledigen bedingung

  • August 30, 2026
  • By author-avatar GenieShoppy
Unsereiner im griff haben bisserl ab a single� Einzahlung 400 Freispiele powern, ihre Gewinne geradlinig ausgezahlt werd...

Continue reading

30 Aug
Uncategorized

Wunderino Probe 2026: Provision + 100 Cash-Freispiele

  • August 30, 2026
  • By author-avatar GenieShoppy
ContentWunderino Prämie Cashback – Viel mehr fluorür euer PiepenDies mobile Wunderino Spielsaal inoffizielle...

Continue reading

  • «
  • ‹
  • 524
  • 525
  • 526
  • 527
  • 528
  • ›
  • »
` tags are not affected. Default true. * @return string Text which has been converted into correct paragraph tags. */ function wpautop( $text, $br = true ) { $pre_tags = array(); if ( '' === trim( $text ) ) { return ''; } // Just to make things a little easier, pad the end. $text = $text . "\n"; /* * Pre tags shouldn't be touched by autop. * Replace pre tags with placeholders and bring them back after autop. */ if ( str_contains( $text, '', $text ); $last_part = array_pop( $text_parts ); $text = ''; $i = 0; foreach ( $text_parts as $text_part ) { $start = strpos( $text_part, ''; $text .= substr( $text_part, 0, $start ) . $name; ++$i; } $text .= $last_part; } // Change multiple
's into two line breaks, which will turn into paragraphs. $text = preg_replace( '|\s*|', "\n\n", $text ); $allblocks = '(?:table|thead|tfoot|caption|col|colgroup|tbody|tr|td|th|div|dl|dd|dt|ul|ol|li|pre|form|map|area|blockquote|address|style|p|h[1-6]|hr|fieldset|legend|section|article|aside|hgroup|header|footer|nav|figure|figcaption|details|menu|summary)'; // Add a double line break above block-level opening tags. $text = preg_replace( '!(<' . $allblocks . '[\s/>])!', "\n\n$1", $text ); // Add a double line break below block-level closing tags. $text = preg_replace( '!()!', "$1\n\n", $text ); // Add a double line break after hr tags, which are self closing. $text = preg_replace( '!()!', "$1\n\n", $text ); // Standardize newline characters to "\n". $text = str_replace( array( "\r\n", "\r" ), "\n", $text ); // Find newlines in all elements and add placeholders. $text = wp_replace_in_html_tags( $text, array( "\n" => ' ' ) ); // Collapse line breaks before and after ', $text ); } /* * Collapse line breaks inside elements, before and elements * so they don't get autop'd. */ if ( str_contains( $text, '' ) ) { $text = preg_replace( '|(]*>)\s*|', '$1', $text ); $text = preg_replace( '|\s*|', '', $text ); $text = preg_replace( '%\s*(]*>)\s*%', '$1', $text ); } /* * Collapse line breaks inside and elements, * before and after and elements. */ if ( str_contains( $text, '\]]*[>\]])\s*%', '$1', $text ); $text = preg_replace( '%\s*([<\[]/(?:audio|video)[>\]])%', '$1', $text ); $text = preg_replace( '%\s*(<(?:source|track)[^>]*>)\s*%', '$1', $text ); } // Collapse line breaks before and after
elements. if ( str_contains( $text, ']*>)|', '$1', $text ); $text = preg_replace( '|
\s*|', '', $text ); } // Remove more than two contiguous line breaks. $text = preg_replace( "/\n\n+/", "\n\n", $text ); // Split up the contents into an array of strings, separated by double line breaks. $paragraphs = preg_split( '/\n\s*\n/', $text, -1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY ); // Reset $text prior to rebuilding. $text = ''; // Rebuild the content as a string, wrapping every bit with a

. foreach ( $paragraphs as $paragraph ) { $text .= '

' . trim( $paragraph, "\n" ) . "

\n"; } // Under certain strange conditions it could create a P of entirely whitespace. $text = preg_replace( '|

\s*

|', '', $text ); // Add a closing

inside

,
, or
tag if missing. $text = preg_replace( '!

([^<]+)!', '

$1

', $text ); // If an opening or closing block element tag is wrapped in a

, unwrap it. $text = preg_replace( '!

\s*(]*>)\s*

!', '$1', $text ); // In some cases
  • may get wrapped in

    , fix them. $text = preg_replace( '|

    (|', '$1', $text ); // If a

    is wrapped with a

    , move it inside the

    . $text = preg_replace( '|

    ]*)>|i', '

    ', $text ); $text = str_replace( '

    ', '

    ', $text ); // If an opening or closing block element tag is preceded by an opening

    tag, remove it. $text = preg_replace( '!

    \s*(]*>)!', '$1', $text ); // If an opening or closing block element tag is followed by a closing

    tag, remove it. $text = preg_replace( '!(]*>)\s*

    !', '$1', $text ); // Optionally insert line breaks. if ( $br ) { // Replace newlines that shouldn't be touched with a placeholder. $text = preg_replace_callback( '/<(script|style|svg|math).*?<\/\\1>/s', '_autop_newline_preservation_helper', $text ); // Normalize
    . $text = str_replace( array( '
    ', '
    ' ), '
    ', $text ); // Replace any new line characters that aren't preceded by a
    with a
    . $text = preg_replace( '|(?)\s*\n|', "
    \n", $text ); // Replace newline placeholders with newlines. $text = str_replace( '', "\n", $text ); } // If a
    tag is after an opening or closing block tag, remove it. $text = preg_replace( '!(]*>)\s*
    !', '$1', $text ); // If a
    tag is before a subset of opening or closing block tags, remove it. $text = preg_replace( '!
    (\s*]*>)!', '$1', $text ); $text = preg_replace( "|\n

    $|", '

    ', $text ); // Replace placeholder 
     tags with their original content.
	if ( ! empty( $pre_tags ) ) {
		$text = str_replace( array_keys( $pre_tags ), array_values( $pre_tags ), $text );
	}

	// Restore newlines in all elements.
	if ( str_contains( $text, '' ) ) {
		$text = str_replace( array( '  ', '' ), "\n", $text );
	}

	return $text;
}

/**
 * Separates HTML elements and comments from the text.
 *
 * @since 4.2.4
 *
 * @param string $input The text which has to be formatted.
 * @return string[] Array of the formatted text.
 */
function wp_html_split( $input ) {
	return preg_split( get_html_split_regex(), $input, -1, PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE );
}

/**
 * Retrieves the regular expression for an HTML element.
 *
 * @since 4.4.0
 *
 * @return string The regular expression.
 */
function get_html_split_regex() {
	static $regex;

	if ( ! isset( $regex ) ) {
		// phpcs:disable Squiz.Strings.ConcatenationSpacing.PaddingFound -- don't remove regex indentation
		$comments =
			'!'             // Start of comment, after the <.
			. '(?:'         // Unroll the loop: Consume everything until --> is found.
			.     '-(?!->)' // Dash not followed by end of comment.
			.     '[^\-]*+' // Consume non-dashes.
			. ')*+'         // Loop possessively.
			. '(?:-->)?';   // End of comment. If not found, match all input.

		$cdata =
			'!\[CDATA\['    // Start of comment, after the <.
			. '[^\]]*+'     // Consume non-].
			. '(?:'         // Unroll the loop: Consume everything until ]]> is found.
			.     '](?!]>)' // One ] not followed by end of comment.
			.     '[^\]]*+' // Consume non-].
			. ')*+'         // Loop possessively.
			. '(?:]]>)?';   // End of comment. If not found, match all input.

		$escaped =
			'(?='             // Is the element escaped?
			.    '!--'
			. '|'
			.    '!\[CDATA\['
			. ')'
			. '(?(?=!-)'      // If yes, which type?
			.     $comments
			. '|'
			.     $cdata
			. ')';

		$regex =
			'/('                // Capture the entire match.
			.     '<'           // Find start of element.
			.     '(?'          // Conditional expression follows.
			.         $escaped  // Find end of escaped element.
			.     '|'           // ...else...
			.         '[^>]*>?' // Find end of normal element.
			.     ')'
			. ')/';
		// phpcs:enable
	}

	return $regex;
}

/**
 * Retrieves the combined regular expression for HTML and shortcodes.
 *
 * @access private
 * @ignore
 * @internal This function will be removed in 4.5.0 per Shortcode API Roadmap.
 * @since 4.4.0
 *
 * @param string $shortcode_regex Optional. The result from _get_wptexturize_shortcode_regex().
 * @return string The regular expression.
 */
function _get_wptexturize_split_regex( $shortcode_regex = '' ) {
	static $html_regex;

	if ( ! isset( $html_regex ) ) {
		// phpcs:disable Squiz.Strings.ConcatenationSpacing.PaddingFound -- don't remove regex indentation
		$comment_regex =
			'!'             // Start of comment, after the <.
			. '(?:'         // Unroll the loop: Consume everything until --> is found.
			.     '-(?!->)' // Dash not followed by end of comment.
			.     '[^\-]*+' // Consume non-dashes.
			. ')*+'         // Loop possessively.
			. '(?:-->)?';   // End of comment. If not found, match all input.

		$html_regex = // Needs replaced with wp_html_split() per Shortcode API Roadmap.
			'<'                  // Find start of element.
			. '(?(?=!--)'        // Is this a comment?
			.     $comment_regex // Find end of comment.
			. '|'
			.     '[^>]*>?'      // Find end of element. If not found, match all input.
			. ')';
		// phpcs:enable
	}

	if ( empty( $shortcode_regex ) ) {
		$regex = '/(' . $html_regex . ')/';
	} else {
		$regex = '/(' . $html_regex . '|' . $shortcode_regex . ')/';
	}

	return $regex;
}

/**
 * Retrieves the regular expression for shortcodes.
 *
 * @access private
 * @ignore
 * @since 4.4.0
 *
 * @param string[] $tagnames Array of shortcodes to find.
 * @return string The regular expression.
 */
function _get_wptexturize_shortcode_regex( $tagnames ) {
	$tagregexp = implode( '|', array_map( 'preg_quote', $tagnames ) );
	$tagregexp = "(?:$tagregexp)(?=[\\s\\]\\/])"; // Excerpt of get_shortcode_regex().
	// phpcs:disable Squiz.Strings.ConcatenationSpacing.PaddingFound -- don't remove regex indentation
	$regex =
		'\['                // Find start of shortcode.
		. '[\/\[]?'         // Shortcodes may begin with [/ or [[.
		. $tagregexp        // Only match registered shortcodes, because performance.
		. '(?:'
		.     '[^\[\]<>]+'  // Shortcodes do not contain other shortcodes. Quantifier critical.
		. '|'
		.     '<[^\[\]>]*>' // HTML elements permitted. Prevents matching ] before >.
		. ')*+'             // Possessive critical.
		. '\]'              // Find end of shortcode.
		. '\]?';            // Shortcodes may end with ]].
	// phpcs:enable

	return $regex;
}

/**
 * Replaces characters or phrases within HTML elements only.
 *
 * @since 4.2.3
 *
 * @param string $haystack      The text which has to be formatted.
 * @param array  $replace_pairs In the form array('from' => 'to', ...).
 * @return string The formatted text.
 */
function wp_replace_in_html_tags( $haystack, $replace_pairs ) {
	// Find all elements.
	$textarr = wp_html_split( $haystack );
	$changed = false;

	// Optimize when searching for one item.
	if ( 1 === count( $replace_pairs ) ) {
		// Extract $needle and $replace.
		$needle  = array_key_first( $replace_pairs );
		$replace = $replace_pairs[ $needle ];

		// Loop through delimiters (elements) only.
		for ( $i = 1, $c = count( $textarr ); $i < $c; $i += 2 ) {
			if ( str_contains( $textarr[ $i ], $needle ) ) {
				$textarr[ $i ] = str_replace( $needle, $replace, $textarr[ $i ] );
				$changed       = true;
			}
		}
	} else {
		// Extract all $needles.
		$needles = array_keys( $replace_pairs );

		// Loop through delimiters (elements) only.
		for ( $i = 1, $c = count( $textarr ); $i < $c; $i += 2 ) {
			foreach ( $needles as $needle ) {
				if ( str_contains( $textarr[ $i ], $needle ) ) {
					$textarr[ $i ] = strtr( $textarr[ $i ], $replace_pairs );
					$changed       = true;
					// After one strtr() break out of the foreach loop and look at next element.
					break;
				}
			}
		}
	}

	if ( $changed ) {
		$haystack = implode( $textarr );
	}

	return $haystack;
}

/**
 * Newline preservation help function for wpautop().
 *
 * @since 3.1.0
 * @access private
 *
 * @param array $matches preg_replace_callback matches array
 * @return string Text with newlines replaced with placeholders.
 */
function _autop_newline_preservation_helper( $matches ) {
	return str_replace( "\n", '', $matches[0] );
}

/**
 * Don't auto-p wrap shortcodes that stand alone.
 *
 * Ensures that shortcodes are not wrapped in `
    ...
    `.
 *
 * @since 2.9.0
 *
 * @global array $shortcode_tags
 *
 * @param string $text The content.
 * @return string The filtered content.
 */
function shortcode_unautop( $text ) {
	global $shortcode_tags;

	if ( empty( $shortcode_tags ) || ! is_array( $shortcode_tags ) ) {
		return $text;
	}

	$tagregexp = implode( '|', array_map( 'preg_quote', array_keys( $shortcode_tags ) ) );
	$spaces    = wp_spaces_regexp();

	// phpcs:disable Squiz.Strings.ConcatenationSpacing.PaddingFound,Universal.WhiteSpace.PrecisionAlignment.Found -- don't remove regex indentation
	$pattern =
		'/'
		. '
    '                              // Opening paragraph.
		. '(?:' . $spaces . ')*+'            // Optional leading whitespace.
		. '('                                // 1: The shortcode.
		.     '\\['                          // Opening bracket.
		.     "($tagregexp)"                 // 2: Shortcode name.
		.     '(?![\\w-])'                   // Not followed by word character or hyphen.
											 // Unroll the loop: Inside the opening shortcode tag.
		.     '[^\\]\\/]*'                   // Not a closing bracket or forward slash.
		.     '(?:'
		.         '\\/(?!\\])'               // A forward slash not followed by a closing bracket.
		.         '[^\\]\\/]*'               // Not a closing bracket or forward slash.
		.     ')*?'
		.     '(?:'
		.         '\\/\\]'                   // Self closing tag and closing bracket.
		.     '|'
		.         '\\]'                      // Closing bracket.
		.         '(?:'                      // Unroll the loop: Optionally, anything between the opening and closing shortcode tags.
		.             '[^\\[]*+'             // Not an opening bracket.
		.             '(?:'
		.                 '\\[(?!\\/\\2\\])' // An opening bracket not followed by the closing shortcode tag.
		.                 '[^\\[]*+'         // Not an opening bracket.
		.             ')*+'
		.             '\\[\\/\\2\\]'         // Closing shortcode tag.
		.         ')?'
		.     ')'
		. ')'
		. '(?:' . $spaces . ')*+'            // Optional trailing whitespace.
		. '<\\/p>'                           // Closing paragraph.
		. '/';
	// phpcs:enable

	return preg_replace( $pattern, '$1', $text );
}

/**
 * Checks to see if a string is utf8 encoded.
 *
 * NOTE: This function checks for 5-Byte sequences, UTF8
 *       has Bytes Sequences with a maximum length of 4.
 *
 * @author bmorel at ssi dot fr (modified)
 * @since 1.2.1
 * @deprecated 6.9.0 Use {@see wp_is_valid_utf8()} instead.
 *
 * @param string $str The string to be checked.
 * @return bool True if $str fits a UTF-8 model, false otherwise.
 */
function seems_utf8( $str ) {
	_deprecated_function( __FUNCTION__, '6.9.0', 'wp_is_valid_utf8()' );

	mbstring_binary_safe_encoding();
	$length = strlen( $str );
	reset_mbstring_encoding();

	for ( $i = 0; $i < $length; $i++ ) {
		$c = ord( $str[ $i ] );

		if ( $c < 0x80 ) {
			$n = 0; // 0bbbbbbb
		} elseif ( ( $c & 0xE0 ) === 0xC0 ) {
			$n = 1; // 110bbbbb
		} elseif ( ( $c & 0xF0 ) === 0xE0 ) {
			$n = 2; // 1110bbbb
		} elseif ( ( $c & 0xF8 ) === 0xF0 ) {
			$n = 3; // 11110bbb
		} elseif ( ( $c & 0xFC ) === 0xF8 ) {
			$n = 4; // 111110bb
		} elseif ( ( $c & 0xFE ) === 0xFC ) {
			$n = 5; // 1111110b
		} else {
			return false; // Does not match any model.
		}

		for ( $j = 0; $j < $n; $j++ ) { // n bytes matching 10bbbbbb follow?
			if ( ( ++$i === $length ) || ( ( ord( $str[ $i ] ) & 0xC0 ) !== 0x80 ) ) {
				return false;
			}
		}
	}

	return true;
}

/**
 * Converts a number of special characters into their HTML entities.
 *
 * Specifically deals with: `&`, `<`, `>`, `"`, and `'`.
 *
 * `$quote_style` can be set to ENT_COMPAT to encode `"` to
 * `"`, or ENT_QUOTES to do both. Default is ENT_NOQUOTES where no quotes are encoded.
 *
 * @since 1.2.2
 * @since 5.5.0 `$quote_style` also accepts `ENT_XML1`.
 * @access private
 *
 * @param string       $text          The text which is to be encoded.
 * @param int|string   $quote_style   Optional. Converts double quotes if set to ENT_COMPAT,
 *                                    both single and double if set to ENT_QUOTES or none if set to ENT_NOQUOTES.
 *                                    Converts single and double quotes, as well as converting HTML
 *                                    named entities (that are not also XML named entities) to their
 *                                    code points if set to ENT_XML1. Also compatible with old values;
 *                                    converting single quotes if set to 'single',
 *                                    double if set to 'double' or both if otherwise set.
 *                                    Default is ENT_NOQUOTES.
 * @param false|string $charset       Optional. The character encoding of the string. Default false.
 * @param bool         $double_encode Optional. Whether to encode existing HTML entities. Default false.
 * @return string The encoded text with HTML entities.
 */
function _wp_specialchars( $text, $quote_style = ENT_NOQUOTES, $charset = false, $double_encode = false ) {
	$text = (string) $text;

	if ( 0 === strlen( $text ) ) {
		return '';
	}

	// Don't bother if there are no specialchars - saves some processing.
	if ( ! preg_match( '/[&<>"\']/', $text ) ) {
		return $text;
	}

	// Account for the previous behavior of the function when the $quote_style is not an accepted value.
	if ( empty( $quote_style ) ) {
		$quote_style = ENT_NOQUOTES;
	} elseif ( ENT_XML1 === $quote_style ) {
		$quote_style = ENT_QUOTES | ENT_XML1;
	} elseif ( ! in_array( $quote_style, array( ENT_NOQUOTES, ENT_COMPAT, ENT_QUOTES, 'single', 'double' ), true ) ) {
		$quote_style = ENT_QUOTES;
	}

	$charset = _canonical_charset( $charset ? $charset : get_option( 'blog_charset' ) );

	$_quote_style = $quote_style;

	if ( 'double' === $quote_style ) {
		$quote_style  = ENT_COMPAT;
		$_quote_style = ENT_COMPAT;
	} elseif ( 'single' === $quote_style ) {
		$quote_style = ENT_NOQUOTES;
	}

	if ( ! $double_encode ) {
		/*
		 * Guarantee every &entity; is valid, convert &garbage; into &garbage;
		 * This is required for PHP < 5.4.0 because ENT_HTML401 flag is unavailable.
		 */
		$text = wp_kses_normalize_entities( $text, ( $quote_style & ENT_XML1 ) ? 'xml' : 'html' );
	}

	$text = htmlspecialchars( $text, $quote_style, $charset, $double_encode );

	// Back-compat.
	if ( 'single' === $_quote_style ) {
		$text = str_replace( "'", ''', $text );
	}

	return $text;
}

/**
 * Converts a number of HTML entities into their special characters.
 *
 * Specifically deals with: `&`, `<`, `>`, `"`, and `'`.
 *
 * `$quote_style` can be set to ENT_COMPAT to decode `"` entities,
 * or ENT_QUOTES to do both `"` and `'`. Default is ENT_NOQUOTES where no quotes are decoded.
 *
 * @since 2.8.0
 *
 * @param string     $text        The text which is to be decoded.
 * @param string|int $quote_style Optional. Converts double quotes if set to ENT_COMPAT,
 *                                both single and double if set to ENT_QUOTES or
 *                                none if set to ENT_NOQUOTES.
 *                                Also compatible with old _wp_specialchars() values;
 *                                converting single quotes if set to 'single',
 *                                double if set to 'double' or both if otherwise set.
 *                                Default is ENT_NOQUOTES.
 * @return string The decoded text without HTML entities.
 */
function wp_specialchars_decode( $text, $quote_style = ENT_NOQUOTES ) {
	$text = (string) $text;

	if ( 0 === strlen( $text ) ) {
		return '';
	}

	// Don't bother if there are no entities - saves a lot of processing.
	if ( ! str_contains( $text, '&' ) ) {
		return $text;
	}

	// Match the previous behavior of _wp_specialchars() when the $quote_style is not an accepted value.
	if ( empty( $quote_style ) ) {
		$quote_style = ENT_NOQUOTES;
	} elseif ( ! in_array( $quote_style, array( 0, 2, 3, 'single', 'double' ), true ) ) {
		$quote_style = ENT_QUOTES;
	}

	// More complete than get_html_translation_table( HTML_SPECIALCHARS ).
	$single      = array(
		''' => '\'',
		''' => '\'',
	);
	$single_preg = array(
		'/�*39;/'   => ''',
		'/�*27;/i' => ''',
	);
	$double      = array(
		'"' => '"',
		'"' => '"',
		'"' => '"',
	);
	$double_preg = array(
		'/�*34;/'   => '"',
		'/�*22;/i' => '"',
	);
	$others      = array(
		'<'   => '<',
		'<' => '<',
		'>'   => '>',
		'>' => '>',
		'&'  => '&',
		'&' => '&',
		'&' => '&',
	);
	$others_preg = array(
		'/�*60;/'   => '<',
		'/�*62;/'   => '>',
		'/�*38;/'   => '&',
		'/�*26;/i' => '&',
	);

	if ( ENT_QUOTES === $quote_style ) {
		$translation      = array_merge( $single, $double, $others );
		$translation_preg = array_merge( $single_preg, $double_preg, $others_preg );
	} elseif ( ENT_COMPAT === $quote_style || 'double' === $quote_style ) {
		$translation      = array_merge( $double, $others );
		$translation_preg = array_merge( $double_preg, $others_preg );
	} elseif ( 'single' === $quote_style ) {
		$translation      = array_merge( $single, $others );
		$translation_preg = array_merge( $single_preg, $others_preg );
	} elseif ( ENT_NOQUOTES === $quote_style ) {
		$translation      = $others;
		$translation_preg = $others_preg;
	}

	// Remove zero padding on numeric entities.
	$text = preg_replace( array_keys( $translation_preg ), array_values( $translation_preg ), $text );

	// Replace characters according to translation table.
	return strtr( $text, $translation );
}

/**
 * Checks for invalid UTF8 in a string.
 *
 * Note! This function only performs its work if the `blog_charset` is set
 * to UTF-8. For all other values it returns the input text unchanged.
 *
 * Note! Unless requested, this returns an empty string if the input contains
 * any sequences of invalid UTF-8. To replace invalid byte sequences, pass
 * `true` as the optional `$strip` parameter.
 *
 * Consider using {@see wp_scrub_utf8()} instead which does not depend on
 * the value of `blog_charset`.
 *
 * Example:
 *
 *     // The `blog_charset` is `latin1`, so this returns the input unchanged.
 *     $every_possible_input === wp_check_invalid_utf8( $every_possible_input );
 *
 *     // Valid strings come through unchanged.
 *     'test' === wp_check_invalid_utf8( 'test' );
 *
 *     $invalid = "the byte \xC0 is never allowed in a UTF-8 string.";
 *
 *     // Invalid strings are rejected outright.
 *     '' === wp_check_invalid_utf8( $invalid );
 *
 *     // “Stripping” invalid sequences produces the replacement character instead.
 *     "the byte \u{FFFD} is never allowed in a UTF-8 string." === wp_check_invalid_utf8( $invalid, true );
 *     'the byte � is never allowed in a UTF-8 string.' === wp_check_invalid_utf8( $invalid, true );
 *
 * @since 2.8.0
 * @since 6.9.0 Stripping replaces invalid byte sequences with the Unicode replacement character U+FFFD (�).
 *
 * @param string $text   String which is expected to be encoded as UTF-8 unless `blog_charset` is another encoding.
 * @param bool   $strip  Optional. Whether to replace invalid sequences of bytes with the Unicode replacement
 *                       character (U+FFFD `�`). Default `false` returns an empty string for invalid UTF-8 inputs.
 * @return string The checked text.
 */
function wp_check_invalid_utf8( $text, $strip = false ) {
	$text = (string) $text;

	if ( 0 === strlen( $text ) ) {
		return '';
	}

	// Store the site charset as a static to avoid multiple calls to get_option().
	static $is_utf8 = null;
	if ( ! isset( $is_utf8 ) ) {
		$is_utf8 = is_utf8_charset();
	}

	if ( ! $is_utf8 || wp_is_valid_utf8( $text ) ) {
		return $text;
	}

	return $strip
		? wp_scrub_utf8( $text )
		: '';
}

/**
 * Encodes the Unicode values to be used in the URI.
 *
 * @since 1.5.0
 * @since 5.8.3 Added the `encode_ascii_characters` parameter.
 *
 * @param string $utf8_string             String to encode.
 * @param int    $length                  Max length of the string.
 * @param bool   $encode_ascii_characters Whether to encode ascii characters such as < " '
 * @return string String with Unicode encoded for URI.
 */
function utf8_uri_encode( $utf8_string, $length = 0, $encode_ascii_characters = false ) {
	$unicode        = '';
	$values         = array();
	$num_octets     = 1;
	$unicode_length = 0;

	mbstring_binary_safe_encoding();
	$string_length = strlen( $utf8_string );
	reset_mbstring_encoding();

	for ( $i = 0; $i < $string_length; $i++ ) {

		$value = ord( $utf8_string[ $i ] );

		if ( $value < 128 ) {
			$char                = chr( $value );
			$encoded_char        = $encode_ascii_characters ? rawurlencode( $char ) : $char;
			$encoded_char_length = strlen( $encoded_char );
			if ( $length && ( $unicode_length + $encoded_char_length ) > $length ) {
				break;
			}
			$unicode        .= $encoded_char;
			$unicode_length += $encoded_char_length;
		} else {
			if ( 0 === count( $values ) ) {
				if ( $value < 224 ) {
					$num_octets = 2;
				} elseif ( $value < 240 ) {
					$num_octets = 3;
				} else {
					$num_octets = 4;
				}
			}

			$values[] = $value;

			if ( $length && ( $unicode_length + ( $num_octets * 3 ) ) > $length ) {
				break;
			}
			if ( count( $values ) === $num_octets ) {
				for ( $j = 0; $j < $num_octets; $j++ ) {
					$unicode .= '%' . dechex( $values[ $j ] );
				}

				$unicode_length += $num_octets * 3;

				$values     = array();
				$num_octets = 1;
			}
		}
	}

	return $unicode;
}

/**
 * Converts all accent characters to ASCII characters.
 *
 * If there are no accent characters, then the string given is just returned.
 *
 * **Accent characters converted:**
 *
 * Currency signs:
 *
 * |   Code   | Glyph | Replacement |     Description     |
 * | -------- | ----- | ----------- | ------------------- |
 * | U+00A3   | £     | (empty)     | British Pound sign  |
 * | U+20AC   | €     | E           | Euro sign           |
 *
 * Decompositions for Latin-1 Supplement:
 *
 * |  Code   | Glyph | Replacement |               Description              |
 * | ------- | ----- | ----------- | -------------------------------------- |
 * | U+00AA  | ª     | a           | Feminine ordinal indicator             |
 * | U+00BA  | º     | o           | Masculine ordinal indicator            |
 * | U+00C0  | À     | A           | Latin capital letter A with grave      |
 * | U+00C1  | Á     | A           | Latin capital letter A with acute      |
 * | U+00C2  | Â     | A           | Latin capital letter A with circumflex |
 * | U+00C3  | Ã     | A           | Latin capital letter A with tilde      |
 * | U+00C4  | Ä     | A           | Latin capital letter A with diaeresis  |
 * | U+00C5  | Å     | A           | Latin capital letter A with ring above |
 * | U+00C6  | Æ     | AE          | Latin capital letter AE                |
 * | U+00C7  | Ç     | C           | Latin capital letter C with cedilla    |
 * | U+00C8  | È     | E           | Latin capital letter E with grave      |
 * | U+00C9  | É     | E           | Latin capital letter E with acute      |
 * | U+00CA  | Ê     | E           | Latin capital letter E with circumflex |
 * | U+00CB  | Ë     | E           | Latin capital letter E with diaeresis  |
 * | U+00CC  | Ì     | I           | Latin capital letter I with grave      |
 * | U+00CD  | Í     | I           | Latin capital letter I with acute      |
 * | U+00CE  | Î     | I           | Latin capital letter I with circumflex |
 * | U+00CF  | Ï     | I           | Latin capital letter I with diaeresis  |
 * | U+00D0  | Ð     | D           | Latin capital letter Eth               |
 * | U+00D1  | Ñ     | N           | Latin capital letter N with tilde      |
 * | U+00D2  | Ò     | O           | Latin capital letter O with grave      |
 * | U+00D3  | Ó     | O           | Latin capital letter O with acute      |
 * | U+00D4  | Ô     | O           | Latin capital letter O with circumflex |
 * | U+00D5  | Õ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with tilde      |
 * | U+00D6  | Ö     | O           | Latin capital letter O with diaeresis  |
 * | U+00D8  | Ø     | O           | Latin capital letter O with stroke     |
 * | U+00D9  | Ù     | U           | Latin capital letter U with grave      |
 * | U+00DA  | Ú     | U           | Latin capital letter U with acute      |
 * | U+00DB  | Û     | U           | Latin capital letter U with circumflex |
 * | U+00DC  | Ü     | U           | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis  |
 * | U+00DD  | Ý     | Y           | Latin capital letter Y with acute      |
 * | U+00DE  | Þ     | TH          | Latin capital letter Thorn             |
 * | U+00DF  | ß     | s           | Latin small letter sharp s             |
 * | U+00E0  | à     | a           | Latin small letter a with grave        |
 * | U+00E1  | á     | a           | Latin small letter a with acute        |
 * | U+00E2  | â     | a           | Latin small letter a with circumflex   |
 * | U+00E3  | ã     | a           | Latin small letter a with tilde        |
 * | U+00E4  | ä     | a           | Latin small letter a with diaeresis    |
 * | U+00E5  | å     | a           | Latin small letter a with ring above   |
 * | U+00E6  | æ     | ae          | Latin small letter ae                  |
 * | U+00E7  | ç     | c           | Latin small letter c with cedilla      |
 * | U+00E8  | è     | e           | Latin small letter e with grave        |
 * | U+00E9  | é     | e           | Latin small letter e with acute        |
 * | U+00EA  | ê     | e           | Latin small letter e with circumflex   |
 * | U+00EB  | ë     | e           | Latin small letter e with diaeresis    |
 * | U+00EC  | ì     | i           | Latin small letter i with grave        |
 * | U+00ED  | í     | i           | Latin small letter i with acute        |
 * | U+00EE  | î     | i           | Latin small letter i with circumflex   |
 * | U+00EF  | ï     | i           | Latin small letter i with diaeresis    |
 * | U+00F0  | ð     | d           | Latin small letter Eth                 |
 * | U+00F1  | ñ     | n           | Latin small letter n with tilde        |
 * | U+00F2  | ò     | o           | Latin small letter o with grave        |
 * | U+00F3  | ó     | o           | Latin small letter o with acute        |
 * | U+00F4  | ô     | o           | Latin small letter o with circumflex   |
 * | U+00F5  | õ     | o           | Latin small letter o with tilde        |
 * | U+00F6  | ö     | o           | Latin small letter o with diaeresis    |
 * | U+00F8  | ø     | o           | Latin small letter o with stroke       |
 * | U+00F9  | ù     | u           | Latin small letter u with grave        |
 * | U+00FA  | ú     | u           | Latin small letter u with acute        |
 * | U+00FB  | û     | u           | Latin small letter u with circumflex   |
 * | U+00FC  | ü     | u           | Latin small letter u with diaeresis    |
 * | U+00FD  | ý     | y           | Latin small letter y with acute        |
 * | U+00FE  | þ     | th          | Latin small letter Thorn               |
 * | U+00FF  | ÿ     | y           | Latin small letter y with diaeresis    |
 *
 * Decompositions for Latin Extended-A:
 *
 * |  Code   | Glyph | Replacement |                    Description                    |
 * | ------- | ----- | ----------- | ------------------------------------------------- |
 * | U+0100  | Ā     | A           | Latin capital letter A with macron                |
 * | U+0101  | ā     | a           | Latin small letter a with macron                  |
 * | U+0102  | Ă     | A           | Latin capital letter A with breve                 |
 * | U+0103  | ă     | a           | Latin small letter a with breve                   |
 * | U+0104  | Ą     | A           | Latin capital letter A with ogonek                |
 * | U+0105  | ą     | a           | Latin small letter a with ogonek                  |
 * | U+01006 | Ć     | C           | Latin capital letter C with acute                 |
 * | U+0107  | ć     | c           | Latin small letter c with acute                   |
 * | U+0108  | Ĉ     | C           | Latin capital letter C with circumflex            |
 * | U+0109  | ĉ     | c           | Latin small letter c with circumflex              |
 * | U+010A  | Ċ     | C           | Latin capital letter C with dot above             |
 * | U+010B  | ċ     | c           | Latin small letter c with dot above               |
 * | U+010C  | Č     | C           | Latin capital letter C with caron                 |
 * | U+010D  | č     | c           | Latin small letter c with caron                   |
 * | U+010E  | Ď     | D           | Latin capital letter D with caron                 |
 * | U+010F  | ď     | d           | Latin small letter d with caron                   |
 * | U+0110  | Đ     | D           | Latin capital letter D with stroke                |
 * | U+0111  | đ     | d           | Latin small letter d with stroke                  |
 * | U+0112  | Ē     | E           | Latin capital letter E with macron                |
 * | U+0113  | ē     | e           | Latin small letter e with macron                  |
 * | U+0114  | Ĕ     | E           | Latin capital letter E with breve                 |
 * | U+0115  | ĕ     | e           | Latin small letter e with breve                   |
 * | U+0116  | Ė     | E           | Latin capital letter E with dot above             |
 * | U+0117  | ė     | e           | Latin small letter e with dot above               |
 * | U+0118  | Ę     | E           | Latin capital letter E with ogonek                |
 * | U+0119  | ę     | e           | Latin small letter e with ogonek                  |
 * | U+011A  | Ě     | E           | Latin capital letter E with caron                 |
 * | U+011B  | ě     | e           | Latin small letter e with caron                   |
 * | U+011C  | Ĝ     | G           | Latin capital letter G with circumflex            |
 * | U+011D  | ĝ     | g           | Latin small letter g with circumflex              |
 * | U+011E  | Ğ     | G           | Latin capital letter G with breve                 |
 * | U+011F  | ğ     | g           | Latin small letter g with breve                   |
 * | U+0120  | Ġ     | G           | Latin capital letter G with dot above             |
 * | U+0121  | ġ     | g           | Latin small letter g with dot above               |
 * | U+0122  | Ģ     | G           | Latin capital letter G with cedilla               |
 * | U+0123  | ģ     | g           | Latin small letter g with cedilla                 |
 * | U+0124  | Ĥ     | H           | Latin capital letter H with circumflex            |
 * | U+0125  | ĥ     | h           | Latin small letter h with circumflex              |
 * | U+0126  | Ħ     | H           | Latin capital letter H with stroke                |
 * | U+0127  | ħ     | h           | Latin small letter h with stroke                  |
 * | U+0128  | Ĩ     | I           | Latin capital letter I with tilde                 |
 * | U+0129  | ĩ     | i           | Latin small letter i with tilde                   |
 * | U+012A  | Ī     | I           | Latin capital letter I with macron                |
 * | U+012B  | ī     | i           | Latin small letter i with macron                  |
 * | U+012C  | Ĭ     | I           | Latin capital letter I with breve                 |
 * | U+012D  | ĭ     | i           | Latin small letter i with breve                   |
 * | U+012E  | Į     | I           | Latin capital letter I with ogonek                |
 * | U+012F  | į     | i           | Latin small letter i with ogonek                  |
 * | U+0130  | İ     | I           | Latin capital letter I with dot above             |
 * | U+0131  | ı     | i           | Latin small letter dotless i                      |
 * | U+0132  | IJ     | IJ          | Latin capital ligature IJ                         |
 * | U+0133  | ij     | ij          | Latin small ligature ij                           |
 * | U+0134  | Ĵ     | J           | Latin capital letter J with circumflex            |
 * | U+0135  | ĵ     | j           | Latin small letter j with circumflex              |
 * | U+0136  | Ķ     | K           | Latin capital letter K with cedilla               |
 * | U+0137  | ķ     | k           | Latin small letter k with cedilla                 |
 * | U+0138  | ĸ     | k           | Latin small letter Kra                            |
 * | U+0139  | Ĺ     | L           | Latin capital letter L with acute                 |
 * | U+013A  | ĺ     | l           | Latin small letter l with acute                   |
 * | U+013B  | Ļ     | L           | Latin capital letter L with cedilla               |
 * | U+013C  | ļ     | l           | Latin small letter l with cedilla                 |
 * | U+013D  | Ľ     | L           | Latin capital letter L with caron                 |
 * | U+013E  | ľ     | l           | Latin small letter l with caron                   |
 * | U+013F  | Ŀ     | L           | Latin capital letter L with middle dot            |
 * | U+0140  | ŀ     | l           | Latin small letter l with middle dot              |
 * | U+0141  | Ł     | L           | Latin capital letter L with stroke                |
 * | U+0142  | ł     | l           | Latin small letter l with stroke                  |
 * | U+0143  | Ń     | N           | Latin capital letter N with acute                 |
 * | U+0144  | ń     | n           | Latin small letter N with acute                   |
 * | U+0145  | Ņ     | N           | Latin capital letter N with cedilla               |
 * | U+0146  | ņ     | n           | Latin small letter n with cedilla                 |
 * | U+0147  | Ň     | N           | Latin capital letter N with caron                 |
 * | U+0148  | ň     | n           | Latin small letter n with caron                   |
 * | U+0149  | ʼn     | n           | Latin small letter n preceded by apostrophe       |
 * | U+014A  | Ŋ     | N           | Latin capital letter Eng                          |
 * | U+014B  | ŋ     | n           | Latin small letter Eng                            |
 * | U+014C  | Ō     | O           | Latin capital letter O with macron                |
 * | U+014D  | ō     | o           | Latin small letter o with macron                  |
 * | U+014E  | Ŏ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with breve                 |
 * | U+014F  | ŏ     | o           | Latin small letter o with breve                   |
 * | U+0150  | Ő     | O           | Latin capital letter O with double acute          |
 * | U+0151  | ő     | o           | Latin small letter o with double acute            |
 * | U+0152  | Π    | OE          | Latin capital ligature OE                         |
 * | U+0153  | œ     | oe          | Latin small ligature oe                           |
 * | U+0154  | Ŕ     | R           | Latin capital letter R with acute                 |
 * | U+0155  | ŕ     | r           | Latin small letter r with acute                   |
 * | U+0156  | Ŗ     | R           | Latin capital letter R with cedilla               |
 * | U+0157  | ŗ     | r           | Latin small letter r with cedilla                 |
 * | U+0158  | Ř     | R           | Latin capital letter R with caron                 |
 * | U+0159  | ř     | r           | Latin small letter r with caron                   |
 * | U+015A  | Ś     | S           | Latin capital letter S with acute                 |
 * | U+015B  | ś     | s           | Latin small letter s with acute                   |
 * | U+015C  | Ŝ     | S           | Latin capital letter S with circumflex            |
 * | U+015D  | ŝ     | s           | Latin small letter s with circumflex              |
 * | U+015E  | Ş     | S           | Latin capital letter S with cedilla               |
 * | U+015F  | ş     | s           | Latin small letter s with cedilla                 |
 * | U+0160  | Š     | S           | Latin capital letter S with caron                 |
 * | U+0161  | š     | s           | Latin small letter s with caron                   |
 * | U+0162  | Ţ     | T           | Latin capital letter T with cedilla               |
 * | U+0163  | ţ     | t           | Latin small letter t with cedilla                 |
 * | U+0164  | Ť     | T           | Latin capital letter T with caron                 |
 * | U+0165  | ť     | t           | Latin small letter t with caron                   |
 * | U+0166  | Ŧ     | T           | Latin capital letter T with stroke                |
 * | U+0167  | ŧ     | t           | Latin small letter t with stroke                  |
 * | U+0168  | Ũ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with tilde                 |
 * | U+0169  | ũ     | u           | Latin small letter u with tilde                   |
 * | U+016A  | Ū     | U           | Latin capital letter U with macron                |
 * | U+016B  | ū     | u           | Latin small letter u with macron                  |
 * | U+016C  | Ŭ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with breve                 |
 * | U+016D  | ŭ     | u           | Latin small letter u with breve                   |
 * | U+016E  | Ů     | U           | Latin capital letter U with ring above            |
 * | U+016F  | ů     | u           | Latin small letter u with ring above              |
 * | U+0170  | Ű     | U           | Latin capital letter U with double acute          |
 * | U+0171  | ű     | u           | Latin small letter u with double acute            |
 * | U+0172  | Ų     | U           | Latin capital letter U with ogonek                |
 * | U+0173  | ų     | u           | Latin small letter u with ogonek                  |
 * | U+0174  | Ŵ     | W           | Latin capital letter W with circumflex            |
 * | U+0175  | ŵ     | w           | Latin small letter w with circumflex              |
 * | U+0176  | Ŷ     | Y           | Latin capital letter Y with circumflex            |
 * | U+0177  | ŷ     | y           | Latin small letter y with circumflex              |
 * | U+0178  | Ÿ     | Y           | Latin capital letter Y with diaeresis             |
 * | U+0179  | Ź     | Z           | Latin capital letter Z with acute                 |
 * | U+017A  | ź     | z           | Latin small letter z with acute                   |
 * | U+017B  | Ż     | Z           | Latin capital letter Z with dot above             |
 * | U+017C  | ż     | z           | Latin small letter z with dot above               |
 * | U+017D  | Ž     | Z           | Latin capital letter Z with caron                 |
 * | U+017E  | ž     | z           | Latin small letter z with caron                   |
 * | U+017F  | ſ     | s           | Latin small letter long s                         |
 * | U+01A0  | Ơ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with horn                  |
 * | U+01A1  | ơ     | o           | Latin small letter o with horn                    |
 * | U+01AF  | Ư     | U           | Latin capital letter U with horn                  |
 * | U+01B0  | ư     | u           | Latin small letter u with horn                    |
 * | U+01CD  | Ǎ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with caron                 |
 * | U+01CE  | ǎ     | a           | Latin small letter a with caron                   |
 * | U+01CF  | Ǐ     | I           | Latin capital letter I with caron                 |
 * | U+01D0  | ǐ     | i           | Latin small letter i with caron                   |
 * | U+01D1  | Ǒ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with caron                 |
 * | U+01D2  | ǒ     | o           | Latin small letter o with caron                   |
 * | U+01D3  | Ǔ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with caron                 |
 * | U+01D4  | ǔ     | u           | Latin small letter u with caron                   |
 * | U+01D5  | Ǖ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis and macron  |
 * | U+01D6  | ǖ     | u           | Latin small letter u with diaeresis and macron    |
 * | U+01D7  | Ǘ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis and acute   |
 * | U+01D8  | ǘ     | u           | Latin small letter u with diaeresis and acute     |
 * | U+01D9  | Ǚ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis and caron   |
 * | U+01DA  | ǚ     | u           | Latin small letter u with diaeresis and caron     |
 * | U+01DB  | Ǜ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis and grave   |
 * | U+01DC  | ǜ     | u           | Latin small letter u with diaeresis and grave     |
 *
 * Decompositions for Latin Extended-B:
 *
 * |   Code   | Glyph | Replacement |                Description                |
 * | -------- | ----- | ----------- | ----------------------------------------- |
 * | U+018F   | Ə     | E           | Latin capital letter Ə                    |
 * | U+0259   | ǝ     | e           | Latin small letter ǝ                      |
 * | U+0218   | Ș     | S           | Latin capital letter S with comma below   |
 * | U+0219   | ș     | s           | Latin small letter s with comma below     |
 * | U+021A   | Ț     | T           | Latin capital letter T with comma below   |
 * | U+021B   | ț     | t           | Latin small letter t with comma below     |
 *
 * Vowels with diacritic (Chinese, Hanyu Pinyin):
 *
 * |   Code   | Glyph | Replacement |                      Description                      |
 * | -------- | ----- | ----------- | ----------------------------------------------------- |
 * | U+0251   | ɑ     | a           | Latin small letter alpha                              |
 * | U+1EA0   | Ạ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with dot below                 |
 * | U+1EA1   | ạ     | a           | Latin small letter a with dot below                   |
 * | U+1EA2   | Ả     | A           | Latin capital letter A with hook above                |
 * | U+1EA3   | ả     | a           | Latin small letter a with hook above                  |
 * | U+1EA4   | Ấ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with circumflex and acute      |
 * | U+1EA5   | ấ     | a           | Latin small letter a with circumflex and acute        |
 * | U+1EA6   | Ầ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with circumflex and grave      |
 * | U+1EA7   | ầ     | a           | Latin small letter a with circumflex and grave        |
 * | U+1EA8   | Ẩ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with circumflex and hook above |
 * | U+1EA9   | ẩ     | a           | Latin small letter a with circumflex and hook above   |
 * | U+1EAA   | Ẫ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with circumflex and tilde      |
 * | U+1EAB   | ẫ     | a           | Latin small letter a with circumflex and tilde        |
 * | U+1EA6   | Ậ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with circumflex and dot below  |
 * | U+1EAD   | ậ     | a           | Latin small letter a with circumflex and dot below    |
 * | U+1EAE   | Ắ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with breve and acute           |
 * | U+1EAF   | ắ     | a           | Latin small letter a with breve and acute             |
 * | U+1EB0   | Ằ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with breve and grave           |
 * | U+1EB1   | ằ     | a           | Latin small letter a with breve and grave             |
 * | U+1EB2   | Ẳ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with breve and hook above      |
 * | U+1EB3   | ẳ     | a           | Latin small letter a with breve and hook above        |
 * | U+1EB4   | Ẵ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with breve and tilde           |
 * | U+1EB5   | ẵ     | a           | Latin small letter a with breve and tilde             |
 * | U+1EB6   | Ặ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with breve and dot below       |
 * | U+1EB7   | ặ     | a           | Latin small letter a with breve and dot below         |
 * | U+1EB8   | Ẹ     | E           | Latin capital letter E with dot below                 |
 * | U+1EB9   | ẹ     | e           | Latin small letter e with dot below                   |
 * | U+1EBA   | Ẻ     | E           | Latin capital letter E with hook above                |
 * | U+1EBB   | ẻ     | e           | Latin small letter e with hook above                  |
 * | U+1EBC   | Ẽ     | E           | Latin capital letter E with tilde                     |
 * | U+1EBD   | ẽ     | e           | Latin small letter e with tilde                       |
 * | U+1EBE   | Ế     | E           | Latin capital letter E with circumflex and acute      |
 * | U+1EBF   | ế     | e           | Latin small letter e with circumflex and acute        |
 * | U+1EC0   | Ề     | E           | Latin capital letter E with circumflex and grave      |
 * | U+1EC1   | ề     | e           | Latin small letter e with circumflex and grave        |
 * | U+1EC2   | Ể     | E           | Latin capital letter E with circumflex and hook above |
 * | U+1EC3   | ể     | e           | Latin small letter e with circumflex and hook above   |
 * | U+1EC4   | Ễ     | E           | Latin capital letter E with circumflex and tilde      |
 * | U+1EC5   | ễ     | e           | Latin small letter e with circumflex and tilde        |
 * | U+1EC6   | Ệ     | E           | Latin capital letter E with circumflex and dot below  |
 * | U+1EC7   | ệ     | e           | Latin small letter e with circumflex and dot below    |
 * | U+1EC8   | Ỉ     | I           | Latin capital letter I with hook above                |
 * | U+1EC9   | ỉ     | i           | Latin small letter i with hook above                  |
 * | U+1ECA   | Ị     | I           | Latin capital letter I with dot below                 |
 * | U+1ECB   | ị     | i           | Latin small letter i with dot below                   |
 * | U+1ECC   | Ọ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with dot below                 |
 * | U+1ECD   | ọ     | o           | Latin small letter o with dot below                   |
 * | U+1ECE   | Ỏ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with hook above                |
 * | U+1ECF   | ỏ     | o           | Latin small letter o with hook above                  |
 * | U+1ED0   | Ố     | O           | Latin capital letter O with circumflex and acute      |
 * | U+1ED1   | ố     | o           | Latin small letter o with circumflex and acute        |
 * | U+1ED2   | Ồ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with circumflex and grave      |
 * | U+1ED3   | ồ     | o           | Latin small letter o with circumflex and grave        |
 * | U+1ED4   | Ổ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with circumflex and hook above |
 * | U+1ED5   | ổ     | o           | Latin small letter o with circumflex and hook above   |
 * | U+1ED6   | Ỗ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with circumflex and tilde      |
 * | U+1ED7   | ỗ     | o           | Latin small letter o with circumflex and tilde        |
 * | U+1ED8   | Ộ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with circumflex and dot below  |
 * | U+1ED9   | ộ     | o           | Latin small letter o with circumflex and dot below    |
 * | U+1EDA   | Ớ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with horn and acute            |
 * | U+1EDB   | ớ     | o           | Latin small letter o with horn and acute              |
 * | U+1EDC   | Ờ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with horn and grave            |
 * | U+1EDD   | ờ     | o           | Latin small letter o with horn and grave              |
 * | U+1EDE   | Ở     | O           | Latin capital letter O with horn and hook above       |
 * | U+1EDF   | ở     | o           | Latin small letter o with horn and hook above         |
 * | U+1EE0   | Ỡ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with horn and tilde            |
 * | U+1EE1   | ỡ     | o           | Latin small letter o with horn and tilde              |
 * | U+1EE2   | Ợ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with horn and dot below        |
 * | U+1EE3   | ợ     | o           | Latin small letter o with horn and dot below          |
 * | U+1EE4   | Ụ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with dot below                 |
 * | U+1EE5   | ụ     | u           | Latin small letter u with dot below                   |
 * | U+1EE6   | Ủ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with hook above                |
 * | U+1EE7   | ủ     | u           | Latin small letter u with hook above                  |
 * | U+1EE8   | Ứ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with horn and acute            |
 * | U+1EE9   | ứ     | u           | Latin small letter u with horn and acute              |
 * | U+1EEA   | Ừ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with horn and grave            |
 * | U+1EEB   | ừ     | u           | Latin small letter u with horn and grave              |
 * | U+1EEC   | Ử     | U           | Latin capital letter U with horn and hook above       |
 * | U+1EED   | ử     | u           | Latin small letter u with horn and hook above         |
 * | U+1EEE   | Ữ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with horn and tilde            |
 * | U+1EEF   | ữ     | u           | Latin small letter u with horn and tilde              |
 * | U+1EF0   | Ự     | U           | Latin capital letter U with horn and dot below        |
 * | U+1EF1   | ự     | u           | Latin small letter u with horn and dot below          |
 * | U+1EF2   | Ỳ     | Y           | Latin capital letter Y with grave                     |
 * | U+1EF3   | ỳ     | y           | Latin small letter y with grave                       |
 * | U+1EF4   | Ỵ     | Y           | Latin capital letter Y with dot below                 |
 * | U+1EF5   | ỵ     | y           | Latin small letter y with dot below                   |
 * | U+1EF6   | Ỷ     | Y           | Latin capital letter Y with hook above                |
 * | U+1EF7   | ỷ     | y           | Latin small letter y with hook above                  |
 * | U+1EF8   | Ỹ     | Y           | Latin capital letter Y with tilde                     |
 * | U+1EF9   | ỹ     | y           | Latin small letter y with tilde                       |
 *
 * German (`de_DE`), German formal (`de_DE_formal`), German (Switzerland) formal (`de_CH`),
 * German (Switzerland) informal (`de_CH_informal`), and German (Austria) (`de_AT`) locales:
 *
 * |   Code   | Glyph | Replacement |               Description               |
 * | -------- | ----- | ----------- | --------------------------------------- |
 * | U+00C4   | Ä     | Ae          | Latin capital letter A with diaeresis   |
 * | U+00E4   | ä     | ae          | Latin small letter a with diaeresis     |
 * | U+00D6   | Ö     | Oe          | Latin capital letter O with diaeresis   |
 * | U+00F6   | ö     | oe          | Latin small letter o with diaeresis     |
 * | U+00DC   | Ü     | Ue          | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis   |
 * | U+00FC   | ü     | ue          | Latin small letter u with diaeresis     |
 * | U+1E9E   | ẞ     | SS          | Latin capital letter sharp s            |
 * | U+00DF   | ß     | ss          | Latin small letter sharp s              |
 *
 * Danish (`da_DK`) locale:
 *
 * |   Code   | Glyph | Replacement |               Description               |
 * | -------- | ----- | ----------- | --------------------------------------- |
 * | U+00C6   | Æ     | Ae          | Latin capital letter AE                 |
 * | U+00E6   | æ     | ae          | Latin small letter ae                   |
 * | U+00D8   | Ø     | Oe          | Latin capital letter O with stroke      |
 * | U+00F8   | ø     | oe          | Latin small letter o with stroke        |
 * | U+00C5   | Å     | Aa          | Latin capital letter A with ring above  |
 * | U+00E5   | å     | aa          | Latin small letter a with ring above    |
 *
 * Catalan (`ca`) locale:
 *
 * |   Code   | Glyph | Replacement |               Description               |
 * | -------- | ----- | ----------- | --------------------------------------- |
 * | U+00B7   | l·l   | ll          | Flown dot (between two Ls)              |
 *
 * Serbian (`sr_RS`) and Bosnian (`bs_BA`) locales:
 *
 * |   Code   | Glyph | Replacement |               Description               |
 * | -------- | ----- | ----------- | --------------------------------------- |
 * | U+0110   | Đ     | DJ          | Latin capital letter D with stroke      |
 * | U+0111   | đ     | dj          | Latin small letter d with stroke        |
 *
 * @since 1.2.1
 * @since 4.6.0 Added locale support for `de_CH`, `de_CH_informal`, and `ca`.
 * @since 4.7.0 Added locale support for `sr_RS`.
 * @since 4.8.0 Added locale support for `bs_BA`.
 * @since 5.7.0 Added locale support for `de_AT`.
 * @since 6.0.0 Added the `$locale` parameter.
 * @since 6.1.0 Added Unicode NFC encoding normalization support.
 * @since 7.0.0 Added capital Eszett (U+1E9E) support for German locales.
 *
 * @param string $text   Text that might have accent characters.
 * @param string $locale Optional. The locale to use for accent removal. Some character
 *                       replacements depend on the locale being used (e.g. 'de_DE').
 *                       Defaults to the current locale.
 * @return string Filtered string with replaced "nice" characters.
 */
function remove_accents( $text, $locale = '' ) {
	if ( ! preg_match( '/[\x80-\xff]/', $text ) ) {
		return $text;
	}

	if ( wp_is_valid_utf8( $text ) ) {

		/*
		 * Unicode sequence normalization from NFD (Normalization Form Decomposed)
		 * to NFC (Normalization Form [Pre]Composed), the encoding used in this function.
		 */
		if ( function_exists( 'normalizer_is_normalized' )
			&& function_exists( 'normalizer_normalize' )
		) {
			if ( ! normalizer_is_normalized( $text ) ) {
				$text = normalizer_normalize( $text );
			}
		}

		$chars = array(
			// Decompositions for Latin-1 Supplement.
			'ª' => 'a',
			'º' => 'o',
			'À' => 'A',
			'Á' => 'A',
			'Â' => 'A',
			'Ã' => 'A',
			'Ä' => 'A',
			'Å' => 'A',
			'Æ' => 'AE',
			'Ç' => 'C',
			'È' => 'E',
			'É' => 'E',
			'Ê' => 'E',
			'Ë' => 'E',
			'Ì' => 'I',
			'Í' => 'I',
			'Î' => 'I',
			'Ï' => 'I',
			'Ð' => 'D',
			'Ñ' => 'N',
			'Ò' => 'O',
			'Ó' => 'O',
			'Ô' => 'O',
			'Õ' => 'O',
			'Ö' => 'O',
			'Ù' => 'U',
			'Ú' => 'U',
			'Û' => 'U',
			'Ü' => 'U',
			'Ý' => 'Y',
			'Þ' => 'TH',
			'ß' => 's',
			'à' => 'a',
			'á' => 'a',
			'â' => 'a',
			'ã' => 'a',
			'ä' => 'a',
			'å' => 'a',
			'æ' => 'ae',
			'ç' => 'c',
			'è' => 'e',
			'é' => 'e',
			'ê' => 'e',
			'ë' => 'e',
			'ì' => 'i',
			'í' => 'i',
			'î' => 'i',
			'ï' => 'i',
			'ð' => 'd',
			'ñ' => 'n',
			'ò' => 'o',
			'ó' => 'o',
			'ô' => 'o',
			'õ' => 'o',
			'ö' => 'o',
			'ø' => 'o',
			'ù' => 'u',
			'ú' => 'u',
			'û' => 'u',
			'ü' => 'u',
			'ý' => 'y',
			'þ' => 'th',
			'ÿ' => 'y',
			'Ø' => 'O',
			// Decompositions for Latin Extended-A.
			'Ā' => 'A',
			'ā' => 'a',
			'Ă' => 'A',
			'ă' => 'a',
			'Ą' => 'A',
			'ą' => 'a',
			'Ć' => 'C',
			'ć' => 'c',
			'Ĉ' => 'C',
			'ĉ' => 'c',
			'Ċ' => 'C',
			'ċ' => 'c',
			'Č' => 'C',
			'č' => 'c',
			'Ď' => 'D',
			'ď' => 'd',
			'Đ' => 'D',
			'đ' => 'd',
			'Ē' => 'E',
			'ē' => 'e',
			'Ĕ' => 'E',
			'ĕ' => 'e',
			'Ė' => 'E',
			'ė' => 'e',
			'Ę' => 'E',
			'ę' => 'e',
			'Ě' => 'E',
			'ě' => 'e',
			'Ĝ' => 'G',
			'ĝ' => 'g',
			'Ğ' => 'G',
			'ğ' => 'g',
			'Ġ' => 'G',
			'ġ' => 'g',
			'Ģ' => 'G',
			'ģ' => 'g',
			'Ĥ' => 'H',
			'ĥ' => 'h',
			'Ħ' => 'H',
			'ħ' => 'h',
			'Ĩ' => 'I',
			'ĩ' => 'i',
			'Ī' => 'I',
			'ī' => 'i',
			'Ĭ' => 'I',
			'ĭ' => 'i',
			'Į' => 'I',
			'į' => 'i',
			'İ' => 'I',
			'ı' => 'i',
			'IJ' => 'IJ',
			'ij' => 'ij',
			'Ĵ' => 'J',
			'ĵ' => 'j',
			'Ķ' => 'K',
			'ķ' => 'k',
			'ĸ' => 'k',
			'Ĺ' => 'L',
			'ĺ' => 'l',
			'Ļ' => 'L',
			'ļ' => 'l',
			'Ľ' => 'L',
			'ľ' => 'l',
			'Ŀ' => 'L',
			'ŀ' => 'l',
			'Ł' => 'L',
			'ł' => 'l',
			'Ń' => 'N',
			'ń' => 'n',
			'Ņ' => 'N',
			'ņ' => 'n',
			'Ň' => 'N',
			'ň' => 'n',
			'ʼn' => 'n',
			'Ŋ' => 'N',
			'ŋ' => 'n',
			'Ō' => 'O',
			'ō' => 'o',
			'Ŏ' => 'O',
			'ŏ' => 'o',
			'Ő' => 'O',
			'ő' => 'o',
			'Œ' => 'OE',
			'œ' => 'oe',
			'Ŕ' => 'R',
			'ŕ' => 'r',
			'Ŗ' => 'R',
			'ŗ' => 'r',
			'Ř' => 'R',
			'ř' => 'r',
			'Ś' => 'S',
			'ś' => 's',
			'Ŝ' => 'S',
			'ŝ' => 's',
			'Ş' => 'S',
			'ş' => 's',
			'Š' => 'S',
			'š' => 's',
			'Ţ' => 'T',
			'ţ' => 't',
			'Ť' => 'T',
			'ť' => 't',
			'Ŧ' => 'T',
			'ŧ' => 't',
			'Ũ' => 'U',
			'ũ' => 'u',
			'Ū' => 'U',
			'ū' => 'u',
			'Ŭ' => 'U',
			'ŭ' => 'u',
			'Ů' => 'U',
			'ů' => 'u',
			'Ű' => 'U',
			'ű' => 'u',
			'Ų' => 'U',
			'ų' => 'u',
			'Ŵ' => 'W',
			'ŵ' => 'w',
			'Ŷ' => 'Y',
			'ŷ' => 'y',
			'Ÿ' => 'Y',
			'Ź' => 'Z',
			'ź' => 'z',
			'Ż' => 'Z',
			'ż' => 'z',
			'Ž' => 'Z',
			'ž' => 'z',
			'ſ' => 's',
			// Decompositions for Latin Extended-B.
			'Ə' => 'E',
			'ǝ' => 'e',
			'Ș' => 'S',
			'ș' => 's',
			'Ț' => 'T',
			'ț' => 't',
			// Euro sign.
			'€' => 'E',
			// GBP (Pound) sign.
			'£' => '',
			// Vowels with diacritic (Vietnamese). Unmarked.
			'Ơ' => 'O',
			'ơ' => 'o',
			'Ư' => 'U',
			'ư' => 'u',
			// Grave accent.
			'Ầ' => 'A',
			'ầ' => 'a',
			'Ằ' => 'A',
			'ằ' => 'a',
			'Ề' => 'E',
			'ề' => 'e',
			'Ồ' => 'O',
			'ồ' => 'o',
			'Ờ' => 'O',
			'ờ' => 'o',
			'Ừ' => 'U',
			'ừ' => 'u',
			'Ỳ' => 'Y',
			'ỳ' => 'y',
			// Hook.
			'Ả' => 'A',
			'ả' => 'a',
			'Ẩ' => 'A',
			'ẩ' => 'a',
			'Ẳ' => 'A',
			'ẳ' => 'a',
			'Ẻ' => 'E',
			'ẻ' => 'e',
			'Ể' => 'E',
			'ể' => 'e',
			'Ỉ' => 'I',
			'ỉ' => 'i',
			'Ỏ' => 'O',
			'ỏ' => 'o',
			'Ổ' => 'O',
			'ổ' => 'o',
			'Ở' => 'O',
			'ở' => 'o',
			'Ủ' => 'U',
			'ủ' => 'u',
			'Ử' => 'U',
			'ử' => 'u',
			'Ỷ' => 'Y',
			'ỷ' => 'y',
			// Tilde.
			'Ẫ' => 'A',
			'ẫ' => 'a',
			'Ẵ' => 'A',
			'ẵ' => 'a',
			'Ẽ' => 'E',
			'ẽ' => 'e',
			'Ễ' => 'E',
			'ễ' => 'e',
			'Ỗ' => 'O',
			'ỗ' => 'o',
			'Ỡ' => 'O',
			'ỡ' => 'o',
			'Ữ' => 'U',
			'ữ' => 'u',
			'Ỹ' => 'Y',
			'ỹ' => 'y',
			// Acute accent.
			'Ấ' => 'A',
			'ấ' => 'a',
			'Ắ' => 'A',
			'ắ' => 'a',
			'Ế' => 'E',
			'ế' => 'e',
			'Ố' => 'O',
			'ố' => 'o',
			'Ớ' => 'O',
			'ớ' => 'o',
			'Ứ' => 'U',
			'ứ' => 'u',
			// Dot below.
			'Ạ' => 'A',
			'ạ' => 'a',
			'Ậ' => 'A',
			'ậ' => 'a',
			'Ặ' => 'A',
			'ặ' => 'a',
			'Ẹ' => 'E',
			'ẹ' => 'e',
			'Ệ' => 'E',
			'ệ' => 'e',
			'Ị' => 'I',
			'ị' => 'i',
			'Ọ' => 'O',
			'ọ' => 'o',
			'Ộ' => 'O',
			'ộ' => 'o',
			'Ợ' => 'O',
			'ợ' => 'o',
			'Ụ' => 'U',
			'ụ' => 'u',
			'Ự' => 'U',
			'ự' => 'u',
			'Ỵ' => 'Y',
			'ỵ' => 'y',
			// Vowels with diacritic (Chinese, Hanyu Pinyin).
			'ɑ' => 'a',
			// Macron.
			'Ǖ' => 'U',
			'ǖ' => 'u',
			// Acute accent.
			'Ǘ' => 'U',
			'ǘ' => 'u',
			// Caron.
			'Ǎ' => 'A',
			'ǎ' => 'a',
			'Ǐ' => 'I',
			'ǐ' => 'i',
			'Ǒ' => 'O',
			'ǒ' => 'o',
			'Ǔ' => 'U',
			'ǔ' => 'u',
			'Ǚ' => 'U',
			'ǚ' => 'u',
			// Grave accent.
			'Ǜ' => 'U',
			'ǜ' => 'u',
		);

		// Used for locale-specific rules.
		if ( empty( $locale ) ) {
			$locale = get_locale();
		}

		/*
		 * German has various locales (de_DE, de_CH, de_AT, ...) with formal and informal variants.
		 * There is no 3-letter locale like 'def', so checking for 'de' instead of 'de_' is safe,
		 * since 'de' itself would be a valid locale too.
		 */
		if ( str_starts_with( $locale, 'de' ) ) {
			$chars['Ä'] = 'Ae';
			$chars['ä'] = 'ae';
			$chars['Ö'] = 'Oe';
			$chars['ö'] = 'oe';
			$chars['Ü'] = 'Ue';
			$chars['ü'] = 'ue';
			$chars['ẞ'] = 'SS';
			$chars['ß'] = 'ss';
		} elseif ( 'da_DK' === $locale ) {
			$chars['Æ'] = 'Ae';
			$chars['æ'] = 'ae';
			$chars['Ø'] = 'Oe';
			$chars['ø'] = 'oe';
			$chars['Å'] = 'Aa';
			$chars['å'] = 'aa';
		} elseif ( 'ca' === $locale ) {
			$chars['l·l'] = 'll';
		} elseif ( 'sr_RS' === $locale || 'bs_BA' === $locale ) {
			$chars['Đ'] = 'DJ';
			$chars['đ'] = 'dj';
		}

		$text = strtr( $text, $chars );
	} else {
		$chars = array();
		// Assume ISO-8859-1 if not UTF-8.
		$chars['in'] = "\x80\x83\x8a\x8e\x9a\x9e"
			. "\x9f\xa2\xa5\xb5\xc0\xc1\xc2"
			. "\xc3\xc4\xc5\xc7\xc8\xc9\xca"
			. "\xcb\xcc\xcd\xce\xcf\xd1\xd2"
			. "\xd3\xd4\xd5\xd6\xd8\xd9\xda"
			. "\xdb\xdc\xdd\xe0\xe1\xe2\xe3"
			. "\xe4\xe5\xe7\xe8\xe9\xea\xeb"
			. "\xec\xed\xee\xef\xf1\xf2\xf3"
			. "\xf4\xf5\xf6\xf8\xf9\xfa\xfb"
			. "\xfc\xfd\xff";

		$chars['out'] = 'EfSZszYcYuAAAAAACEEEEIIIINOOOOOOUUUUYaaaaaaceeeeiiiinoooooouuuuyy';

		$text                = strtr( $text, $chars['in'], $chars['out'] );
		$double_chars        = array();
		$double_chars['in']  = array( "\x8c", "\x9c", "\xc6", "\xd0", "\xde", "\xdf", "\xe6", "\xf0", "\xfe" );
		$double_chars['out'] = array( 'OE', 'oe', 'AE', 'DH', 'TH', 'ss', 'ae', 'dh', 'th' );
		$text                = str_replace( $double_chars['in'], $double_chars['out'], $text );
	}

	return $text;
}

/**
 * Sanitizes a filename, replacing whitespace with dashes.
 *
 * Removes special characters that are illegal in filenames on certain
 * operating systems and special characters requiring special escaping
 * to manipulate at the command line. Replaces spaces and consecutive
 * dashes with a single dash. Trims period, dash and underscore from beginning
 * and end of filename. It is not guaranteed that this function will return a
 * filename that is allowed to be uploaded.
 *
 * @since 2.1.0
 *
 * @param string $filename The filename to be sanitized.
 * @return string The sanitized filename.
 */
function sanitize_file_name( $filename ) {
	$filename_raw = $filename;
	$filename     = remove_accents( $filename );

	$special_chars = array( '?', '[', ']', '/', '\\', '=', '<', '>', ':', ';', ',', "'", '"', '&', '$', '#', '*', '(', ')', '|', '~', '`', '!', '{', '}', '%', '+', '’', '«', '»', '”', '“', chr( 0 ) );

	if ( ! wp_is_valid_utf8( $filename ) ) {
		$_ext     = pathinfo( $filename, PATHINFO_EXTENSION );
		$_name    = pathinfo( $filename, PATHINFO_FILENAME );
		$filename = sanitize_title_with_dashes( $_name ) . '.' . $_ext;
	}

	if ( _wp_can_use_pcre_u() ) {
		/**
		 * Replace all whitespace characters with a basic space (U+0020).
		 *
		 * The “Zs” in the pattern selects characters in the `Space_Separator`
		 * category, which is what Unicode considers space characters.
		 *
		 * @see https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr44/#General_Category_Values
		 * @see https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode16.0.0/core-spec/chapter-6/#G17548
		 * @see https://www.php.net/manual/en/regexp.reference.unicode.php
		 */
		$filename = preg_replace( '#\p{Zs}#siu', ' ', $filename );
	}

	/**
	 * Filters the list of characters to remove from a filename.
	 *
	 * @since 2.8.0
	 *
	 * @param string[] $special_chars Array of characters to remove.
	 * @param string   $filename_raw  The original filename to be sanitized.
	 */
	$special_chars = apply_filters( 'sanitize_file_name_chars', $special_chars, $filename_raw );

	$filename = str_replace( $special_chars, '', $filename );
	$filename = str_replace( array( '%20', '+' ), '-', $filename );
	$filename = preg_replace( '/\.{2,}/', '.', $filename );
	$filename = preg_replace( '/[\r\n\t -]+/', '-', $filename );
	$filename = trim( $filename, '.-_' );

	if ( ! str_contains( $filename, '.' ) ) {
		$mime_types = wp_get_mime_types();
		$filetype   = wp_check_filetype( 'test.' . $filename, $mime_types );
		if ( $filetype['ext'] === $filename ) {
			$filename = 'unnamed-file.' . $filetype['ext'];
		}
	}

	// Split the filename into a base and extension[s].
	$parts = explode( '.', $filename );

	// Return if only one extension.
	if ( count( $parts ) <= 2 ) {
		/** This filter is documented in wp-includes/formatting.php */
		return apply_filters( 'sanitize_file_name', $filename, $filename_raw );
	}

	// Process multiple extensions.
	$filename  = array_shift( $parts );
	$extension = array_pop( $parts );
	$mimes     = get_allowed_mime_types();

	/*
	 * Loop over any intermediate extensions. Postfix them with a trailing underscore
	 * if they are a 2 - 5 character long alpha string not in the allowed extension list.
	 */
	foreach ( (array) $parts as $part ) {
		$filename .= '.' . $part;

		if ( preg_match( '/^[a-zA-Z]{2,5}\d?$/', $part ) ) {
			$allowed = false;
			foreach ( $mimes as $ext_preg => $mime_match ) {
				$ext_preg = '!^(' . $ext_preg . ')$!i';
				if ( preg_match( $ext_preg, $part ) ) {
					$allowed = true;
					break;
				}
			}
			if ( ! $allowed ) {
				$filename .= '_';
			}
		}
	}

	$filename .= '.' . $extension;

	/**
	 * Filters a sanitized filename string.
	 *
	 * @since 2.8.0
	 *
	 * @param string $filename     Sanitized filename.
	 * @param string $filename_raw The filename prior to sanitization.
	 */
	return apply_filters( 'sanitize_file_name', $filename, $filename_raw );
}

/**
 * Sanitizes a username, stripping out unsafe characters.
 *
 * Removes tags, percent-encoded characters, HTML entities, and if strict is enabled,
 * will only keep alphanumeric, _, space, ., -, @. After sanitizing, it passes the username,
 * raw username (the username in the parameter), and the value of $strict as parameters
 * for the {@see 'sanitize_user'} filter.
 *
 * @since 2.0.0
 *
 * @param string $username The username to be sanitized.
 * @param bool   $strict   Optional. If set to true, limits $username to specific characters.
 *                         Default false.
 * @return string The sanitized username, after passing through filters.
 */
function sanitize_user( $username, $strict = false ) {
	$raw_username = $username;
	$username     = wp_strip_all_tags( $username );
	$username     = remove_accents( $username );
	// Remove percent-encoded characters.
	$username = preg_replace( '|%([a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9])|', '', $username );
	// Remove HTML entities.
	$username = preg_replace( '/&.+?;/', '', $username );

	// If strict, reduce to ASCII for max portability.
	if ( $strict ) {
		$username = preg_replace( '|[^a-z0-9 _.\-@]|i', '', $username );
	}

	$username = trim( $username );
	// Consolidate contiguous whitespace.
	$username = preg_replace( '|\s+|', ' ', $username );

	/**
	 * Filters a sanitized username string.
	 *
	 * @since 2.0.1
	 *
	 * @param string $username     Sanitized username.
	 * @param string $raw_username The username prior to sanitization.
	 * @param bool   $strict       Whether to limit the sanitization to specific characters.
	 */
	return apply_filters( 'sanitize_user', $username, $raw_username, $strict );
}

/**
 * Sanitizes a string key.
 *
 * Keys are used as internal identifiers. Lowercase alphanumeric characters,
 * dashes, and underscores are allowed.
 *
 * @since 3.0.0
 *
 * @param string $key String key.
 * @return string Sanitized key.
 * @phpstan-return lowercase-string
 */
function sanitize_key( $key ) {
	$sanitized_key = '';

	if ( is_scalar( $key ) ) {
		$sanitized_key = strtolower( $key );
		$sanitized_key = preg_replace( '/[^a-z0-9_\-]/', '', $sanitized_key );
	}

	/**
	 * Filters a sanitized key string.
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 *
	 * @param string $sanitized_key Sanitized key.
	 * @param string $key           The key prior to sanitization.
	 */
	return apply_filters( 'sanitize_key', $sanitized_key, $key );
}

/**
 * Sanitizes a string into a slug, which can be used in URLs or HTML attributes.
 *
 * By default, converts accent characters to ASCII characters and further
 * limits the output to alphanumeric characters, underscore (_) and dash (-)
 * through the {@see 'sanitize_title'} filter.
 *
 * If `$title` is empty and `$fallback_title` is set, the latter will be used.
 *
 * @since 1.0.0
 *
 * @param string $title          The string to be sanitized.
 * @param string $fallback_title Optional. A title to use if $title is empty. Default empty.
 * @param string $context        Optional. The operation for which the string is sanitized.
 *                               When set to 'save', the string runs through remove_accents().
 *                               Default 'save'.
 * @return string The sanitized string.
 */
function sanitize_title( $title, $fallback_title = '', $context = 'save' ) {
	$raw_title = $title;

	if ( 'save' === $context ) {
		$title = remove_accents( $title );
	}

	/**
	 * Filters a sanitized title string.
	 *
	 * @since 1.2.0
	 *
	 * @param string $title     Sanitized title.
	 * @param string $raw_title The title prior to sanitization.
	 * @param string $context   The context for which the title is being sanitized.
	 */
	$title = apply_filters( 'sanitize_title', $title, $raw_title, $context );

	if ( '' === $title || false === $title ) {
		$title = $fallback_title;
	}

	return $title;
}

/**
 * Sanitizes a title with the 'query' context.
 *
 * Used for querying the database for a value from URL.
 *
 * @since 3.1.0
 *
 * @param string $title The string to be sanitized.
 * @return string The sanitized string.
 */
function sanitize_title_for_query( $title ) {
	return sanitize_title( $title, '', 'query' );
}

/**
 * Sanitizes a title, replacing whitespace and a few other characters with dashes.
 *
 * Limits the output to alphanumeric characters, underscore (_) and dash (-).
 * Whitespace becomes a dash.
 *
 * @since 1.2.0
 *
 * @param string $title     The title to be sanitized.
 * @param string $raw_title Optional. Not used. Default empty.
 * @param string $context   Optional. The operation for which the string is sanitized.
 *                          When set to 'save', additional entities are converted to hyphens
 *                          or stripped entirely. Default 'display'.
 * @return string The sanitized title.
 */
function sanitize_title_with_dashes( $title, $raw_title = '', $context = 'display' ) {
	$title = strip_tags( $title );
	// Preserve escaped octets.
	$title = preg_replace( '|%([a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9])|', '---$1---', $title );
	// Remove percent signs that are not part of an octet.
	$title = str_replace( '%', '', $title );
	// Restore octets.
	$title = preg_replace( '|---([a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9])---|', '%$1', $title );

	if ( wp_is_valid_utf8( $title ) ) {
		if ( function_exists( 'mb_strtolower' ) ) {
			$title = mb_strtolower( $title, 'UTF-8' );
		}
		$title = utf8_uri_encode( $title, 200 );
	}

	$title = strtolower( $title );

	if ( 'save' === $context ) {
		// Convert  , non-breaking hyphen, &ndash, and &mdash to hyphens.
		$title = str_replace( array( '%c2%a0', '%e2%80%91', '%e2%80%93', '%e2%80%94' ), '-', $title );
		// Convert  , non-breaking hyphen, &ndash, and &mdash HTML entities to hyphens.
		$title = str_replace( array( ' ', '‑', ' ', '–', '–', '—', '—' ), '-', $title );
		// Convert forward slash to hyphen.
		$title = str_replace( '/', '-', $title );

		// Strip these characters entirely.
		$title = str_replace(
			array(
				// Soft hyphens.
				'%c2%ad',
				// ¡ and ¿.
				'%c2%a1',
				'%c2%bf',
				// Angle quotes.
				'%c2%ab',
				'%c2%bb',
				'%e2%80%b9',
				'%e2%80%ba',
				// Curly quotes.
				'%e2%80%98',
				'%e2%80%99',
				'%e2%80%9c',
				'%e2%80%9d',
				'%e2%80%9a',
				'%e2%80%9b',
				'%e2%80%9e',
				'%e2%80%9f',
				// Bullet.
				'%e2%80%a2',
				// ©, ®, °, &hellip, and &trade.
				'%c2%a9',
				'%c2%ae',
				'%c2%b0',
				'%e2%80%a6',
				'%e2%84%a2',
				// Acute accents.
				'%c2%b4',
				'%cb%8a',
				'%cc%81',
				'%cd%81',
				// Grave accent, macron, caron.
				'%cc%80',
				'%cc%84',
				'%cc%8c',
				// Non-visible characters that display without a width.
				'%e2%80%8b', // Zero width space.
				'%e2%80%8c', // Zero width non-joiner.
				'%e2%80%8d', // Zero width joiner.
				'%e2%80%8e', // Left-to-right mark.
				'%e2%80%8f', // Right-to-left mark.
				'%e2%80%aa', // Left-to-right embedding.
				'%e2%80%ab', // Right-to-left embedding.
				'%e2%80%ac', // Pop directional formatting.
				'%e2%80%ad', // Left-to-right override.
				'%e2%80%ae', // Right-to-left override.
				'%ef%bb%bf', // Byte order mark.
				'%ef%bf%bc', // Object replacement character.
			),
			'',
			$title
		);

		// Convert non-visible characters that display with a width to hyphen.
		$title = str_replace(
			array(
				'%e2%80%80', // En quad.
				'%e2%80%81', // Em quad.
				'%e2%80%82', // En space.
				'%e2%80%83', // Em space.
				'%e2%80%84', // Three-per-em space.
				'%e2%80%85', // Four-per-em space.
				'%e2%80%86', // Six-per-em space.
				'%e2%80%87', // Figure space.
				'%e2%80%88', // Punctuation space.
				'%e2%80%89', // Thin space.
				'%e2%80%8a', // Hair space.
				'%e2%80%a8', // Line separator.
				'%e2%80%a9', // Paragraph separator.
				'%e2%80%af', // Narrow no-break space.
			),
			'-',
			$title
		);

		// Convert × to 'x'.
		$title = str_replace( '%c3%97', 'x', $title );
	}

	// Remove HTML entities.
	$title = preg_replace( '/&.+?;/', '', $title );
	$title = str_replace( '.', '-', $title );

	$title = preg_replace( '/[^%a-z0-9 _-]/', '', $title );
	$title = preg_replace( '/\s+/', '-', $title );
	$title = preg_replace( '|-+|', '-', $title );
	$title = trim( $title, '-' );

	return $title;
}

/**
 * Ensures a string is a valid SQL 'order by' clause.
 *
 * Accepts one or more columns, with or without a sort order (ASC / DESC).
 * e.g. 'column_1', 'column_1, column_2', 'column_1 ASC, column_2 DESC' etc.
 *
 * Also accepts 'RAND()'.
 *
 * @since 2.5.1
 *
 * @param string $orderby Order by clause to be validated.
 * @return string|false Returns $orderby if valid, false otherwise.
 */
function sanitize_sql_orderby( $orderby ) {
	if ( preg_match( '/^\s*(([a-z0-9_]+|`[a-z0-9_]+`)(\s+(ASC|DESC))?\s*(,\s*(?=[a-z0-9_`])|$))+$/i', $orderby ) || preg_match( '/^\s*RAND\(\s*\)\s*$/i', $orderby ) ) {
		return $orderby;
	}
	return false;
}

/**
 * Sanitizes an HTML classname to ensure it only contains valid characters.
 *
 * Strips the string down to A-Z,a-z,0-9,_,-. If this results in an empty
 * string then it will return the alternative value supplied.
 *
 * @todo Expand to support the full range of CDATA that a class attribute can contain.
 *
 * @since 2.8.0
 *
 * @param string $classname The classname to be sanitized.
 * @param string $fallback  Optional. The value to return if the sanitization ends up as an empty string.
 *                          Default empty string.
 * @return string The sanitized value.
 */
function sanitize_html_class( $classname, $fallback = '' ) {
	// Strip out any percent-encoded characters.
	$sanitized = preg_replace( '|%[a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9]|', '', $classname );

	// Limit to A-Z, a-z, 0-9, '_', '-'.
	$sanitized = preg_replace( '/[^A-Za-z0-9_-]/', '', $sanitized );

	if ( '' === $sanitized && $fallback ) {
		return sanitize_html_class( $fallback );
	}
	/**
	 * Filters a sanitized HTML class string.
	 *
	 * @since 2.8.0
	 *
	 * @param string $sanitized The sanitized HTML class.
	 * @param string $classname HTML class before sanitization.
	 * @param string $fallback  The fallback string.
	 */
	return apply_filters( 'sanitize_html_class', $sanitized, $classname, $fallback );
}

/**
 * Strips out all characters not allowed in a locale name.
 *
 * @since 6.2.1
 *
 * @param string $locale_name The locale name to be sanitized.
 * @return string The sanitized value.
 */
function sanitize_locale_name( $locale_name ) {
	// Limit to A-Z, a-z, 0-9, '_', '-'.
	$sanitized = preg_replace( '/[^A-Za-z0-9_-]/', '', $locale_name );

	/**
	 * Filters a sanitized locale name string.
	 *
	 * @since 6.2.1
	 *
	 * @param string $sanitized   The sanitized locale name.
	 * @param string $locale_name The locale name before sanitization.
	 */
	return apply_filters( 'sanitize_locale_name', $sanitized, $locale_name );
}

/**
 * Converts lone & characters into `&` (a.k.a. `&`)
 *
 * @since 0.71
 *
 * @param string $content    String of characters to be converted.
 * @param string $deprecated Not used.
 * @return string Converted string.
 */
function convert_chars( $content, $deprecated = '' ) {
	if ( ! empty( $deprecated ) ) {
		_deprecated_argument( __FUNCTION__, '0.71' );
	}

	if ( str_contains( $content, '&' ) ) {
		$content = preg_replace( '/&([^#])(?![a-z1-4]{1,8};)/i', '&$1', $content );
	}

	return $content;
}

/**
 * Converts invalid Unicode references range to valid range.
 *
 * @since 4.3.0
 *
 * @param string $content String with entities that need converting.
 * @return string Converted string.
 */
function convert_invalid_entities( $content ) {
	$wp_htmltranswinuni = array(
		'€' => '€', // The Euro sign.
		'' => '',
		'‚' => '‚', // These are Windows CP1252 specific characters.
		'ƒ' => 'ƒ',  // They would look weird on non-Windows browsers.
		'„' => '„',
		'…' => '…',
		'†' => '†',
		'‡' => '‡',
		'ˆ' => 'ˆ',
		'‰' => '‰',
		'Š' => 'Š',
		'‹' => '‹',
		'Œ' => 'Œ',
		'' => '',
		'Ž' => 'Ž',
		'' => '',
		'' => '',
		'‘' => '‘',
		'’' => '’',
		'“' => '“',
		'”' => '”',
		'•' => '•',
		'–' => '–',
		'—' => '—',
		'˜' => '˜',
		'™' => '™',
		'š' => 'š',
		'›' => '›',
		'œ' => 'œ',
		'' => '',
		'ž' => 'ž',
		'Ÿ' => 'Ÿ',
	);

	if ( str_contains( $content, '' ) ) {
		$content = strtr( $content, $wp_htmltranswinuni );
	}

	return $content;
}

/**
 * Balances tags if forced to, or if the 'use_balanceTags' option is set to true.
 *
 * @since 0.71
 *
 * @param string $text  Text to be balanced.
 * @param bool   $force If true, forces balancing, ignoring the value of the option. Default false.
 * @return string Balanced text.
 */
function balanceTags( $text, $force = false ) {  // phpcs:ignore WordPress.NamingConventions.ValidFunctionName.FunctionNameInvalid
	if ( $force || 1 === (int) get_option( 'use_balanceTags' ) ) {
		return force_balance_tags( $text );
	} else {
		return $text;
	}
}

/**
 * Balances tags of string using a modified stack.
 *
 * {@internal Modified by Scott Reilly (coffee2code) 02 Aug 2004
 *      1.1  Fixed handling of append/stack pop order of end text
 *           Added Cleaning Hooks
 *      1.0  First Version}
 *
 * @since 2.0.4
 * @since 5.3.0 Improve accuracy and add support for custom element tags.
 *
 * @author Leonard Lin 
 * @license GPL
 * @copyright November 4, 2001
 * @version 1.1
 * @todo Make better - change loop condition to $text in 1.2
 *
 * @param string $text Text to be balanced.
 * @return string Balanced text.
 */
function force_balance_tags( $text ) {
	$tagstack  = array();
	$stacksize = 0;
	$tagqueue  = '';
	$newtext   = '';
	// Known single-entity/self-closing tags.
	$single_tags = array( 'area', 'base', 'basefont', 'br', 'col', 'command', 'embed', 'frame', 'hr', 'img', 'input', 'isindex', 'link', 'meta', 'param', 'source', 'track', 'wbr' );
	// Tags that can be immediately nested within themselves.
	$nestable_tags = array( 'article', 'aside', 'blockquote', 'details', 'div', 'figure', 'object', 'q', 'section', 'span' );

	// WP bug fix for comments - in case you REALLY meant to type '< !--'.
	$text = str_replace( '< !--', '<    !--', $text );
	// WP bug fix for LOVE <3 (and other situations with '<' before a number).
	$text = preg_replace( '#<([0-9]{1})#', '<$1', $text );

	/**
	 * Matches supported tags.
	 *
	 * To get the pattern as a string without the comments paste into a PHP
	 * REPL like `php -a`.
	 *
	 * @see https://html.spec.whatwg.org/#elements-2
	 * @see https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/custom-elements.html#valid-custom-element-name
	 *
	 * @example
	 * ~# php -a
	 * php > $s = [paste copied contents of expression below including parentheses];
	 * php > echo $s;
	 */
	$tag_pattern = (
		'#<' . // Start with an opening bracket.
		'(/?)' . // Group 1 - If it's a closing tag it'll have a leading slash.
		'(' . // Group 2 - Tag name.
			// Custom element tags have more lenient rules than HTML tag names.
			'(?:[a-z](?:[a-z0-9._]*)-(?:[a-z0-9._-]+)+)' .
				'|' .
			// Traditional tag rules approximate HTML tag names.
			'(?:[\w:]+)' .
		')' .
		'(?:' .
			// We either immediately close the tag with its '>' and have nothing here.
			'\s*' .
			'(/?)' . // Group 3 - "attributes" for empty tag.
				'|' .
			// Or we must start with space characters to separate the tag name from the attributes (or whitespace).
			'(\s+)' . // Group 4 - Pre-attribute whitespace.
			'([^>]*)' . // Group 5 - Attributes.
		')' .
		'>#' // End with a closing bracket.
	);

	while ( preg_match( $tag_pattern, $text, $regex ) ) {
		$full_match        = $regex[0];
		$has_leading_slash = ! empty( $regex[1] );
		$tag_name          = $regex[2];
		$tag               = strtolower( $tag_name );
		$is_single_tag     = in_array( $tag, $single_tags, true );
		$pre_attribute_ws  = $regex[4] ?? '';
		$attributes        = trim( $regex[5] ?? $regex[3] );
		$has_self_closer   = str_ends_with( $attributes, '/' );

		$newtext .= $tagqueue;

		$i = strpos( $text, $full_match );
		$l = strlen( $full_match );

		// Clear the shifter.
		$tagqueue = '';
		if ( $has_leading_slash ) { // End tag.
			// If too many closing tags.
			if ( $stacksize <= 0 ) {
				$tag = '';
				// Or close to be safe $tag = '/' . $tag.

				// If stacktop value = tag close value, then pop.
			} elseif ( $tagstack[ $stacksize - 1 ] === $tag ) { // Found closing tag.
				$tag = ''; // Close tag.
				array_pop( $tagstack );
				--$stacksize;
			} else { // Closing tag not at top, search for it.
				for ( $j = $stacksize - 1; $j >= 0; $j-- ) {
					if ( $tagstack[ $j ] === $tag ) {
						// Add tag to tagqueue.
						for ( $k = $stacksize - 1; $k >= $j; $k-- ) {
							$tagqueue .= '';
							--$stacksize;
						}
						break;
					}
				}
				$tag = '';
			}
		} else { // Begin tag.
			if ( $has_self_closer ) {
				/*
				 * If it presents itself as a self-closing tag, but it isn't a known single-entity self-closing tag,
				 * then don't let it be treated as such and immediately close it with a closing tag.
				 * The tag will encapsulate no text as a result.
				 */
				if ( ! $is_single_tag ) {
					$attributes = trim( substr( $attributes, 0, -1 ) ) . "> 0 && ! in_array( $tag, $nestable_tags, true ) && $tagstack[ $stacksize - 1 ] === $tag ) {
					$tagqueue = '';
					--$stacksize;
				}
				$stacksize = array_push( $tagstack, $tag );
			}

			// Attributes.
			if ( $has_self_closer && $is_single_tag ) {
				// We need some space - avoid 
     and prefer 
    .
				$pre_attribute_ws = ' ';
			}

			$tag = '<' . $tag . $pre_attribute_ws . $attributes . '>';
			// If already queuing a close tag, then put this tag on too.
			if ( ! empty( $tagqueue ) ) {
				$tagqueue .= $tag;
				$tag       = '';
			}
		}
		$newtext .= substr( $text, 0, $i ) . $tag;
		$text     = substr( $text, $i + $l );
	}

	// Clear tag queue.
	$newtext .= $tagqueue;

	// Add remaining text.
	$newtext .= $text;

	while ( $x = array_pop( $tagstack ) ) {
		$newtext .= ''; // Add remaining tags to close.
	}

	// WP fix for the bug with HTML comments.
	$newtext = str_replace( '< !--', ' ' ) );

	// Collapse line breaks before and after ', $text );
	}

	/*
	 * Collapse line breaks inside  elements, before  and  elements
	 * so they don't get autop'd.
	 */
	if ( str_contains( $text, '' ) ) {
		$text = preg_replace( '|(]*>)\s*|', '$1', $text );
		$text = preg_replace( '|\s*|', '', $text );
		$text = preg_replace( '%\s*(]*>)\s*%', '$1', $text );
	}

	/*
	 * Collapse line breaks inside  and  elements,
	 * before and after  and  elements.
	 */
	if ( str_contains( $text, '\]]*[>\]])\s*%', '$1', $text );
		$text = preg_replace( '%\s*([<\[]/(?:audio|video)[>\]])%', '$1', $text );
		$text = preg_replace( '%\s*(<(?:source|track)[^>]*>)\s*%', '$1', $text );
	}

	// Collapse line breaks before and after 
     elements.
	if ( str_contains( $text, ']*>)|', '$1', $text );
		$text = preg_replace( '|
    \s*|', '', $text );
	}

	// Remove more than two contiguous line breaks.
	$text = preg_replace( "/\n\n+/", "\n\n", $text );

	// Split up the contents into an array of strings, separated by double line breaks.
	$paragraphs = preg_split( '/\n\s*\n/', $text, -1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY );

	// Reset $text prior to rebuilding.
	$text = '';

	// Rebuild the content as a string, wrapping every bit with a 
    .
	foreach ( $paragraphs as $paragraph ) {
		$text .= '
    ' . trim( $paragraph, "\n" ) . "
    \n";
	}

	// Under certain strange conditions it could create a P of entirely whitespace.
	$text = preg_replace( '|
    \s*
    |', '', $text );

	// Add a closing 
     inside 
    , 
    , or  tag if missing.
	$text = preg_replace( '!
    ([^<]+)!', '
    $1
    ', $text );

	// If an opening or closing block element tag is wrapped in a 
    , unwrap it.
	$text = preg_replace( '!
    \s*(]*>)\s*
    !', '$1', $text );

	// In some cases 
  •  may get wrapped in 
    , fix them.
	$text = preg_replace( '|
    (|', '$1', $text );

	// If a 
     is wrapped with a 
    , move it inside the 
    .
	$text = preg_replace( '|
    ]*)>|i', '
    ', $text );
	$text = str_replace( '
    ', '
    ', $text );

	// If an opening or closing block element tag is preceded by an opening 
     tag, remove it.
	$text = preg_replace( '!
    \s*(]*>)!', '$1', $text );

	// If an opening or closing block element tag is followed by a closing 
     tag, remove it.
	$text = preg_replace( '!(]*>)\s*
    !', '$1', $text );

	// Optionally insert line breaks.
	if ( $br ) {
		// Replace newlines that shouldn't be touched with a placeholder.
		$text = preg_replace_callback( '/<(script|style|svg|math).*?<\/\\1>/s', '_autop_newline_preservation_helper', $text );

		// Normalize 
    .
		$text = str_replace( array( '
    ', '
    ' ), '
    ', $text );

		// Replace any new line characters that aren't preceded by a 
     with a 
    .
		$text = preg_replace( '|(?)\s*\n|', "
    \n", $text );

		// Replace newline placeholders with newlines.
		$text = str_replace( '', "\n", $text );
	}

	// If a 
     tag is after an opening or closing block tag, remove it.
	$text = preg_replace( '!(]*>)\s*
    !', '$1', $text );

	// If a 
     tag is before a subset of opening or closing block tags, remove it.
	$text = preg_replace( '!
    (\s*]*>)!', '$1', $text );
	$text = preg_replace( "|\n
    $|", '
    ', $text );

	// Replace placeholder 
     tags with their original content.
	if ( ! empty( $pre_tags ) ) {
		$text = str_replace( array_keys( $pre_tags ), array_values( $pre_tags ), $text );
	}

	// Restore newlines in all elements.
	if ( str_contains( $text, '' ) ) {
		$text = str_replace( array( '  ', '' ), "\n", $text );
	}

	return $text;
}

/**
 * Separates HTML elements and comments from the text.
 *
 * @since 4.2.4
 *
 * @param string $input The text which has to be formatted.
 * @return string[] Array of the formatted text.
 */
function wp_html_split( $input ) {
	return preg_split( get_html_split_regex(), $input, -1, PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE );
}

/**
 * Retrieves the regular expression for an HTML element.
 *
 * @since 4.4.0
 *
 * @return string The regular expression.
 */
function get_html_split_regex() {
	static $regex;

	if ( ! isset( $regex ) ) {
		// phpcs:disable Squiz.Strings.ConcatenationSpacing.PaddingFound -- don't remove regex indentation
		$comments =
			'!'             // Start of comment, after the <.
			. '(?:'         // Unroll the loop: Consume everything until --> is found.
			.     '-(?!->)' // Dash not followed by end of comment.
			.     '[^\-]*+' // Consume non-dashes.
			. ')*+'         // Loop possessively.
			. '(?:-->)?';   // End of comment. If not found, match all input.

		$cdata =
			'!\[CDATA\['    // Start of comment, after the <.
			. '[^\]]*+'     // Consume non-].
			. '(?:'         // Unroll the loop: Consume everything until ]]> is found.
			.     '](?!]>)' // One ] not followed by end of comment.
			.     '[^\]]*+' // Consume non-].
			. ')*+'         // Loop possessively.
			. '(?:]]>)?';   // End of comment. If not found, match all input.

		$escaped =
			'(?='             // Is the element escaped?
			.    '!--'
			. '|'
			.    '!\[CDATA\['
			. ')'
			. '(?(?=!-)'      // If yes, which type?
			.     $comments
			. '|'
			.     $cdata
			. ')';

		$regex =
			'/('                // Capture the entire match.
			.     '<'           // Find start of element.
			.     '(?'          // Conditional expression follows.
			.         $escaped  // Find end of escaped element.
			.     '|'           // ...else...
			.         '[^>]*>?' // Find end of normal element.
			.     ')'
			. ')/';
		// phpcs:enable
	}

	return $regex;
}

/**
 * Retrieves the combined regular expression for HTML and shortcodes.
 *
 * @access private
 * @ignore
 * @internal This function will be removed in 4.5.0 per Shortcode API Roadmap.
 * @since 4.4.0
 *
 * @param string $shortcode_regex Optional. The result from _get_wptexturize_shortcode_regex().
 * @return string The regular expression.
 */
function _get_wptexturize_split_regex( $shortcode_regex = '' ) {
	static $html_regex;

	if ( ! isset( $html_regex ) ) {
		// phpcs:disable Squiz.Strings.ConcatenationSpacing.PaddingFound -- don't remove regex indentation
		$comment_regex =
			'!'             // Start of comment, after the <.
			. '(?:'         // Unroll the loop: Consume everything until --> is found.
			.     '-(?!->)' // Dash not followed by end of comment.
			.     '[^\-]*+' // Consume non-dashes.
			. ')*+'         // Loop possessively.
			. '(?:-->)?';   // End of comment. If not found, match all input.

		$html_regex = // Needs replaced with wp_html_split() per Shortcode API Roadmap.
			'<'                  // Find start of element.
			. '(?(?=!--)'        // Is this a comment?
			.     $comment_regex // Find end of comment.
			. '|'
			.     '[^>]*>?'      // Find end of element. If not found, match all input.
			. ')';
		// phpcs:enable
	}

	if ( empty( $shortcode_regex ) ) {
		$regex = '/(' . $html_regex . ')/';
	} else {
		$regex = '/(' . $html_regex . '|' . $shortcode_regex . ')/';
	}

	return $regex;
}

/**
 * Retrieves the regular expression for shortcodes.
 *
 * @access private
 * @ignore
 * @since 4.4.0
 *
 * @param string[] $tagnames Array of shortcodes to find.
 * @return string The regular expression.
 */
function _get_wptexturize_shortcode_regex( $tagnames ) {
	$tagregexp = implode( '|', array_map( 'preg_quote', $tagnames ) );
	$tagregexp = "(?:$tagregexp)(?=[\\s\\]\\/])"; // Excerpt of get_shortcode_regex().
	// phpcs:disable Squiz.Strings.ConcatenationSpacing.PaddingFound -- don't remove regex indentation
	$regex =
		'\['                // Find start of shortcode.
		. '[\/\[]?'         // Shortcodes may begin with [/ or [[.
		. $tagregexp        // Only match registered shortcodes, because performance.
		. '(?:'
		.     '[^\[\]<>]+'  // Shortcodes do not contain other shortcodes. Quantifier critical.
		. '|'
		.     '<[^\[\]>]*>' // HTML elements permitted. Prevents matching ] before >.
		. ')*+'             // Possessive critical.
		. '\]'              // Find end of shortcode.
		. '\]?';            // Shortcodes may end with ]].
	// phpcs:enable

	return $regex;
}

/**
 * Replaces characters or phrases within HTML elements only.
 *
 * @since 4.2.3
 *
 * @param string $haystack      The text which has to be formatted.
 * @param array  $replace_pairs In the form array('from' => 'to', ...).
 * @return string The formatted text.
 */
function wp_replace_in_html_tags( $haystack, $replace_pairs ) {
	// Find all elements.
	$textarr = wp_html_split( $haystack );
	$changed = false;

	// Optimize when searching for one item.
	if ( 1 === count( $replace_pairs ) ) {
		// Extract $needle and $replace.
		$needle  = array_key_first( $replace_pairs );
		$replace = $replace_pairs[ $needle ];

		// Loop through delimiters (elements) only.
		for ( $i = 1, $c = count( $textarr ); $i < $c; $i += 2 ) {
			if ( str_contains( $textarr[ $i ], $needle ) ) {
				$textarr[ $i ] = str_replace( $needle, $replace, $textarr[ $i ] );
				$changed       = true;
			}
		}
	} else {
		// Extract all $needles.
		$needles = array_keys( $replace_pairs );

		// Loop through delimiters (elements) only.
		for ( $i = 1, $c = count( $textarr ); $i < $c; $i += 2 ) {
			foreach ( $needles as $needle ) {
				if ( str_contains( $textarr[ $i ], $needle ) ) {
					$textarr[ $i ] = strtr( $textarr[ $i ], $replace_pairs );
					$changed       = true;
					// After one strtr() break out of the foreach loop and look at next element.
					break;
				}
			}
		}
	}

	if ( $changed ) {
		$haystack = implode( $textarr );
	}

	return $haystack;
}

/**
 * Newline preservation help function for wpautop().
 *
 * @since 3.1.0
 * @access private
 *
 * @param array $matches preg_replace_callback matches array
 * @return string Text with newlines replaced with placeholders.
 */
function _autop_newline_preservation_helper( $matches ) {
	return str_replace( "\n", '', $matches[0] );
}

/**
 * Don't auto-p wrap shortcodes that stand alone.
 *
 * Ensures that shortcodes are not wrapped in `
    ...
    `.
 *
 * @since 2.9.0
 *
 * @global array $shortcode_tags
 *
 * @param string $text The content.
 * @return string The filtered content.
 */
function shortcode_unautop( $text ) {
	global $shortcode_tags;

	if ( empty( $shortcode_tags ) || ! is_array( $shortcode_tags ) ) {
		return $text;
	}

	$tagregexp = implode( '|', array_map( 'preg_quote', array_keys( $shortcode_tags ) ) );
	$spaces    = wp_spaces_regexp();

	// phpcs:disable Squiz.Strings.ConcatenationSpacing.PaddingFound,Universal.WhiteSpace.PrecisionAlignment.Found -- don't remove regex indentation
	$pattern =
		'/'
		. '
    '                              // Opening paragraph.
		. '(?:' . $spaces . ')*+'            // Optional leading whitespace.
		. '('                                // 1: The shortcode.
		.     '\\['                          // Opening bracket.
		.     "($tagregexp)"                 // 2: Shortcode name.
		.     '(?![\\w-])'                   // Not followed by word character or hyphen.
											 // Unroll the loop: Inside the opening shortcode tag.
		.     '[^\\]\\/]*'                   // Not a closing bracket or forward slash.
		.     '(?:'
		.         '\\/(?!\\])'               // A forward slash not followed by a closing bracket.
		.         '[^\\]\\/]*'               // Not a closing bracket or forward slash.
		.     ')*?'
		.     '(?:'
		.         '\\/\\]'                   // Self closing tag and closing bracket.
		.     '|'
		.         '\\]'                      // Closing bracket.
		.         '(?:'                      // Unroll the loop: Optionally, anything between the opening and closing shortcode tags.
		.             '[^\\[]*+'             // Not an opening bracket.
		.             '(?:'
		.                 '\\[(?!\\/\\2\\])' // An opening bracket not followed by the closing shortcode tag.
		.                 '[^\\[]*+'         // Not an opening bracket.
		.             ')*+'
		.             '\\[\\/\\2\\]'         // Closing shortcode tag.
		.         ')?'
		.     ')'
		. ')'
		. '(?:' . $spaces . ')*+'            // Optional trailing whitespace.
		. '<\\/p>'                           // Closing paragraph.
		. '/';
	// phpcs:enable

	return preg_replace( $pattern, '$1', $text );
}

/**
 * Checks to see if a string is utf8 encoded.
 *
 * NOTE: This function checks for 5-Byte sequences, UTF8
 *       has Bytes Sequences with a maximum length of 4.
 *
 * @author bmorel at ssi dot fr (modified)
 * @since 1.2.1
 * @deprecated 6.9.0 Use {@see wp_is_valid_utf8()} instead.
 *
 * @param string $str The string to be checked.
 * @return bool True if $str fits a UTF-8 model, false otherwise.
 */
function seems_utf8( $str ) {
	_deprecated_function( __FUNCTION__, '6.9.0', 'wp_is_valid_utf8()' );

	mbstring_binary_safe_encoding();
	$length = strlen( $str );
	reset_mbstring_encoding();

	for ( $i = 0; $i < $length; $i++ ) {
		$c = ord( $str[ $i ] );

		if ( $c < 0x80 ) {
			$n = 0; // 0bbbbbbb
		} elseif ( ( $c & 0xE0 ) === 0xC0 ) {
			$n = 1; // 110bbbbb
		} elseif ( ( $c & 0xF0 ) === 0xE0 ) {
			$n = 2; // 1110bbbb
		} elseif ( ( $c & 0xF8 ) === 0xF0 ) {
			$n = 3; // 11110bbb
		} elseif ( ( $c & 0xFC ) === 0xF8 ) {
			$n = 4; // 111110bb
		} elseif ( ( $c & 0xFE ) === 0xFC ) {
			$n = 5; // 1111110b
		} else {
			return false; // Does not match any model.
		}

		for ( $j = 0; $j < $n; $j++ ) { // n bytes matching 10bbbbbb follow?
			if ( ( ++$i === $length ) || ( ( ord( $str[ $i ] ) & 0xC0 ) !== 0x80 ) ) {
				return false;
			}
		}
	}

	return true;
}

/**
 * Converts a number of special characters into their HTML entities.
 *
 * Specifically deals with: `&`, `<`, `>`, `"`, and `'`.
 *
 * `$quote_style` can be set to ENT_COMPAT to encode `"` to
 * `"`, or ENT_QUOTES to do both. Default is ENT_NOQUOTES where no quotes are encoded.
 *
 * @since 1.2.2
 * @since 5.5.0 `$quote_style` also accepts `ENT_XML1`.
 * @access private
 *
 * @param string       $text          The text which is to be encoded.
 * @param int|string   $quote_style   Optional. Converts double quotes if set to ENT_COMPAT,
 *                                    both single and double if set to ENT_QUOTES or none if set to ENT_NOQUOTES.
 *                                    Converts single and double quotes, as well as converting HTML
 *                                    named entities (that are not also XML named entities) to their
 *                                    code points if set to ENT_XML1. Also compatible with old values;
 *                                    converting single quotes if set to 'single',
 *                                    double if set to 'double' or both if otherwise set.
 *                                    Default is ENT_NOQUOTES.
 * @param false|string $charset       Optional. The character encoding of the string. Default false.
 * @param bool         $double_encode Optional. Whether to encode existing HTML entities. Default false.
 * @return string The encoded text with HTML entities.
 */
function _wp_specialchars( $text, $quote_style = ENT_NOQUOTES, $charset = false, $double_encode = false ) {
	$text = (string) $text;

	if ( 0 === strlen( $text ) ) {
		return '';
	}

	// Don't bother if there are no specialchars - saves some processing.
	if ( ! preg_match( '/[&<>"\']/', $text ) ) {
		return $text;
	}

	// Account for the previous behavior of the function when the $quote_style is not an accepted value.
	if ( empty( $quote_style ) ) {
		$quote_style = ENT_NOQUOTES;
	} elseif ( ENT_XML1 === $quote_style ) {
		$quote_style = ENT_QUOTES | ENT_XML1;
	} elseif ( ! in_array( $quote_style, array( ENT_NOQUOTES, ENT_COMPAT, ENT_QUOTES, 'single', 'double' ), true ) ) {
		$quote_style = ENT_QUOTES;
	}

	$charset = _canonical_charset( $charset ? $charset : get_option( 'blog_charset' ) );

	$_quote_style = $quote_style;

	if ( 'double' === $quote_style ) {
		$quote_style  = ENT_COMPAT;
		$_quote_style = ENT_COMPAT;
	} elseif ( 'single' === $quote_style ) {
		$quote_style = ENT_NOQUOTES;
	}

	if ( ! $double_encode ) {
		/*
		 * Guarantee every &entity; is valid, convert &garbage; into &garbage;
		 * This is required for PHP < 5.4.0 because ENT_HTML401 flag is unavailable.
		 */
		$text = wp_kses_normalize_entities( $text, ( $quote_style & ENT_XML1 ) ? 'xml' : 'html' );
	}

	$text = htmlspecialchars( $text, $quote_style, $charset, $double_encode );

	// Back-compat.
	if ( 'single' === $_quote_style ) {
		$text = str_replace( "'", ''', $text );
	}

	return $text;
}

/**
 * Converts a number of HTML entities into their special characters.
 *
 * Specifically deals with: `&`, `<`, `>`, `"`, and `'`.
 *
 * `$quote_style` can be set to ENT_COMPAT to decode `"` entities,
 * or ENT_QUOTES to do both `"` and `'`. Default is ENT_NOQUOTES where no quotes are decoded.
 *
 * @since 2.8.0
 *
 * @param string     $text        The text which is to be decoded.
 * @param string|int $quote_style Optional. Converts double quotes if set to ENT_COMPAT,
 *                                both single and double if set to ENT_QUOTES or
 *                                none if set to ENT_NOQUOTES.
 *                                Also compatible with old _wp_specialchars() values;
 *                                converting single quotes if set to 'single',
 *                                double if set to 'double' or both if otherwise set.
 *                                Default is ENT_NOQUOTES.
 * @return string The decoded text without HTML entities.
 */
function wp_specialchars_decode( $text, $quote_style = ENT_NOQUOTES ) {
	$text = (string) $text;

	if ( 0 === strlen( $text ) ) {
		return '';
	}

	// Don't bother if there are no entities - saves a lot of processing.
	if ( ! str_contains( $text, '&' ) ) {
		return $text;
	}

	// Match the previous behavior of _wp_specialchars() when the $quote_style is not an accepted value.
	if ( empty( $quote_style ) ) {
		$quote_style = ENT_NOQUOTES;
	} elseif ( ! in_array( $quote_style, array( 0, 2, 3, 'single', 'double' ), true ) ) {
		$quote_style = ENT_QUOTES;
	}

	// More complete than get_html_translation_table( HTML_SPECIALCHARS ).
	$single      = array(
		''' => '\'',
		''' => '\'',
	);
	$single_preg = array(
		'/�*39;/'   => ''',
		'/�*27;/i' => ''',
	);
	$double      = array(
		'"' => '"',
		'"' => '"',
		'"' => '"',
	);
	$double_preg = array(
		'/�*34;/'   => '"',
		'/�*22;/i' => '"',
	);
	$others      = array(
		'<'   => '<',
		'<' => '<',
		'>'   => '>',
		'>' => '>',
		'&'  => '&',
		'&' => '&',
		'&' => '&',
	);
	$others_preg = array(
		'/�*60;/'   => '<',
		'/�*62;/'   => '>',
		'/�*38;/'   => '&',
		'/�*26;/i' => '&',
	);

	if ( ENT_QUOTES === $quote_style ) {
		$translation      = array_merge( $single, $double, $others );
		$translation_preg = array_merge( $single_preg, $double_preg, $others_preg );
	} elseif ( ENT_COMPAT === $quote_style || 'double' === $quote_style ) {
		$translation      = array_merge( $double, $others );
		$translation_preg = array_merge( $double_preg, $others_preg );
	} elseif ( 'single' === $quote_style ) {
		$translation      = array_merge( $single, $others );
		$translation_preg = array_merge( $single_preg, $others_preg );
	} elseif ( ENT_NOQUOTES === $quote_style ) {
		$translation      = $others;
		$translation_preg = $others_preg;
	}

	// Remove zero padding on numeric entities.
	$text = preg_replace( array_keys( $translation_preg ), array_values( $translation_preg ), $text );

	// Replace characters according to translation table.
	return strtr( $text, $translation );
}

/**
 * Checks for invalid UTF8 in a string.
 *
 * Note! This function only performs its work if the `blog_charset` is set
 * to UTF-8. For all other values it returns the input text unchanged.
 *
 * Note! Unless requested, this returns an empty string if the input contains
 * any sequences of invalid UTF-8. To replace invalid byte sequences, pass
 * `true` as the optional `$strip` parameter.
 *
 * Consider using {@see wp_scrub_utf8()} instead which does not depend on
 * the value of `blog_charset`.
 *
 * Example:
 *
 *     // The `blog_charset` is `latin1`, so this returns the input unchanged.
 *     $every_possible_input === wp_check_invalid_utf8( $every_possible_input );
 *
 *     // Valid strings come through unchanged.
 *     'test' === wp_check_invalid_utf8( 'test' );
 *
 *     $invalid = "the byte \xC0 is never allowed in a UTF-8 string.";
 *
 *     // Invalid strings are rejected outright.
 *     '' === wp_check_invalid_utf8( $invalid );
 *
 *     // “Stripping” invalid sequences produces the replacement character instead.
 *     "the byte \u{FFFD} is never allowed in a UTF-8 string." === wp_check_invalid_utf8( $invalid, true );
 *     'the byte � is never allowed in a UTF-8 string.' === wp_check_invalid_utf8( $invalid, true );
 *
 * @since 2.8.0
 * @since 6.9.0 Stripping replaces invalid byte sequences with the Unicode replacement character U+FFFD (�).
 *
 * @param string $text   String which is expected to be encoded as UTF-8 unless `blog_charset` is another encoding.
 * @param bool   $strip  Optional. Whether to replace invalid sequences of bytes with the Unicode replacement
 *                       character (U+FFFD `�`). Default `false` returns an empty string for invalid UTF-8 inputs.
 * @return string The checked text.
 */
function wp_check_invalid_utf8( $text, $strip = false ) {
	$text = (string) $text;

	if ( 0 === strlen( $text ) ) {
		return '';
	}

	// Store the site charset as a static to avoid multiple calls to get_option().
	static $is_utf8 = null;
	if ( ! isset( $is_utf8 ) ) {
		$is_utf8 = is_utf8_charset();
	}

	if ( ! $is_utf8 || wp_is_valid_utf8( $text ) ) {
		return $text;
	}

	return $strip
		? wp_scrub_utf8( $text )
		: '';
}

/**
 * Encodes the Unicode values to be used in the URI.
 *
 * @since 1.5.0
 * @since 5.8.3 Added the `encode_ascii_characters` parameter.
 *
 * @param string $utf8_string             String to encode.
 * @param int    $length                  Max length of the string.
 * @param bool   $encode_ascii_characters Whether to encode ascii characters such as < " '
 * @return string String with Unicode encoded for URI.
 */
function utf8_uri_encode( $utf8_string, $length = 0, $encode_ascii_characters = false ) {
	$unicode        = '';
	$values         = array();
	$num_octets     = 1;
	$unicode_length = 0;

	mbstring_binary_safe_encoding();
	$string_length = strlen( $utf8_string );
	reset_mbstring_encoding();

	for ( $i = 0; $i < $string_length; $i++ ) {

		$value = ord( $utf8_string[ $i ] );

		if ( $value < 128 ) {
			$char                = chr( $value );
			$encoded_char        = $encode_ascii_characters ? rawurlencode( $char ) : $char;
			$encoded_char_length = strlen( $encoded_char );
			if ( $length && ( $unicode_length + $encoded_char_length ) > $length ) {
				break;
			}
			$unicode        .= $encoded_char;
			$unicode_length += $encoded_char_length;
		} else {
			if ( 0 === count( $values ) ) {
				if ( $value < 224 ) {
					$num_octets = 2;
				} elseif ( $value < 240 ) {
					$num_octets = 3;
				} else {
					$num_octets = 4;
				}
			}

			$values[] = $value;

			if ( $length && ( $unicode_length + ( $num_octets * 3 ) ) > $length ) {
				break;
			}
			if ( count( $values ) === $num_octets ) {
				for ( $j = 0; $j < $num_octets; $j++ ) {
					$unicode .= '%' . dechex( $values[ $j ] );
				}

				$unicode_length += $num_octets * 3;

				$values     = array();
				$num_octets = 1;
			}
		}
	}

	return $unicode;
}

/**
 * Converts all accent characters to ASCII characters.
 *
 * If there are no accent characters, then the string given is just returned.
 *
 * **Accent characters converted:**
 *
 * Currency signs:
 *
 * |   Code   | Glyph | Replacement |     Description     |
 * | -------- | ----- | ----------- | ------------------- |
 * | U+00A3   | £     | (empty)     | British Pound sign  |
 * | U+20AC   | €     | E           | Euro sign           |
 *
 * Decompositions for Latin-1 Supplement:
 *
 * |  Code   | Glyph | Replacement |               Description              |
 * | ------- | ----- | ----------- | -------------------------------------- |
 * | U+00AA  | ª     | a           | Feminine ordinal indicator             |
 * | U+00BA  | º     | o           | Masculine ordinal indicator            |
 * | U+00C0  | À     | A           | Latin capital letter A with grave      |
 * | U+00C1  | Á     | A           | Latin capital letter A with acute      |
 * | U+00C2  | Â     | A           | Latin capital letter A with circumflex |
 * | U+00C3  | Ã     | A           | Latin capital letter A with tilde      |
 * | U+00C4  | Ä     | A           | Latin capital letter A with diaeresis  |
 * | U+00C5  | Å     | A           | Latin capital letter A with ring above |
 * | U+00C6  | Æ     | AE          | Latin capital letter AE                |
 * | U+00C7  | Ç     | C           | Latin capital letter C with cedilla    |
 * | U+00C8  | È     | E           | Latin capital letter E with grave      |
 * | U+00C9  | É     | E           | Latin capital letter E with acute      |
 * | U+00CA  | Ê     | E           | Latin capital letter E with circumflex |
 * | U+00CB  | Ë     | E           | Latin capital letter E with diaeresis  |
 * | U+00CC  | Ì     | I           | Latin capital letter I with grave      |
 * | U+00CD  | Í     | I           | Latin capital letter I with acute      |
 * | U+00CE  | Î     | I           | Latin capital letter I with circumflex |
 * | U+00CF  | Ï     | I           | Latin capital letter I with diaeresis  |
 * | U+00D0  | Ð     | D           | Latin capital letter Eth               |
 * | U+00D1  | Ñ     | N           | Latin capital letter N with tilde      |
 * | U+00D2  | Ò     | O           | Latin capital letter O with grave      |
 * | U+00D3  | Ó     | O           | Latin capital letter O with acute      |
 * | U+00D4  | Ô     | O           | Latin capital letter O with circumflex |
 * | U+00D5  | Õ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with tilde      |
 * | U+00D6  | Ö     | O           | Latin capital letter O with diaeresis  |
 * | U+00D8  | Ø     | O           | Latin capital letter O with stroke     |
 * | U+00D9  | Ù     | U           | Latin capital letter U with grave      |
 * | U+00DA  | Ú     | U           | Latin capital letter U with acute      |
 * | U+00DB  | Û     | U           | Latin capital letter U with circumflex |
 * | U+00DC  | Ü     | U           | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis  |
 * | U+00DD  | Ý     | Y           | Latin capital letter Y with acute      |
 * | U+00DE  | Þ     | TH          | Latin capital letter Thorn             |
 * | U+00DF  | ß     | s           | Latin small letter sharp s             |
 * | U+00E0  | à     | a           | Latin small letter a with grave        |
 * | U+00E1  | á     | a           | Latin small letter a with acute        |
 * | U+00E2  | â     | a           | Latin small letter a with circumflex   |
 * | U+00E3  | ã     | a           | Latin small letter a with tilde        |
 * | U+00E4  | ä     | a           | Latin small letter a with diaeresis    |
 * | U+00E5  | å     | a           | Latin small letter a with ring above   |
 * | U+00E6  | æ     | ae          | Latin small letter ae                  |
 * | U+00E7  | ç     | c           | Latin small letter c with cedilla      |
 * | U+00E8  | è     | e           | Latin small letter e with grave        |
 * | U+00E9  | é     | e           | Latin small letter e with acute        |
 * | U+00EA  | ê     | e           | Latin small letter e with circumflex   |
 * | U+00EB  | ë     | e           | Latin small letter e with diaeresis    |
 * | U+00EC  | ì     | i           | Latin small letter i with grave        |
 * | U+00ED  | í     | i           | Latin small letter i with acute        |
 * | U+00EE  | î     | i           | Latin small letter i with circumflex   |
 * | U+00EF  | ï     | i           | Latin small letter i with diaeresis    |
 * | U+00F0  | ð     | d           | Latin small letter Eth                 |
 * | U+00F1  | ñ     | n           | Latin small letter n with tilde        |
 * | U+00F2  | ò     | o           | Latin small letter o with grave        |
 * | U+00F3  | ó     | o           | Latin small letter o with acute        |
 * | U+00F4  | ô     | o           | Latin small letter o with circumflex   |
 * | U+00F5  | õ     | o           | Latin small letter o with tilde        |
 * | U+00F6  | ö     | o           | Latin small letter o with diaeresis    |
 * | U+00F8  | ø     | o           | Latin small letter o with stroke       |
 * | U+00F9  | ù     | u           | Latin small letter u with grave        |
 * | U+00FA  | ú     | u           | Latin small letter u with acute        |
 * | U+00FB  | û     | u           | Latin small letter u with circumflex   |
 * | U+00FC  | ü     | u           | Latin small letter u with diaeresis    |
 * | U+00FD  | ý     | y           | Latin small letter y with acute        |
 * | U+00FE  | þ     | th          | Latin small letter Thorn               |
 * | U+00FF  | ÿ     | y           | Latin small letter y with diaeresis    |
 *
 * Decompositions for Latin Extended-A:
 *
 * |  Code   | Glyph | Replacement |                    Description                    |
 * | ------- | ----- | ----------- | ------------------------------------------------- |
 * | U+0100  | Ā     | A           | Latin capital letter A with macron                |
 * | U+0101  | ā     | a           | Latin small letter a with macron                  |
 * | U+0102  | Ă     | A           | Latin capital letter A with breve                 |
 * | U+0103  | ă     | a           | Latin small letter a with breve                   |
 * | U+0104  | Ą     | A           | Latin capital letter A with ogonek                |
 * | U+0105  | ą     | a           | Latin small letter a with ogonek                  |
 * | U+01006 | Ć     | C           | Latin capital letter C with acute                 |
 * | U+0107  | ć     | c           | Latin small letter c with acute                   |
 * | U+0108  | Ĉ     | C           | Latin capital letter C with circumflex            |
 * | U+0109  | ĉ     | c           | Latin small letter c with circumflex              |
 * | U+010A  | Ċ     | C           | Latin capital letter C with dot above             |
 * | U+010B  | ċ     | c           | Latin small letter c with dot above               |
 * | U+010C  | Č     | C           | Latin capital letter C with caron                 |
 * | U+010D  | č     | c           | Latin small letter c with caron                   |
 * | U+010E  | Ď     | D           | Latin capital letter D with caron                 |
 * | U+010F  | ď     | d           | Latin small letter d with caron                   |
 * | U+0110  | Đ     | D           | Latin capital letter D with stroke                |
 * | U+0111  | đ     | d           | Latin small letter d with stroke                  |
 * | U+0112  | Ē     | E           | Latin capital letter E with macron                |
 * | U+0113  | ē     | e           | Latin small letter e with macron                  |
 * | U+0114  | Ĕ     | E           | Latin capital letter E with breve                 |
 * | U+0115  | ĕ     | e           | Latin small letter e with breve                   |
 * | U+0116  | Ė     | E           | Latin capital letter E with dot above             |
 * | U+0117  | ė     | e           | Latin small letter e with dot above               |
 * | U+0118  | Ę     | E           | Latin capital letter E with ogonek                |
 * | U+0119  | ę     | e           | Latin small letter e with ogonek                  |
 * | U+011A  | Ě     | E           | Latin capital letter E with caron                 |
 * | U+011B  | ě     | e           | Latin small letter e with caron                   |
 * | U+011C  | Ĝ     | G           | Latin capital letter G with circumflex            |
 * | U+011D  | ĝ     | g           | Latin small letter g with circumflex              |
 * | U+011E  | Ğ     | G           | Latin capital letter G with breve                 |
 * | U+011F  | ğ     | g           | Latin small letter g with breve                   |
 * | U+0120  | Ġ     | G           | Latin capital letter G with dot above             |
 * | U+0121  | ġ     | g           | Latin small letter g with dot above               |
 * | U+0122  | Ģ     | G           | Latin capital letter G with cedilla               |
 * | U+0123  | ģ     | g           | Latin small letter g with cedilla                 |
 * | U+0124  | Ĥ     | H           | Latin capital letter H with circumflex            |
 * | U+0125  | ĥ     | h           | Latin small letter h with circumflex              |
 * | U+0126  | Ħ     | H           | Latin capital letter H with stroke                |
 * | U+0127  | ħ     | h           | Latin small letter h with stroke                  |
 * | U+0128  | Ĩ     | I           | Latin capital letter I with tilde                 |
 * | U+0129  | ĩ     | i           | Latin small letter i with tilde                   |
 * | U+012A  | Ī     | I           | Latin capital letter I with macron                |
 * | U+012B  | ī     | i           | Latin small letter i with macron                  |
 * | U+012C  | Ĭ     | I           | Latin capital letter I with breve                 |
 * | U+012D  | ĭ     | i           | Latin small letter i with breve                   |
 * | U+012E  | Į     | I           | Latin capital letter I with ogonek                |
 * | U+012F  | į     | i           | Latin small letter i with ogonek                  |
 * | U+0130  | İ     | I           | Latin capital letter I with dot above             |
 * | U+0131  | ı     | i           | Latin small letter dotless i                      |
 * | U+0132  | IJ     | IJ          | Latin capital ligature IJ                         |
 * | U+0133  | ij     | ij          | Latin small ligature ij                           |
 * | U+0134  | Ĵ     | J           | Latin capital letter J with circumflex            |
 * | U+0135  | ĵ     | j           | Latin small letter j with circumflex              |
 * | U+0136  | Ķ     | K           | Latin capital letter K with cedilla               |
 * | U+0137  | ķ     | k           | Latin small letter k with cedilla                 |
 * | U+0138  | ĸ     | k           | Latin small letter Kra                            |
 * | U+0139  | Ĺ     | L           | Latin capital letter L with acute                 |
 * | U+013A  | ĺ     | l           | Latin small letter l with acute                   |
 * | U+013B  | Ļ     | L           | Latin capital letter L with cedilla               |
 * | U+013C  | ļ     | l           | Latin small letter l with cedilla                 |
 * | U+013D  | Ľ     | L           | Latin capital letter L with caron                 |
 * | U+013E  | ľ     | l           | Latin small letter l with caron                   |
 * | U+013F  | Ŀ     | L           | Latin capital letter L with middle dot            |
 * | U+0140  | ŀ     | l           | Latin small letter l with middle dot              |
 * | U+0141  | Ł     | L           | Latin capital letter L with stroke                |
 * | U+0142  | ł     | l           | Latin small letter l with stroke                  |
 * | U+0143  | Ń     | N           | Latin capital letter N with acute                 |
 * | U+0144  | ń     | n           | Latin small letter N with acute                   |
 * | U+0145  | Ņ     | N           | Latin capital letter N with cedilla               |
 * | U+0146  | ņ     | n           | Latin small letter n with cedilla                 |
 * | U+0147  | Ň     | N           | Latin capital letter N with caron                 |
 * | U+0148  | ň     | n           | Latin small letter n with caron                   |
 * | U+0149  | ʼn     | n           | Latin small letter n preceded by apostrophe       |
 * | U+014A  | Ŋ     | N           | Latin capital letter Eng                          |
 * | U+014B  | ŋ     | n           | Latin small letter Eng                            |
 * | U+014C  | Ō     | O           | Latin capital letter O with macron                |
 * | U+014D  | ō     | o           | Latin small letter o with macron                  |
 * | U+014E  | Ŏ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with breve                 |
 * | U+014F  | ŏ     | o           | Latin small letter o with breve                   |
 * | U+0150  | Ő     | O           | Latin capital letter O with double acute          |
 * | U+0151  | ő     | o           | Latin small letter o with double acute            |
 * | U+0152  | Π    | OE          | Latin capital ligature OE                         |
 * | U+0153  | œ     | oe          | Latin small ligature oe                           |
 * | U+0154  | Ŕ     | R           | Latin capital letter R with acute                 |
 * | U+0155  | ŕ     | r           | Latin small letter r with acute                   |
 * | U+0156  | Ŗ     | R           | Latin capital letter R with cedilla               |
 * | U+0157  | ŗ     | r           | Latin small letter r with cedilla                 |
 * | U+0158  | Ř     | R           | Latin capital letter R with caron                 |
 * | U+0159  | ř     | r           | Latin small letter r with caron                   |
 * | U+015A  | Ś     | S           | Latin capital letter S with acute                 |
 * | U+015B  | ś     | s           | Latin small letter s with acute                   |
 * | U+015C  | Ŝ     | S           | Latin capital letter S with circumflex            |
 * | U+015D  | ŝ     | s           | Latin small letter s with circumflex              |
 * | U+015E  | Ş     | S           | Latin capital letter S with cedilla               |
 * | U+015F  | ş     | s           | Latin small letter s with cedilla                 |
 * | U+0160  | Š     | S           | Latin capital letter S with caron                 |
 * | U+0161  | š     | s           | Latin small letter s with caron                   |
 * | U+0162  | Ţ     | T           | Latin capital letter T with cedilla               |
 * | U+0163  | ţ     | t           | Latin small letter t with cedilla                 |
 * | U+0164  | Ť     | T           | Latin capital letter T with caron                 |
 * | U+0165  | ť     | t           | Latin small letter t with caron                   |
 * | U+0166  | Ŧ     | T           | Latin capital letter T with stroke                |
 * | U+0167  | ŧ     | t           | Latin small letter t with stroke                  |
 * | U+0168  | Ũ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with tilde                 |
 * | U+0169  | ũ     | u           | Latin small letter u with tilde                   |
 * | U+016A  | Ū     | U           | Latin capital letter U with macron                |
 * | U+016B  | ū     | u           | Latin small letter u with macron                  |
 * | U+016C  | Ŭ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with breve                 |
 * | U+016D  | ŭ     | u           | Latin small letter u with breve                   |
 * | U+016E  | Ů     | U           | Latin capital letter U with ring above            |
 * | U+016F  | ů     | u           | Latin small letter u with ring above              |
 * | U+0170  | Ű     | U           | Latin capital letter U with double acute          |
 * | U+0171  | ű     | u           | Latin small letter u with double acute            |
 * | U+0172  | Ų     | U           | Latin capital letter U with ogonek                |
 * | U+0173  | ų     | u           | Latin small letter u with ogonek                  |
 * | U+0174  | Ŵ     | W           | Latin capital letter W with circumflex            |
 * | U+0175  | ŵ     | w           | Latin small letter w with circumflex              |
 * | U+0176  | Ŷ     | Y           | Latin capital letter Y with circumflex            |
 * | U+0177  | ŷ     | y           | Latin small letter y with circumflex              |
 * | U+0178  | Ÿ     | Y           | Latin capital letter Y with diaeresis             |
 * | U+0179  | Ź     | Z           | Latin capital letter Z with acute                 |
 * | U+017A  | ź     | z           | Latin small letter z with acute                   |
 * | U+017B  | Ż     | Z           | Latin capital letter Z with dot above             |
 * | U+017C  | ż     | z           | Latin small letter z with dot above               |
 * | U+017D  | Ž     | Z           | Latin capital letter Z with caron                 |
 * | U+017E  | ž     | z           | Latin small letter z with caron                   |
 * | U+017F  | ſ     | s           | Latin small letter long s                         |
 * | U+01A0  | Ơ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with horn                  |
 * | U+01A1  | ơ     | o           | Latin small letter o with horn                    |
 * | U+01AF  | Ư     | U           | Latin capital letter U with horn                  |
 * | U+01B0  | ư     | u           | Latin small letter u with horn                    |
 * | U+01CD  | Ǎ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with caron                 |
 * | U+01CE  | ǎ     | a           | Latin small letter a with caron                   |
 * | U+01CF  | Ǐ     | I           | Latin capital letter I with caron                 |
 * | U+01D0  | ǐ     | i           | Latin small letter i with caron                   |
 * | U+01D1  | Ǒ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with caron                 |
 * | U+01D2  | ǒ     | o           | Latin small letter o with caron                   |
 * | U+01D3  | Ǔ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with caron                 |
 * | U+01D4  | ǔ     | u           | Latin small letter u with caron                   |
 * | U+01D5  | Ǖ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis and macron  |
 * | U+01D6  | ǖ     | u           | Latin small letter u with diaeresis and macron    |
 * | U+01D7  | Ǘ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis and acute   |
 * | U+01D8  | ǘ     | u           | Latin small letter u with diaeresis and acute     |
 * | U+01D9  | Ǚ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis and caron   |
 * | U+01DA  | ǚ     | u           | Latin small letter u with diaeresis and caron     |
 * | U+01DB  | Ǜ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis and grave   |
 * | U+01DC  | ǜ     | u           | Latin small letter u with diaeresis and grave     |
 *
 * Decompositions for Latin Extended-B:
 *
 * |   Code   | Glyph | Replacement |                Description                |
 * | -------- | ----- | ----------- | ----------------------------------------- |
 * | U+018F   | Ə     | E           | Latin capital letter Ə                    |
 * | U+0259   | ǝ     | e           | Latin small letter ǝ                      |
 * | U+0218   | Ș     | S           | Latin capital letter S with comma below   |
 * | U+0219   | ș     | s           | Latin small letter s with comma below     |
 * | U+021A   | Ț     | T           | Latin capital letter T with comma below   |
 * | U+021B   | ț     | t           | Latin small letter t with comma below     |
 *
 * Vowels with diacritic (Chinese, Hanyu Pinyin):
 *
 * |   Code   | Glyph | Replacement |                      Description                      |
 * | -------- | ----- | ----------- | ----------------------------------------------------- |
 * | U+0251   | ɑ     | a           | Latin small letter alpha                              |
 * | U+1EA0   | Ạ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with dot below                 |
 * | U+1EA1   | ạ     | a           | Latin small letter a with dot below                   |
 * | U+1EA2   | Ả     | A           | Latin capital letter A with hook above                |
 * | U+1EA3   | ả     | a           | Latin small letter a with hook above                  |
 * | U+1EA4   | Ấ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with circumflex and acute      |
 * | U+1EA5   | ấ     | a           | Latin small letter a with circumflex and acute        |
 * | U+1EA6   | Ầ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with circumflex and grave      |
 * | U+1EA7   | ầ     | a           | Latin small letter a with circumflex and grave        |
 * | U+1EA8   | Ẩ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with circumflex and hook above |
 * | U+1EA9   | ẩ     | a           | Latin small letter a with circumflex and hook above   |
 * | U+1EAA   | Ẫ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with circumflex and tilde      |
 * | U+1EAB   | ẫ     | a           | Latin small letter a with circumflex and tilde        |
 * | U+1EA6   | Ậ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with circumflex and dot below  |
 * | U+1EAD   | ậ     | a           | Latin small letter a with circumflex and dot below    |
 * | U+1EAE   | Ắ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with breve and acute           |
 * | U+1EAF   | ắ     | a           | Latin small letter a with breve and acute             |
 * | U+1EB0   | Ằ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with breve and grave           |
 * | U+1EB1   | ằ     | a           | Latin small letter a with breve and grave             |
 * | U+1EB2   | Ẳ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with breve and hook above      |
 * | U+1EB3   | ẳ     | a           | Latin small letter a with breve and hook above        |
 * | U+1EB4   | Ẵ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with breve and tilde           |
 * | U+1EB5   | ẵ     | a           | Latin small letter a with breve and tilde             |
 * | U+1EB6   | Ặ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with breve and dot below       |
 * | U+1EB7   | ặ     | a           | Latin small letter a with breve and dot below         |
 * | U+1EB8   | Ẹ     | E           | Latin capital letter E with dot below                 |
 * | U+1EB9   | ẹ     | e           | Latin small letter e with dot below                   |
 * | U+1EBA   | Ẻ     | E           | Latin capital letter E with hook above                |
 * | U+1EBB   | ẻ     | e           | Latin small letter e with hook above                  |
 * | U+1EBC   | Ẽ     | E           | Latin capital letter E with tilde                     |
 * | U+1EBD   | ẽ     | e           | Latin small letter e with tilde                       |
 * | U+1EBE   | Ế     | E           | Latin capital letter E with circumflex and acute      |
 * | U+1EBF   | ế     | e           | Latin small letter e with circumflex and acute        |
 * | U+1EC0   | Ề     | E           | Latin capital letter E with circumflex and grave      |
 * | U+1EC1   | ề     | e           | Latin small letter e with circumflex and grave        |
 * | U+1EC2   | Ể     | E           | Latin capital letter E with circumflex and hook above |
 * | U+1EC3   | ể     | e           | Latin small letter e with circumflex and hook above   |
 * | U+1EC4   | Ễ     | E           | Latin capital letter E with circumflex and tilde      |
 * | U+1EC5   | ễ     | e           | Latin small letter e with circumflex and tilde        |
 * | U+1EC6   | Ệ     | E           | Latin capital letter E with circumflex and dot below  |
 * | U+1EC7   | ệ     | e           | Latin small letter e with circumflex and dot below    |
 * | U+1EC8   | Ỉ     | I           | Latin capital letter I with hook above                |
 * | U+1EC9   | ỉ     | i           | Latin small letter i with hook above                  |
 * | U+1ECA   | Ị     | I           | Latin capital letter I with dot below                 |
 * | U+1ECB   | ị     | i           | Latin small letter i with dot below                   |
 * | U+1ECC   | Ọ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with dot below                 |
 * | U+1ECD   | ọ     | o           | Latin small letter o with dot below                   |
 * | U+1ECE   | Ỏ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with hook above                |
 * | U+1ECF   | ỏ     | o           | Latin small letter o with hook above                  |
 * | U+1ED0   | Ố     | O           | Latin capital letter O with circumflex and acute      |
 * | U+1ED1   | ố     | o           | Latin small letter o with circumflex and acute        |
 * | U+1ED2   | Ồ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with circumflex and grave      |
 * | U+1ED3   | ồ     | o           | Latin small letter o with circumflex and grave        |
 * | U+1ED4   | Ổ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with circumflex and hook above |
 * | U+1ED5   | ổ     | o           | Latin small letter o with circumflex and hook above   |
 * | U+1ED6   | Ỗ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with circumflex and tilde      |
 * | U+1ED7   | ỗ     | o           | Latin small letter o with circumflex and tilde        |
 * | U+1ED8   | Ộ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with circumflex and dot below  |
 * | U+1ED9   | ộ     | o           | Latin small letter o with circumflex and dot below    |
 * | U+1EDA   | Ớ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with horn and acute            |
 * | U+1EDB   | ớ     | o           | Latin small letter o with horn and acute              |
 * | U+1EDC   | Ờ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with horn and grave            |
 * | U+1EDD   | ờ     | o           | Latin small letter o with horn and grave              |
 * | U+1EDE   | Ở     | O           | Latin capital letter O with horn and hook above       |
 * | U+1EDF   | ở     | o           | Latin small letter o with horn and hook above         |
 * | U+1EE0   | Ỡ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with horn and tilde            |
 * | U+1EE1   | ỡ     | o           | Latin small letter o with horn and tilde              |
 * | U+1EE2   | Ợ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with horn and dot below        |
 * | U+1EE3   | ợ     | o           | Latin small letter o with horn and dot below          |
 * | U+1EE4   | Ụ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with dot below                 |
 * | U+1EE5   | ụ     | u           | Latin small letter u with dot below                   |
 * | U+1EE6   | Ủ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with hook above                |
 * | U+1EE7   | ủ     | u           | Latin small letter u with hook above                  |
 * | U+1EE8   | Ứ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with horn and acute            |
 * | U+1EE9   | ứ     | u           | Latin small letter u with horn and acute              |
 * | U+1EEA   | Ừ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with horn and grave            |
 * | U+1EEB   | ừ     | u           | Latin small letter u with horn and grave              |
 * | U+1EEC   | Ử     | U           | Latin capital letter U with horn and hook above       |
 * | U+1EED   | ử     | u           | Latin small letter u with horn and hook above         |
 * | U+1EEE   | Ữ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with horn and tilde            |
 * | U+1EEF   | ữ     | u           | Latin small letter u with horn and tilde              |
 * | U+1EF0   | Ự     | U           | Latin capital letter U with horn and dot below        |
 * | U+1EF1   | ự     | u           | Latin small letter u with horn and dot below          |
 * | U+1EF2   | Ỳ     | Y           | Latin capital letter Y with grave                     |
 * | U+1EF3   | ỳ     | y           | Latin small letter y with grave                       |
 * | U+1EF4   | Ỵ     | Y           | Latin capital letter Y with dot below                 |
 * | U+1EF5   | ỵ     | y           | Latin small letter y with dot below                   |
 * | U+1EF6   | Ỷ     | Y           | Latin capital letter Y with hook above                |
 * | U+1EF7   | ỷ     | y           | Latin small letter y with hook above                  |
 * | U+1EF8   | Ỹ     | Y           | Latin capital letter Y with tilde                     |
 * | U+1EF9   | ỹ     | y           | Latin small letter y with tilde                       |
 *
 * German (`de_DE`), German formal (`de_DE_formal`), German (Switzerland) formal (`de_CH`),
 * German (Switzerland) informal (`de_CH_informal`), and German (Austria) (`de_AT`) locales:
 *
 * |   Code   | Glyph | Replacement |               Description               |
 * | -------- | ----- | ----------- | --------------------------------------- |
 * | U+00C4   | Ä     | Ae          | Latin capital letter A with diaeresis   |
 * | U+00E4   | ä     | ae          | Latin small letter a with diaeresis     |
 * | U+00D6   | Ö     | Oe          | Latin capital letter O with diaeresis   |
 * | U+00F6   | ö     | oe          | Latin small letter o with diaeresis     |
 * | U+00DC   | Ü     | Ue          | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis   |
 * | U+00FC   | ü     | ue          | Latin small letter u with diaeresis     |
 * | U+1E9E   | ẞ     | SS          | Latin capital letter sharp s            |
 * | U+00DF   | ß     | ss          | Latin small letter sharp s              |
 *
 * Danish (`da_DK`) locale:
 *
 * |   Code   | Glyph | Replacement |               Description               |
 * | -------- | ----- | ----------- | --------------------------------------- |
 * | U+00C6   | Æ     | Ae          | Latin capital letter AE                 |
 * | U+00E6   | æ     | ae          | Latin small letter ae                   |
 * | U+00D8   | Ø     | Oe          | Latin capital letter O with stroke      |
 * | U+00F8   | ø     | oe          | Latin small letter o with stroke        |
 * | U+00C5   | Å     | Aa          | Latin capital letter A with ring above  |
 * | U+00E5   | å     | aa          | Latin small letter a with ring above    |
 *
 * Catalan (`ca`) locale:
 *
 * |   Code   | Glyph | Replacement |               Description               |
 * | -------- | ----- | ----------- | --------------------------------------- |
 * | U+00B7   | l·l   | ll          | Flown dot (between two Ls)              |
 *
 * Serbian (`sr_RS`) and Bosnian (`bs_BA`) locales:
 *
 * |   Code   | Glyph | Replacement |               Description               |
 * | -------- | ----- | ----------- | --------------------------------------- |
 * | U+0110   | Đ     | DJ          | Latin capital letter D with stroke      |
 * | U+0111   | đ     | dj          | Latin small letter d with stroke        |
 *
 * @since 1.2.1
 * @since 4.6.0 Added locale support for `de_CH`, `de_CH_informal`, and `ca`.
 * @since 4.7.0 Added locale support for `sr_RS`.
 * @since 4.8.0 Added locale support for `bs_BA`.
 * @since 5.7.0 Added locale support for `de_AT`.
 * @since 6.0.0 Added the `$locale` parameter.
 * @since 6.1.0 Added Unicode NFC encoding normalization support.
 * @since 7.0.0 Added capital Eszett (U+1E9E) support for German locales.
 *
 * @param string $text   Text that might have accent characters.
 * @param string $locale Optional. The locale to use for accent removal. Some character
 *                       replacements depend on the locale being used (e.g. 'de_DE').
 *                       Defaults to the current locale.
 * @return string Filtered string with replaced "nice" characters.
 */
function remove_accents( $text, $locale = '' ) {
	if ( ! preg_match( '/[\x80-\xff]/', $text ) ) {
		return $text;
	}

	if ( wp_is_valid_utf8( $text ) ) {

		/*
		 * Unicode sequence normalization from NFD (Normalization Form Decomposed)
		 * to NFC (Normalization Form [Pre]Composed), the encoding used in this function.
		 */
		if ( function_exists( 'normalizer_is_normalized' )
			&& function_exists( 'normalizer_normalize' )
		) {
			if ( ! normalizer_is_normalized( $text ) ) {
				$text = normalizer_normalize( $text );
			}
		}

		$chars = array(
			// Decompositions for Latin-1 Supplement.
			'ª' => 'a',
			'º' => 'o',
			'À' => 'A',
			'Á' => 'A',
			'Â' => 'A',
			'Ã' => 'A',
			'Ä' => 'A',
			'Å' => 'A',
			'Æ' => 'AE',
			'Ç' => 'C',
			'È' => 'E',
			'É' => 'E',
			'Ê' => 'E',
			'Ë' => 'E',
			'Ì' => 'I',
			'Í' => 'I',
			'Î' => 'I',
			'Ï' => 'I',
			'Ð' => 'D',
			'Ñ' => 'N',
			'Ò' => 'O',
			'Ó' => 'O',
			'Ô' => 'O',
			'Õ' => 'O',
			'Ö' => 'O',
			'Ù' => 'U',
			'Ú' => 'U',
			'Û' => 'U',
			'Ü' => 'U',
			'Ý' => 'Y',
			'Þ' => 'TH',
			'ß' => 's',
			'à' => 'a',
			'á' => 'a',
			'â' => 'a',
			'ã' => 'a',
			'ä' => 'a',
			'å' => 'a',
			'æ' => 'ae',
			'ç' => 'c',
			'è' => 'e',
			'é' => 'e',
			'ê' => 'e',
			'ë' => 'e',
			'ì' => 'i',
			'í' => 'i',
			'î' => 'i',
			'ï' => 'i',
			'ð' => 'd',
			'ñ' => 'n',
			'ò' => 'o',
			'ó' => 'o',
			'ô' => 'o',
			'õ' => 'o',
			'ö' => 'o',
			'ø' => 'o',
			'ù' => 'u',
			'ú' => 'u',
			'û' => 'u',
			'ü' => 'u',
			'ý' => 'y',
			'þ' => 'th',
			'ÿ' => 'y',
			'Ø' => 'O',
			// Decompositions for Latin Extended-A.
			'Ā' => 'A',
			'ā' => 'a',
			'Ă' => 'A',
			'ă' => 'a',
			'Ą' => 'A',
			'ą' => 'a',
			'Ć' => 'C',
			'ć' => 'c',
			'Ĉ' => 'C',
			'ĉ' => 'c',
			'Ċ' => 'C',
			'ċ' => 'c',
			'Č' => 'C',
			'č' => 'c',
			'Ď' => 'D',
			'ď' => 'd',
			'Đ' => 'D',
			'đ' => 'd',
			'Ē' => 'E',
			'ē' => 'e',
			'Ĕ' => 'E',
			'ĕ' => 'e',
			'Ė' => 'E',
			'ė' => 'e',
			'Ę' => 'E',
			'ę' => 'e',
			'Ě' => 'E',
			'ě' => 'e',
			'Ĝ' => 'G',
			'ĝ' => 'g',
			'Ğ' => 'G',
			'ğ' => 'g',
			'Ġ' => 'G',
			'ġ' => 'g',
			'Ģ' => 'G',
			'ģ' => 'g',
			'Ĥ' => 'H',
			'ĥ' => 'h',
			'Ħ' => 'H',
			'ħ' => 'h',
			'Ĩ' => 'I',
			'ĩ' => 'i',
			'Ī' => 'I',
			'ī' => 'i',
			'Ĭ' => 'I',
			'ĭ' => 'i',
			'Į' => 'I',
			'į' => 'i',
			'İ' => 'I',
			'ı' => 'i',
			'IJ' => 'IJ',
			'ij' => 'ij',
			'Ĵ' => 'J',
			'ĵ' => 'j',
			'Ķ' => 'K',
			'ķ' => 'k',
			'ĸ' => 'k',
			'Ĺ' => 'L',
			'ĺ' => 'l',
			'Ļ' => 'L',
			'ļ' => 'l',
			'Ľ' => 'L',
			'ľ' => 'l',
			'Ŀ' => 'L',
			'ŀ' => 'l',
			'Ł' => 'L',
			'ł' => 'l',
			'Ń' => 'N',
			'ń' => 'n',
			'Ņ' => 'N',
			'ņ' => 'n',
			'Ň' => 'N',
			'ň' => 'n',
			'ʼn' => 'n',
			'Ŋ' => 'N',
			'ŋ' => 'n',
			'Ō' => 'O',
			'ō' => 'o',
			'Ŏ' => 'O',
			'ŏ' => 'o',
			'Ő' => 'O',
			'ő' => 'o',
			'Œ' => 'OE',
			'œ' => 'oe',
			'Ŕ' => 'R',
			'ŕ' => 'r',
			'Ŗ' => 'R',
			'ŗ' => 'r',
			'Ř' => 'R',
			'ř' => 'r',
			'Ś' => 'S',
			'ś' => 's',
			'Ŝ' => 'S',
			'ŝ' => 's',
			'Ş' => 'S',
			'ş' => 's',
			'Š' => 'S',
			'š' => 's',
			'Ţ' => 'T',
			'ţ' => 't',
			'Ť' => 'T',
			'ť' => 't',
			'Ŧ' => 'T',
			'ŧ' => 't',
			'Ũ' => 'U',
			'ũ' => 'u',
			'Ū' => 'U',
			'ū' => 'u',
			'Ŭ' => 'U',
			'ŭ' => 'u',
			'Ů' => 'U',
			'ů' => 'u',
			'Ű' => 'U',
			'ű' => 'u',
			'Ų' => 'U',
			'ų' => 'u',
			'Ŵ' => 'W',
			'ŵ' => 'w',
			'Ŷ' => 'Y',
			'ŷ' => 'y',
			'Ÿ' => 'Y',
			'Ź' => 'Z',
			'ź' => 'z',
			'Ż' => 'Z',
			'ż' => 'z',
			'Ž' => 'Z',
			'ž' => 'z',
			'ſ' => 's',
			// Decompositions for Latin Extended-B.
			'Ə' => 'E',
			'ǝ' => 'e',
			'Ș' => 'S',
			'ș' => 's',
			'Ț' => 'T',
			'ț' => 't',
			// Euro sign.
			'€' => 'E',
			// GBP (Pound) sign.
			'£' => '',
			// Vowels with diacritic (Vietnamese). Unmarked.
			'Ơ' => 'O',
			'ơ' => 'o',
			'Ư' => 'U',
			'ư' => 'u',
			// Grave accent.
			'Ầ' => 'A',
			'ầ' => 'a',
			'Ằ' => 'A',
			'ằ' => 'a',
			'Ề' => 'E',
			'ề' => 'e',
			'Ồ' => 'O',
			'ồ' => 'o',
			'Ờ' => 'O',
			'ờ' => 'o',
			'Ừ' => 'U',
			'ừ' => 'u',
			'Ỳ' => 'Y',
			'ỳ' => 'y',
			// Hook.
			'Ả' => 'A',
			'ả' => 'a',
			'Ẩ' => 'A',
			'ẩ' => 'a',
			'Ẳ' => 'A',
			'ẳ' => 'a',
			'Ẻ' => 'E',
			'ẻ' => 'e',
			'Ể' => 'E',
			'ể' => 'e',
			'Ỉ' => 'I',
			'ỉ' => 'i',
			'Ỏ' => 'O',
			'ỏ' => 'o',
			'Ổ' => 'O',
			'ổ' => 'o',
			'Ở' => 'O',
			'ở' => 'o',
			'Ủ' => 'U',
			'ủ' => 'u',
			'Ử' => 'U',
			'ử' => 'u',
			'Ỷ' => 'Y',
			'ỷ' => 'y',
			// Tilde.
			'Ẫ' => 'A',
			'ẫ' => 'a',
			'Ẵ' => 'A',
			'ẵ' => 'a',
			'Ẽ' => 'E',
			'ẽ' => 'e',
			'Ễ' => 'E',
			'ễ' => 'e',
			'Ỗ' => 'O',
			'ỗ' => 'o',
			'Ỡ' => 'O',
			'ỡ' => 'o',
			'Ữ' => 'U',
			'ữ' => 'u',
			'Ỹ' => 'Y',
			'ỹ' => 'y',
			// Acute accent.
			'Ấ' => 'A',
			'ấ' => 'a',
			'Ắ' => 'A',
			'ắ' => 'a',
			'Ế' => 'E',
			'ế' => 'e',
			'Ố' => 'O',
			'ố' => 'o',
			'Ớ' => 'O',
			'ớ' => 'o',
			'Ứ' => 'U',
			'ứ' => 'u',
			// Dot below.
			'Ạ' => 'A',
			'ạ' => 'a',
			'Ậ' => 'A',
			'ậ' => 'a',
			'Ặ' => 'A',
			'ặ' => 'a',
			'Ẹ' => 'E',
			'ẹ' => 'e',
			'Ệ' => 'E',
			'ệ' => 'e',
			'Ị' => 'I',
			'ị' => 'i',
			'Ọ' => 'O',
			'ọ' => 'o',
			'Ộ' => 'O',
			'ộ' => 'o',
			'Ợ' => 'O',
			'ợ' => 'o',
			'Ụ' => 'U',
			'ụ' => 'u',
			'Ự' => 'U',
			'ự' => 'u',
			'Ỵ' => 'Y',
			'ỵ' => 'y',
			// Vowels with diacritic (Chinese, Hanyu Pinyin).
			'ɑ' => 'a',
			// Macron.
			'Ǖ' => 'U',
			'ǖ' => 'u',
			// Acute accent.
			'Ǘ' => 'U',
			'ǘ' => 'u',
			// Caron.
			'Ǎ' => 'A',
			'ǎ' => 'a',
			'Ǐ' => 'I',
			'ǐ' => 'i',
			'Ǒ' => 'O',
			'ǒ' => 'o',
			'Ǔ' => 'U',
			'ǔ' => 'u',
			'Ǚ' => 'U',
			'ǚ' => 'u',
			// Grave accent.
			'Ǜ' => 'U',
			'ǜ' => 'u',
		);

		// Used for locale-specific rules.
		if ( empty( $locale ) ) {
			$locale = get_locale();
		}

		/*
		 * German has various locales (de_DE, de_CH, de_AT, ...) with formal and informal variants.
		 * There is no 3-letter locale like 'def', so checking for 'de' instead of 'de_' is safe,
		 * since 'de' itself would be a valid locale too.
		 */
		if ( str_starts_with( $locale, 'de' ) ) {
			$chars['Ä'] = 'Ae';
			$chars['ä'] = 'ae';
			$chars['Ö'] = 'Oe';
			$chars['ö'] = 'oe';
			$chars['Ü'] = 'Ue';
			$chars['ü'] = 'ue';
			$chars['ẞ'] = 'SS';
			$chars['ß'] = 'ss';
		} elseif ( 'da_DK' === $locale ) {
			$chars['Æ'] = 'Ae';
			$chars['æ'] = 'ae';
			$chars['Ø'] = 'Oe';
			$chars['ø'] = 'oe';
			$chars['Å'] = 'Aa';
			$chars['å'] = 'aa';
		} elseif ( 'ca' === $locale ) {
			$chars['l·l'] = 'll';
		} elseif ( 'sr_RS' === $locale || 'bs_BA' === $locale ) {
			$chars['Đ'] = 'DJ';
			$chars['đ'] = 'dj';
		}

		$text = strtr( $text, $chars );
	} else {
		$chars = array();
		// Assume ISO-8859-1 if not UTF-8.
		$chars['in'] = "\x80\x83\x8a\x8e\x9a\x9e"
			. "\x9f\xa2\xa5\xb5\xc0\xc1\xc2"
			. "\xc3\xc4\xc5\xc7\xc8\xc9\xca"
			. "\xcb\xcc\xcd\xce\xcf\xd1\xd2"
			. "\xd3\xd4\xd5\xd6\xd8\xd9\xda"
			. "\xdb\xdc\xdd\xe0\xe1\xe2\xe3"
			. "\xe4\xe5\xe7\xe8\xe9\xea\xeb"
			. "\xec\xed\xee\xef\xf1\xf2\xf3"
			. "\xf4\xf5\xf6\xf8\xf9\xfa\xfb"
			. "\xfc\xfd\xff";

		$chars['out'] = 'EfSZszYcYuAAAAAACEEEEIIIINOOOOOOUUUUYaaaaaaceeeeiiiinoooooouuuuyy';

		$text                = strtr( $text, $chars['in'], $chars['out'] );
		$double_chars        = array();
		$double_chars['in']  = array( "\x8c", "\x9c", "\xc6", "\xd0", "\xde", "\xdf", "\xe6", "\xf0", "\xfe" );
		$double_chars['out'] = array( 'OE', 'oe', 'AE', 'DH', 'TH', 'ss', 'ae', 'dh', 'th' );
		$text                = str_replace( $double_chars['in'], $double_chars['out'], $text );
	}

	return $text;
}

/**
 * Sanitizes a filename, replacing whitespace with dashes.
 *
 * Removes special characters that are illegal in filenames on certain
 * operating systems and special characters requiring special escaping
 * to manipulate at the command line. Replaces spaces and consecutive
 * dashes with a single dash. Trims period, dash and underscore from beginning
 * and end of filename. It is not guaranteed that this function will return a
 * filename that is allowed to be uploaded.
 *
 * @since 2.1.0
 *
 * @param string $filename The filename to be sanitized.
 * @return string The sanitized filename.
 */
function sanitize_file_name( $filename ) {
	$filename_raw = $filename;
	$filename     = remove_accents( $filename );

	$special_chars = array( '?', '[', ']', '/', '\\', '=', '<', '>', ':', ';', ',', "'", '"', '&', '$', '#', '*', '(', ')', '|', '~', '`', '!', '{', '}', '%', '+', '’', '«', '»', '”', '“', chr( 0 ) );

	if ( ! wp_is_valid_utf8( $filename ) ) {
		$_ext     = pathinfo( $filename, PATHINFO_EXTENSION );
		$_name    = pathinfo( $filename, PATHINFO_FILENAME );
		$filename = sanitize_title_with_dashes( $_name ) . '.' . $_ext;
	}

	if ( _wp_can_use_pcre_u() ) {
		/**
		 * Replace all whitespace characters with a basic space (U+0020).
		 *
		 * The “Zs” in the pattern selects characters in the `Space_Separator`
		 * category, which is what Unicode considers space characters.
		 *
		 * @see https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr44/#General_Category_Values
		 * @see https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode16.0.0/core-spec/chapter-6/#G17548
		 * @see https://www.php.net/manual/en/regexp.reference.unicode.php
		 */
		$filename = preg_replace( '#\p{Zs}#siu', ' ', $filename );
	}

	/**
	 * Filters the list of characters to remove from a filename.
	 *
	 * @since 2.8.0
	 *
	 * @param string[] $special_chars Array of characters to remove.
	 * @param string   $filename_raw  The original filename to be sanitized.
	 */
	$special_chars = apply_filters( 'sanitize_file_name_chars', $special_chars, $filename_raw );

	$filename = str_replace( $special_chars, '', $filename );
	$filename = str_replace( array( '%20', '+' ), '-', $filename );
	$filename = preg_replace( '/\.{2,}/', '.', $filename );
	$filename = preg_replace( '/[\r\n\t -]+/', '-', $filename );
	$filename = trim( $filename, '.-_' );

	if ( ! str_contains( $filename, '.' ) ) {
		$mime_types = wp_get_mime_types();
		$filetype   = wp_check_filetype( 'test.' . $filename, $mime_types );
		if ( $filetype['ext'] === $filename ) {
			$filename = 'unnamed-file.' . $filetype['ext'];
		}
	}

	// Split the filename into a base and extension[s].
	$parts = explode( '.', $filename );

	// Return if only one extension.
	if ( count( $parts ) <= 2 ) {
		/** This filter is documented in wp-includes/formatting.php */
		return apply_filters( 'sanitize_file_name', $filename, $filename_raw );
	}

	// Process multiple extensions.
	$filename  = array_shift( $parts );
	$extension = array_pop( $parts );
	$mimes     = get_allowed_mime_types();

	/*
	 * Loop over any intermediate extensions. Postfix them with a trailing underscore
	 * if they are a 2 - 5 character long alpha string not in the allowed extension list.
	 */
	foreach ( (array) $parts as $part ) {
		$filename .= '.' . $part;

		if ( preg_match( '/^[a-zA-Z]{2,5}\d?$/', $part ) ) {
			$allowed = false;
			foreach ( $mimes as $ext_preg => $mime_match ) {
				$ext_preg = '!^(' . $ext_preg . ')$!i';
				if ( preg_match( $ext_preg, $part ) ) {
					$allowed = true;
					break;
				}
			}
			if ( ! $allowed ) {
				$filename .= '_';
			}
		}
	}

	$filename .= '.' . $extension;

	/**
	 * Filters a sanitized filename string.
	 *
	 * @since 2.8.0
	 *
	 * @param string $filename     Sanitized filename.
	 * @param string $filename_raw The filename prior to sanitization.
	 */
	return apply_filters( 'sanitize_file_name', $filename, $filename_raw );
}

/**
 * Sanitizes a username, stripping out unsafe characters.
 *
 * Removes tags, percent-encoded characters, HTML entities, and if strict is enabled,
 * will only keep alphanumeric, _, space, ., -, @. After sanitizing, it passes the username,
 * raw username (the username in the parameter), and the value of $strict as parameters
 * for the {@see 'sanitize_user'} filter.
 *
 * @since 2.0.0
 *
 * @param string $username The username to be sanitized.
 * @param bool   $strict   Optional. If set to true, limits $username to specific characters.
 *                         Default false.
 * @return string The sanitized username, after passing through filters.
 */
function sanitize_user( $username, $strict = false ) {
	$raw_username = $username;
	$username     = wp_strip_all_tags( $username );
	$username     = remove_accents( $username );
	// Remove percent-encoded characters.
	$username = preg_replace( '|%([a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9])|', '', $username );
	// Remove HTML entities.
	$username = preg_replace( '/&.+?;/', '', $username );

	// If strict, reduce to ASCII for max portability.
	if ( $strict ) {
		$username = preg_replace( '|[^a-z0-9 _.\-@]|i', '', $username );
	}

	$username = trim( $username );
	// Consolidate contiguous whitespace.
	$username = preg_replace( '|\s+|', ' ', $username );

	/**
	 * Filters a sanitized username string.
	 *
	 * @since 2.0.1
	 *
	 * @param string $username     Sanitized username.
	 * @param string $raw_username The username prior to sanitization.
	 * @param bool   $strict       Whether to limit the sanitization to specific characters.
	 */
	return apply_filters( 'sanitize_user', $username, $raw_username, $strict );
}

/**
 * Sanitizes a string key.
 *
 * Keys are used as internal identifiers. Lowercase alphanumeric characters,
 * dashes, and underscores are allowed.
 *
 * @since 3.0.0
 *
 * @param string $key String key.
 * @return string Sanitized key.
 * @phpstan-return lowercase-string
 */
function sanitize_key( $key ) {
	$sanitized_key = '';

	if ( is_scalar( $key ) ) {
		$sanitized_key = strtolower( $key );
		$sanitized_key = preg_replace( '/[^a-z0-9_\-]/', '', $sanitized_key );
	}

	/**
	 * Filters a sanitized key string.
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 *
	 * @param string $sanitized_key Sanitized key.
	 * @param string $key           The key prior to sanitization.
	 */
	return apply_filters( 'sanitize_key', $sanitized_key, $key );
}

/**
 * Sanitizes a string into a slug, which can be used in URLs or HTML attributes.
 *
 * By default, converts accent characters to ASCII characters and further
 * limits the output to alphanumeric characters, underscore (_) and dash (-)
 * through the {@see 'sanitize_title'} filter.
 *
 * If `$title` is empty and `$fallback_title` is set, the latter will be used.
 *
 * @since 1.0.0
 *
 * @param string $title          The string to be sanitized.
 * @param string $fallback_title Optional. A title to use if $title is empty. Default empty.
 * @param string $context        Optional. The operation for which the string is sanitized.
 *                               When set to 'save', the string runs through remove_accents().
 *                               Default 'save'.
 * @return string The sanitized string.
 */
function sanitize_title( $title, $fallback_title = '', $context = 'save' ) {
	$raw_title = $title;

	if ( 'save' === $context ) {
		$title = remove_accents( $title );
	}

	/**
	 * Filters a sanitized title string.
	 *
	 * @since 1.2.0
	 *
	 * @param string $title     Sanitized title.
	 * @param string $raw_title The title prior to sanitization.
	 * @param string $context   The context for which the title is being sanitized.
	 */
	$title = apply_filters( 'sanitize_title', $title, $raw_title, $context );

	if ( '' === $title || false === $title ) {
		$title = $fallback_title;
	}

	return $title;
}

/**
 * Sanitizes a title with the 'query' context.
 *
 * Used for querying the database for a value from URL.
 *
 * @since 3.1.0
 *
 * @param string $title The string to be sanitized.
 * @return string The sanitized string.
 */
function sanitize_title_for_query( $title ) {
	return sanitize_title( $title, '', 'query' );
}

/**
 * Sanitizes a title, replacing whitespace and a few other characters with dashes.
 *
 * Limits the output to alphanumeric characters, underscore (_) and dash (-).
 * Whitespace becomes a dash.
 *
 * @since 1.2.0
 *
 * @param string $title     The title to be sanitized.
 * @param string $raw_title Optional. Not used. Default empty.
 * @param string $context   Optional. The operation for which the string is sanitized.
 *                          When set to 'save', additional entities are converted to hyphens
 *                          or stripped entirely. Default 'display'.
 * @return string The sanitized title.
 */
function sanitize_title_with_dashes( $title, $raw_title = '', $context = 'display' ) {
	$title = strip_tags( $title );
	// Preserve escaped octets.
	$title = preg_replace( '|%([a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9])|', '---$1---', $title );
	// Remove percent signs that are not part of an octet.
	$title = str_replace( '%', '', $title );
	// Restore octets.
	$title = preg_replace( '|---([a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9])---|', '%$1', $title );

	if ( wp_is_valid_utf8( $title ) ) {
		if ( function_exists( 'mb_strtolower' ) ) {
			$title = mb_strtolower( $title, 'UTF-8' );
		}
		$title = utf8_uri_encode( $title, 200 );
	}

	$title = strtolower( $title );

	if ( 'save' === $context ) {
		// Convert  , non-breaking hyphen, &ndash, and &mdash to hyphens.
		$title = str_replace( array( '%c2%a0', '%e2%80%91', '%e2%80%93', '%e2%80%94' ), '-', $title );
		// Convert  , non-breaking hyphen, &ndash, and &mdash HTML entities to hyphens.
		$title = str_replace( array( ' ', '‑', ' ', '–', '–', '—', '—' ), '-', $title );
		// Convert forward slash to hyphen.
		$title = str_replace( '/', '-', $title );

		// Strip these characters entirely.
		$title = str_replace(
			array(
				// Soft hyphens.
				'%c2%ad',
				// ¡ and ¿.
				'%c2%a1',
				'%c2%bf',
				// Angle quotes.
				'%c2%ab',
				'%c2%bb',
				'%e2%80%b9',
				'%e2%80%ba',
				// Curly quotes.
				'%e2%80%98',
				'%e2%80%99',
				'%e2%80%9c',
				'%e2%80%9d',
				'%e2%80%9a',
				'%e2%80%9b',
				'%e2%80%9e',
				'%e2%80%9f',
				// Bullet.
				'%e2%80%a2',
				// ©, ®, °, &hellip, and &trade.
				'%c2%a9',
				'%c2%ae',
				'%c2%b0',
				'%e2%80%a6',
				'%e2%84%a2',
				// Acute accents.
				'%c2%b4',
				'%cb%8a',
				'%cc%81',
				'%cd%81',
				// Grave accent, macron, caron.
				'%cc%80',
				'%cc%84',
				'%cc%8c',
				// Non-visible characters that display without a width.
				'%e2%80%8b', // Zero width space.
				'%e2%80%8c', // Zero width non-joiner.
				'%e2%80%8d', // Zero width joiner.
				'%e2%80%8e', // Left-to-right mark.
				'%e2%80%8f', // Right-to-left mark.
				'%e2%80%aa', // Left-to-right embedding.
				'%e2%80%ab', // Right-to-left embedding.
				'%e2%80%ac', // Pop directional formatting.
				'%e2%80%ad', // Left-to-right override.
				'%e2%80%ae', // Right-to-left override.
				'%ef%bb%bf', // Byte order mark.
				'%ef%bf%bc', // Object replacement character.
			),
			'',
			$title
		);

		// Convert non-visible characters that display with a width to hyphen.
		$title = str_replace(
			array(
				'%e2%80%80', // En quad.
				'%e2%80%81', // Em quad.
				'%e2%80%82', // En space.
				'%e2%80%83', // Em space.
				'%e2%80%84', // Three-per-em space.
				'%e2%80%85', // Four-per-em space.
				'%e2%80%86', // Six-per-em space.
				'%e2%80%87', // Figure space.
				'%e2%80%88', // Punctuation space.
				'%e2%80%89', // Thin space.
				'%e2%80%8a', // Hair space.
				'%e2%80%a8', // Line separator.
				'%e2%80%a9', // Paragraph separator.
				'%e2%80%af', // Narrow no-break space.
			),
			'-',
			$title
		);

		// Convert × to 'x'.
		$title = str_replace( '%c3%97', 'x', $title );
	}

	// Remove HTML entities.
	$title = preg_replace( '/&.+?;/', '', $title );
	$title = str_replace( '.', '-', $title );

	$title = preg_replace( '/[^%a-z0-9 _-]/', '', $title );
	$title = preg_replace( '/\s+/', '-', $title );
	$title = preg_replace( '|-+|', '-', $title );
	$title = trim( $title, '-' );

	return $title;
}

/**
 * Ensures a string is a valid SQL 'order by' clause.
 *
 * Accepts one or more columns, with or without a sort order (ASC / DESC).
 * e.g. 'column_1', 'column_1, column_2', 'column_1 ASC, column_2 DESC' etc.
 *
 * Also accepts 'RAND()'.
 *
 * @since 2.5.1
 *
 * @param string $orderby Order by clause to be validated.
 * @return string|false Returns $orderby if valid, false otherwise.
 */
function sanitize_sql_orderby( $orderby ) {
	if ( preg_match( '/^\s*(([a-z0-9_]+|`[a-z0-9_]+`)(\s+(ASC|DESC))?\s*(,\s*(?=[a-z0-9_`])|$))+$/i', $orderby ) || preg_match( '/^\s*RAND\(\s*\)\s*$/i', $orderby ) ) {
		return $orderby;
	}
	return false;
}

/**
 * Sanitizes an HTML classname to ensure it only contains valid characters.
 *
 * Strips the string down to A-Z,a-z,0-9,_,-. If this results in an empty
 * string then it will return the alternative value supplied.
 *
 * @todo Expand to support the full range of CDATA that a class attribute can contain.
 *
 * @since 2.8.0
 *
 * @param string $classname The classname to be sanitized.
 * @param string $fallback  Optional. The value to return if the sanitization ends up as an empty string.
 *                          Default empty string.
 * @return string The sanitized value.
 */
function sanitize_html_class( $classname, $fallback = '' ) {
	// Strip out any percent-encoded characters.
	$sanitized = preg_replace( '|%[a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9]|', '', $classname );

	// Limit to A-Z, a-z, 0-9, '_', '-'.
	$sanitized = preg_replace( '/[^A-Za-z0-9_-]/', '', $sanitized );

	if ( '' === $sanitized && $fallback ) {
		return sanitize_html_class( $fallback );
	}
	/**
	 * Filters a sanitized HTML class string.
	 *
	 * @since 2.8.0
	 *
	 * @param string $sanitized The sanitized HTML class.
	 * @param string $classname HTML class before sanitization.
	 * @param string $fallback  The fallback string.
	 */
	return apply_filters( 'sanitize_html_class', $sanitized, $classname, $fallback );
}

/**
 * Strips out all characters not allowed in a locale name.
 *
 * @since 6.2.1
 *
 * @param string $locale_name The locale name to be sanitized.
 * @return string The sanitized value.
 */
function sanitize_locale_name( $locale_name ) {
	// Limit to A-Z, a-z, 0-9, '_', '-'.
	$sanitized = preg_replace( '/[^A-Za-z0-9_-]/', '', $locale_name );

	/**
	 * Filters a sanitized locale name string.
	 *
	 * @since 6.2.1
	 *
	 * @param string $sanitized   The sanitized locale name.
	 * @param string $locale_name The locale name before sanitization.
	 */
	return apply_filters( 'sanitize_locale_name', $sanitized, $locale_name );
}

/**
 * Converts lone & characters into `&` (a.k.a. `&`)
 *
 * @since 0.71
 *
 * @param string $content    String of characters to be converted.
 * @param string $deprecated Not used.
 * @return string Converted string.
 */
function convert_chars( $content, $deprecated = '' ) {
	if ( ! empty( $deprecated ) ) {
		_deprecated_argument( __FUNCTION__, '0.71' );
	}

	if ( str_contains( $content, '&' ) ) {
		$content = preg_replace( '/&([^#])(?![a-z1-4]{1,8};)/i', '&$1', $content );
	}

	return $content;
}

/**
 * Converts invalid Unicode references range to valid range.
 *
 * @since 4.3.0
 *
 * @param string $content String with entities that need converting.
 * @return string Converted string.
 */
function convert_invalid_entities( $content ) {
	$wp_htmltranswinuni = array(
		'€' => '€', // The Euro sign.
		'' => '',
		'‚' => '‚', // These are Windows CP1252 specific characters.
		'ƒ' => 'ƒ',  // They would look weird on non-Windows browsers.
		'„' => '„',
		'…' => '…',
		'†' => '†',
		'‡' => '‡',
		'ˆ' => 'ˆ',
		'‰' => '‰',
		'Š' => 'Š',
		'‹' => '‹',
		'Œ' => 'Œ',
		'' => '',
		'Ž' => 'Ž',
		'' => '',
		'' => '',
		'‘' => '‘',
		'’' => '’',
		'“' => '“',
		'”' => '”',
		'•' => '•',
		'–' => '–',
		'—' => '—',
		'˜' => '˜',
		'™' => '™',
		'š' => 'š',
		'›' => '›',
		'œ' => 'œ',
		'' => '',
		'ž' => 'ž',
		'Ÿ' => 'Ÿ',
	);

	if ( str_contains( $content, '' ) ) {
		$content = strtr( $content, $wp_htmltranswinuni );
	}

	return $content;
}

/**
 * Balances tags if forced to, or if the 'use_balanceTags' option is set to true.
 *
 * @since 0.71
 *
 * @param string $text  Text to be balanced.
 * @param bool   $force If true, forces balancing, ignoring the value of the option. Default false.
 * @return string Balanced text.
 */
function balanceTags( $text, $force = false ) {  // phpcs:ignore WordPress.NamingConventions.ValidFunctionName.FunctionNameInvalid
	if ( $force || 1 === (int) get_option( 'use_balanceTags' ) ) {
		return force_balance_tags( $text );
	} else {
		return $text;
	}
}

/**
 * Balances tags of string using a modified stack.
 *
 * {@internal Modified by Scott Reilly (coffee2code) 02 Aug 2004
 *      1.1  Fixed handling of append/stack pop order of end text
 *           Added Cleaning Hooks
 *      1.0  First Version}
 *
 * @since 2.0.4
 * @since 5.3.0 Improve accuracy and add support for custom element tags.
 *
 * @author Leonard Lin 
 * @license GPL
 * @copyright November 4, 2001
 * @version 1.1
 * @todo Make better - change loop condition to $text in 1.2
 *
 * @param string $text Text to be balanced.
 * @return string Balanced text.
 */
function force_balance_tags( $text ) {
	$tagstack  = array();
	$stacksize = 0;
	$tagqueue  = '';
	$newtext   = '';
	// Known single-entity/self-closing tags.
	$single_tags = array( 'area', 'base', 'basefont', 'br', 'col', 'command', 'embed', 'frame', 'hr', 'img', 'input', 'isindex', 'link', 'meta', 'param', 'source', 'track', 'wbr' );
	// Tags that can be immediately nested within themselves.
	$nestable_tags = array( 'article', 'aside', 'blockquote', 'details', 'div', 'figure', 'object', 'q', 'section', 'span' );

	// WP bug fix for comments - in case you REALLY meant to type '< !--'.
	$text = str_replace( '< !--', '<    !--', $text );
	// WP bug fix for LOVE <3 (and other situations with '<' before a number).
	$text = preg_replace( '#<([0-9]{1})#', '<$1', $text );

	/**
	 * Matches supported tags.
	 *
	 * To get the pattern as a string without the comments paste into a PHP
	 * REPL like `php -a`.
	 *
	 * @see https://html.spec.whatwg.org/#elements-2
	 * @see https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/custom-elements.html#valid-custom-element-name
	 *
	 * @example
	 * ~# php -a
	 * php > $s = [paste copied contents of expression below including parentheses];
	 * php > echo $s;
	 */
	$tag_pattern = (
		'#<' . // Start with an opening bracket.
		'(/?)' . // Group 1 - If it's a closing tag it'll have a leading slash.
		'(' . // Group 2 - Tag name.
			// Custom element tags have more lenient rules than HTML tag names.
			'(?:[a-z](?:[a-z0-9._]*)-(?:[a-z0-9._-]+)+)' .
				'|' .
			// Traditional tag rules approximate HTML tag names.
			'(?:[\w:]+)' .
		')' .
		'(?:' .
			// We either immediately close the tag with its '>' and have nothing here.
			'\s*' .
			'(/?)' . // Group 3 - "attributes" for empty tag.
				'|' .
			// Or we must start with space characters to separate the tag name from the attributes (or whitespace).
			'(\s+)' . // Group 4 - Pre-attribute whitespace.
			'([^>]*)' . // Group 5 - Attributes.
		')' .
		'>#' // End with a closing bracket.
	);

	while ( preg_match( $tag_pattern, $text, $regex ) ) {
		$full_match        = $regex[0];
		$has_leading_slash = ! empty( $regex[1] );
		$tag_name          = $regex[2];
		$tag               = strtolower( $tag_name );
		$is_single_tag     = in_array( $tag, $single_tags, true );
		$pre_attribute_ws  = $regex[4] ?? '';
		$attributes        = trim( $regex[5] ?? $regex[3] );
		$has_self_closer   = str_ends_with( $attributes, '/' );

		$newtext .= $tagqueue;

		$i = strpos( $text, $full_match );
		$l = strlen( $full_match );

		// Clear the shifter.
		$tagqueue = '';
		if ( $has_leading_slash ) { // End tag.
			// If too many closing tags.
			if ( $stacksize <= 0 ) {
				$tag = '';
				// Or close to be safe $tag = '/' . $tag.

				// If stacktop value = tag close value, then pop.
			} elseif ( $tagstack[ $stacksize - 1 ] === $tag ) { // Found closing tag.
				$tag = ''; // Close tag.
				array_pop( $tagstack );
				--$stacksize;
			} else { // Closing tag not at top, search for it.
				for ( $j = $stacksize - 1; $j >= 0; $j-- ) {
					if ( $tagstack[ $j ] === $tag ) {
						// Add tag to tagqueue.
						for ( $k = $stacksize - 1; $k >= $j; $k-- ) {
							$tagqueue .= '';
							--$stacksize;
						}
						break;
					}
				}
				$tag = '';
			}
		} else { // Begin tag.
			if ( $has_self_closer ) {
				/*
				 * If it presents itself as a self-closing tag, but it isn't a known single-entity self-closing tag,
				 * then don't let it be treated as such and immediately close it with a closing tag.
				 * The tag will encapsulate no text as a result.
				 */
				if ( ! $is_single_tag ) {
					$attributes = trim( substr( $attributes, 0, -1 ) ) . "> 0 && ! in_array( $tag, $nestable_tags, true ) && $tagstack[ $stacksize - 1 ] === $tag ) {
					$tagqueue = '';
					--$stacksize;
				}
				$stacksize = array_push( $tagstack, $tag );
			}

			// Attributes.
			if ( $has_self_closer && $is_single_tag ) {
				// We need some space - avoid 
     and prefer 
    .
				$pre_attribute_ws = ' ';
			}

			$tag = '<' . $tag . $pre_attribute_ws . $attributes . '>';
			// If already queuing a close tag, then put this tag on too.
			if ( ! empty( $tagqueue ) ) {
				$tagqueue .= $tag;
				$tag       = '';
			}
		}
		$newtext .= substr( $text, 0, $i ) . $tag;
		$text     = substr( $text, $i + $l );
	}

	// Clear tag queue.
	$newtext .= $tagqueue;

	// Add remaining text.
	$newtext .= $text;

	while ( $x = array_pop( $tagstack ) ) {
		$newtext .= ''; // Add remaining tags to close.
	}

	// WP fix for the bug with HTML comments.
	$newtext = str_replace( '< !--', ' ' ) );

	// Collapse line breaks before and after ', $text );
	}

	/*
	 * Collapse line breaks inside  elements, before  and  elements
	 * so they don't get autop'd.
	 */
	if ( str_contains( $text, '' ) ) {
		$text = preg_replace( '|(]*>)\s*|', '$1', $text );
		$text = preg_replace( '|\s*|', '', $text );
		$text = preg_replace( '%\s*(]*>)\s*%', '$1', $text );
	}

	/*
	 * Collapse line breaks inside  and  elements,
	 * before and after  and  elements.
	 */
	if ( str_contains( $text, '\]]*[>\]])\s*%', '$1', $text );
		$text = preg_replace( '%\s*([<\[]/(?:audio|video)[>\]])%', '$1', $text );
		$text = preg_replace( '%\s*(<(?:source|track)[^>]*>)\s*%', '$1', $text );
	}

	// Collapse line breaks before and after 
     elements.
	if ( str_contains( $text, ']*>)|', '$1', $text );
		$text = preg_replace( '|
    \s*|', '', $text );
	}

	// Remove more than two contiguous line breaks.
	$text = preg_replace( "/\n\n+/", "\n\n", $text );

	// Split up the contents into an array of strings, separated by double line breaks.
	$paragraphs = preg_split( '/\n\s*\n/', $text, -1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY );

	// Reset $text prior to rebuilding.
	$text = '';

	// Rebuild the content as a string, wrapping every bit with a 
    .
	foreach ( $paragraphs as $paragraph ) {
		$text .= '
    ' . trim( $paragraph, "\n" ) . "
    \n";
	}

	// Under certain strange conditions it could create a P of entirely whitespace.
	$text = preg_replace( '|
    \s*
    |', '', $text );

	// Add a closing 
     inside 
    , 
    , or  tag if missing.
	$text = preg_replace( '!
    ([^<]+)!', '
    $1
    ', $text );

	// If an opening or closing block element tag is wrapped in a 
    , unwrap it.
	$text = preg_replace( '!
    \s*(]*>)\s*
    !', '$1', $text );

	// In some cases 
  •  may get wrapped in 
    , fix them.
	$text = preg_replace( '|
    (|', '$1', $text );

	// If a 
     is wrapped with a 
    , move it inside the 
    .
	$text = preg_replace( '|
    ]*)>|i', '
    ', $text );
	$text = str_replace( '
    ', '
    ', $text );

	// If an opening or closing block element tag is preceded by an opening 
     tag, remove it.
	$text = preg_replace( '!
    \s*(]*>)!', '$1', $text );

	// If an opening or closing block element tag is followed by a closing 
     tag, remove it.
	$text = preg_replace( '!(]*>)\s*
    !', '$1', $text );

	// Optionally insert line breaks.
	if ( $br ) {
		// Replace newlines that shouldn't be touched with a placeholder.
		$text = preg_replace_callback( '/<(script|style|svg|math).*?<\/\\1>/s', '_autop_newline_preservation_helper', $text );

		// Normalize 
    .
		$text = str_replace( array( '
    ', '
    ' ), '
    ', $text );

		// Replace any new line characters that aren't preceded by a 
     with a 
    .
		$text = preg_replace( '|(?)\s*\n|', "
    \n", $text );

		// Replace newline placeholders with newlines.
		$text = str_replace( '', "\n", $text );
	}

	// If a 
     tag is after an opening or closing block tag, remove it.
	$text = preg_replace( '!(]*>)\s*
    !', '$1', $text );

	// If a 
     tag is before a subset of opening or closing block tags, remove it.
	$text = preg_replace( '!
    (\s*]*>)!', '$1', $text );
	$text = preg_replace( "|\n
    $|", '
    ', $text );

	// Replace placeholder 
     tags with their original content.
	if ( ! empty( $pre_tags ) ) {
		$text = str_replace( array_keys( $pre_tags ), array_values( $pre_tags ), $text );
	}

	// Restore newlines in all elements.
	if ( str_contains( $text, '' ) ) {
		$text = str_replace( array( '  ', '' ), "\n", $text );
	}

	return $text;
}

/**
 * Separates HTML elements and comments from the text.
 *
 * @since 4.2.4
 *
 * @param string $input The text which has to be formatted.
 * @return string[] Array of the formatted text.
 */
function wp_html_split( $input ) {
	return preg_split( get_html_split_regex(), $input, -1, PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE );
}

/**
 * Retrieves the regular expression for an HTML element.
 *
 * @since 4.4.0
 *
 * @return string The regular expression.
 */
function get_html_split_regex() {
	static $regex;

	if ( ! isset( $regex ) ) {
		// phpcs:disable Squiz.Strings.ConcatenationSpacing.PaddingFound -- don't remove regex indentation
		$comments =
			'!'             // Start of comment, after the <.
			. '(?:'         // Unroll the loop: Consume everything until --> is found.
			.     '-(?!->)' // Dash not followed by end of comment.
			.     '[^\-]*+' // Consume non-dashes.
			. ')*+'         // Loop possessively.
			. '(?:-->)?';   // End of comment. If not found, match all input.

		$cdata =
			'!\[CDATA\['    // Start of comment, after the <.
			. '[^\]]*+'     // Consume non-].
			. '(?:'         // Unroll the loop: Consume everything until ]]> is found.
			.     '](?!]>)' // One ] not followed by end of comment.
			.     '[^\]]*+' // Consume non-].
			. ')*+'         // Loop possessively.
			. '(?:]]>)?';   // End of comment. If not found, match all input.

		$escaped =
			'(?='             // Is the element escaped?
			.    '!--'
			. '|'
			.    '!\[CDATA\['
			. ')'
			. '(?(?=!-)'      // If yes, which type?
			.     $comments
			. '|'
			.     $cdata
			. ')';

		$regex =
			'/('                // Capture the entire match.
			.     '<'           // Find start of element.
			.     '(?'          // Conditional expression follows.
			.         $escaped  // Find end of escaped element.
			.     '|'           // ...else...
			.         '[^>]*>?' // Find end of normal element.
			.     ')'
			. ')/';
		// phpcs:enable
	}

	return $regex;
}

/**
 * Retrieves the combined regular expression for HTML and shortcodes.
 *
 * @access private
 * @ignore
 * @internal This function will be removed in 4.5.0 per Shortcode API Roadmap.
 * @since 4.4.0
 *
 * @param string $shortcode_regex Optional. The result from _get_wptexturize_shortcode_regex().
 * @return string The regular expression.
 */
function _get_wptexturize_split_regex( $shortcode_regex = '' ) {
	static $html_regex;

	if ( ! isset( $html_regex ) ) {
		// phpcs:disable Squiz.Strings.ConcatenationSpacing.PaddingFound -- don't remove regex indentation
		$comment_regex =
			'!'             // Start of comment, after the <.
			. '(?:'         // Unroll the loop: Consume everything until --> is found.
			.     '-(?!->)' // Dash not followed by end of comment.
			.     '[^\-]*+' // Consume non-dashes.
			. ')*+'         // Loop possessively.
			. '(?:-->)?';   // End of comment. If not found, match all input.

		$html_regex = // Needs replaced with wp_html_split() per Shortcode API Roadmap.
			'<'                  // Find start of element.
			. '(?(?=!--)'        // Is this a comment?
			.     $comment_regex // Find end of comment.
			. '|'
			.     '[^>]*>?'      // Find end of element. If not found, match all input.
			. ')';
		// phpcs:enable
	}

	if ( empty( $shortcode_regex ) ) {
		$regex = '/(' . $html_regex . ')/';
	} else {
		$regex = '/(' . $html_regex . '|' . $shortcode_regex . ')/';
	}

	return $regex;
}

/**
 * Retrieves the regular expression for shortcodes.
 *
 * @access private
 * @ignore
 * @since 4.4.0
 *
 * @param string[] $tagnames Array of shortcodes to find.
 * @return string The regular expression.
 */
function _get_wptexturize_shortcode_regex( $tagnames ) {
	$tagregexp = implode( '|', array_map( 'preg_quote', $tagnames ) );
	$tagregexp = "(?:$tagregexp)(?=[\\s\\]\\/])"; // Excerpt of get_shortcode_regex().
	// phpcs:disable Squiz.Strings.ConcatenationSpacing.PaddingFound -- don't remove regex indentation
	$regex =
		'\['                // Find start of shortcode.
		. '[\/\[]?'         // Shortcodes may begin with [/ or [[.
		. $tagregexp        // Only match registered shortcodes, because performance.
		. '(?:'
		.     '[^\[\]<>]+'  // Shortcodes do not contain other shortcodes. Quantifier critical.
		. '|'
		.     '<[^\[\]>]*>' // HTML elements permitted. Prevents matching ] before >.
		. ')*+'             // Possessive critical.
		. '\]'              // Find end of shortcode.
		. '\]?';            // Shortcodes may end with ]].
	// phpcs:enable

	return $regex;
}

/**
 * Replaces characters or phrases within HTML elements only.
 *
 * @since 4.2.3
 *
 * @param string $haystack      The text which has to be formatted.
 * @param array  $replace_pairs In the form array('from' => 'to', ...).
 * @return string The formatted text.
 */
function wp_replace_in_html_tags( $haystack, $replace_pairs ) {
	// Find all elements.
	$textarr = wp_html_split( $haystack );
	$changed = false;

	// Optimize when searching for one item.
	if ( 1 === count( $replace_pairs ) ) {
		// Extract $needle and $replace.
		$needle  = array_key_first( $replace_pairs );
		$replace = $replace_pairs[ $needle ];

		// Loop through delimiters (elements) only.
		for ( $i = 1, $c = count( $textarr ); $i < $c; $i += 2 ) {
			if ( str_contains( $textarr[ $i ], $needle ) ) {
				$textarr[ $i ] = str_replace( $needle, $replace, $textarr[ $i ] );
				$changed       = true;
			}
		}
	} else {
		// Extract all $needles.
		$needles = array_keys( $replace_pairs );

		// Loop through delimiters (elements) only.
		for ( $i = 1, $c = count( $textarr ); $i < $c; $i += 2 ) {
			foreach ( $needles as $needle ) {
				if ( str_contains( $textarr[ $i ], $needle ) ) {
					$textarr[ $i ] = strtr( $textarr[ $i ], $replace_pairs );
					$changed       = true;
					// After one strtr() break out of the foreach loop and look at next element.
					break;
				}
			}
		}
	}

	if ( $changed ) {
		$haystack = implode( $textarr );
	}

	return $haystack;
}

/**
 * Newline preservation help function for wpautop().
 *
 * @since 3.1.0
 * @access private
 *
 * @param array $matches preg_replace_callback matches array
 * @return string Text with newlines replaced with placeholders.
 */
function _autop_newline_preservation_helper( $matches ) {
	return str_replace( "\n", '', $matches[0] );
}

/**
 * Don't auto-p wrap shortcodes that stand alone.
 *
 * Ensures that shortcodes are not wrapped in `
    ...
    `.
 *
 * @since 2.9.0
 *
 * @global array $shortcode_tags
 *
 * @param string $text The content.
 * @return string The filtered content.
 */
function shortcode_unautop( $text ) {
	global $shortcode_tags;

	if ( empty( $shortcode_tags ) || ! is_array( $shortcode_tags ) ) {
		return $text;
	}

	$tagregexp = implode( '|', array_map( 'preg_quote', array_keys( $shortcode_tags ) ) );
	$spaces    = wp_spaces_regexp();

	// phpcs:disable Squiz.Strings.ConcatenationSpacing.PaddingFound,Universal.WhiteSpace.PrecisionAlignment.Found -- don't remove regex indentation
	$pattern =
		'/'
		. '
    '                              // Opening paragraph.
		. '(?:' . $spaces . ')*+'            // Optional leading whitespace.
		. '('                                // 1: The shortcode.
		.     '\\['                          // Opening bracket.
		.     "($tagregexp)"                 // 2: Shortcode name.
		.     '(?![\\w-])'                   // Not followed by word character or hyphen.
											 // Unroll the loop: Inside the opening shortcode tag.
		.     '[^\\]\\/]*'                   // Not a closing bracket or forward slash.
		.     '(?:'
		.         '\\/(?!\\])'               // A forward slash not followed by a closing bracket.
		.         '[^\\]\\/]*'               // Not a closing bracket or forward slash.
		.     ')*?'
		.     '(?:'
		.         '\\/\\]'                   // Self closing tag and closing bracket.
		.     '|'
		.         '\\]'                      // Closing bracket.
		.         '(?:'                      // Unroll the loop: Optionally, anything between the opening and closing shortcode tags.
		.             '[^\\[]*+'             // Not an opening bracket.
		.             '(?:'
		.                 '\\[(?!\\/\\2\\])' // An opening bracket not followed by the closing shortcode tag.
		.                 '[^\\[]*+'         // Not an opening bracket.
		.             ')*+'
		.             '\\[\\/\\2\\]'         // Closing shortcode tag.
		.         ')?'
		.     ')'
		. ')'
		. '(?:' . $spaces . ')*+'            // Optional trailing whitespace.
		. '<\\/p>'                           // Closing paragraph.
		. '/';
	// phpcs:enable

	return preg_replace( $pattern, '$1', $text );
}

/**
 * Checks to see if a string is utf8 encoded.
 *
 * NOTE: This function checks for 5-Byte sequences, UTF8
 *       has Bytes Sequences with a maximum length of 4.
 *
 * @author bmorel at ssi dot fr (modified)
 * @since 1.2.1
 * @deprecated 6.9.0 Use {@see wp_is_valid_utf8()} instead.
 *
 * @param string $str The string to be checked.
 * @return bool True if $str fits a UTF-8 model, false otherwise.
 */
function seems_utf8( $str ) {
	_deprecated_function( __FUNCTION__, '6.9.0', 'wp_is_valid_utf8()' );

	mbstring_binary_safe_encoding();
	$length = strlen( $str );
	reset_mbstring_encoding();

	for ( $i = 0; $i < $length; $i++ ) {
		$c = ord( $str[ $i ] );

		if ( $c < 0x80 ) {
			$n = 0; // 0bbbbbbb
		} elseif ( ( $c & 0xE0 ) === 0xC0 ) {
			$n = 1; // 110bbbbb
		} elseif ( ( $c & 0xF0 ) === 0xE0 ) {
			$n = 2; // 1110bbbb
		} elseif ( ( $c & 0xF8 ) === 0xF0 ) {
			$n = 3; // 11110bbb
		} elseif ( ( $c & 0xFC ) === 0xF8 ) {
			$n = 4; // 111110bb
		} elseif ( ( $c & 0xFE ) === 0xFC ) {
			$n = 5; // 1111110b
		} else {
			return false; // Does not match any model.
		}

		for ( $j = 0; $j < $n; $j++ ) { // n bytes matching 10bbbbbb follow?
			if ( ( ++$i === $length ) || ( ( ord( $str[ $i ] ) & 0xC0 ) !== 0x80 ) ) {
				return false;
			}
		}
	}

	return true;
}

/**
 * Converts a number of special characters into their HTML entities.
 *
 * Specifically deals with: `&`, `<`, `>`, `"`, and `'`.
 *
 * `$quote_style` can be set to ENT_COMPAT to encode `"` to
 * `"`, or ENT_QUOTES to do both. Default is ENT_NOQUOTES where no quotes are encoded.
 *
 * @since 1.2.2
 * @since 5.5.0 `$quote_style` also accepts `ENT_XML1`.
 * @access private
 *
 * @param string       $text          The text which is to be encoded.
 * @param int|string   $quote_style   Optional. Converts double quotes if set to ENT_COMPAT,
 *                                    both single and double if set to ENT_QUOTES or none if set to ENT_NOQUOTES.
 *                                    Converts single and double quotes, as well as converting HTML
 *                                    named entities (that are not also XML named entities) to their
 *                                    code points if set to ENT_XML1. Also compatible with old values;
 *                                    converting single quotes if set to 'single',
 *                                    double if set to 'double' or both if otherwise set.
 *                                    Default is ENT_NOQUOTES.
 * @param false|string $charset       Optional. The character encoding of the string. Default false.
 * @param bool         $double_encode Optional. Whether to encode existing HTML entities. Default false.
 * @return string The encoded text with HTML entities.
 */
function _wp_specialchars( $text, $quote_style = ENT_NOQUOTES, $charset = false, $double_encode = false ) {
	$text = (string) $text;

	if ( 0 === strlen( $text ) ) {
		return '';
	}

	// Don't bother if there are no specialchars - saves some processing.
	if ( ! preg_match( '/[&<>"\']/', $text ) ) {
		return $text;
	}

	// Account for the previous behavior of the function when the $quote_style is not an accepted value.
	if ( empty( $quote_style ) ) {
		$quote_style = ENT_NOQUOTES;
	} elseif ( ENT_XML1 === $quote_style ) {
		$quote_style = ENT_QUOTES | ENT_XML1;
	} elseif ( ! in_array( $quote_style, array( ENT_NOQUOTES, ENT_COMPAT, ENT_QUOTES, 'single', 'double' ), true ) ) {
		$quote_style = ENT_QUOTES;
	}

	$charset = _canonical_charset( $charset ? $charset : get_option( 'blog_charset' ) );

	$_quote_style = $quote_style;

	if ( 'double' === $quote_style ) {
		$quote_style  = ENT_COMPAT;
		$_quote_style = ENT_COMPAT;
	} elseif ( 'single' === $quote_style ) {
		$quote_style = ENT_NOQUOTES;
	}

	if ( ! $double_encode ) {
		/*
		 * Guarantee every &entity; is valid, convert &garbage; into &garbage;
		 * This is required for PHP < 5.4.0 because ENT_HTML401 flag is unavailable.
		 */
		$text = wp_kses_normalize_entities( $text, ( $quote_style & ENT_XML1 ) ? 'xml' : 'html' );
	}

	$text = htmlspecialchars( $text, $quote_style, $charset, $double_encode );

	// Back-compat.
	if ( 'single' === $_quote_style ) {
		$text = str_replace( "'", ''', $text );
	}

	return $text;
}

/**
 * Converts a number of HTML entities into their special characters.
 *
 * Specifically deals with: `&`, `<`, `>`, `"`, and `'`.
 *
 * `$quote_style` can be set to ENT_COMPAT to decode `"` entities,
 * or ENT_QUOTES to do both `"` and `'`. Default is ENT_NOQUOTES where no quotes are decoded.
 *
 * @since 2.8.0
 *
 * @param string     $text        The text which is to be decoded.
 * @param string|int $quote_style Optional. Converts double quotes if set to ENT_COMPAT,
 *                                both single and double if set to ENT_QUOTES or
 *                                none if set to ENT_NOQUOTES.
 *                                Also compatible with old _wp_specialchars() values;
 *                                converting single quotes if set to 'single',
 *                                double if set to 'double' or both if otherwise set.
 *                                Default is ENT_NOQUOTES.
 * @return string The decoded text without HTML entities.
 */
function wp_specialchars_decode( $text, $quote_style = ENT_NOQUOTES ) {
	$text = (string) $text;

	if ( 0 === strlen( $text ) ) {
		return '';
	}

	// Don't bother if there are no entities - saves a lot of processing.
	if ( ! str_contains( $text, '&' ) ) {
		return $text;
	}

	// Match the previous behavior of _wp_specialchars() when the $quote_style is not an accepted value.
	if ( empty( $quote_style ) ) {
		$quote_style = ENT_NOQUOTES;
	} elseif ( ! in_array( $quote_style, array( 0, 2, 3, 'single', 'double' ), true ) ) {
		$quote_style = ENT_QUOTES;
	}

	// More complete than get_html_translation_table( HTML_SPECIALCHARS ).
	$single      = array(
		''' => '\'',
		''' => '\'',
	);
	$single_preg = array(
		'/�*39;/'   => ''',
		'/�*27;/i' => ''',
	);
	$double      = array(
		'"' => '"',
		'"' => '"',
		'"' => '"',
	);
	$double_preg = array(
		'/�*34;/'   => '"',
		'/�*22;/i' => '"',
	);
	$others      = array(
		'<'   => '<',
		'<' => '<',
		'>'   => '>',
		'>' => '>',
		'&'  => '&',
		'&' => '&',
		'&' => '&',
	);
	$others_preg = array(
		'/�*60;/'   => '<',
		'/�*62;/'   => '>',
		'/�*38;/'   => '&',
		'/�*26;/i' => '&',
	);

	if ( ENT_QUOTES === $quote_style ) {
		$translation      = array_merge( $single, $double, $others );
		$translation_preg = array_merge( $single_preg, $double_preg, $others_preg );
	} elseif ( ENT_COMPAT === $quote_style || 'double' === $quote_style ) {
		$translation      = array_merge( $double, $others );
		$translation_preg = array_merge( $double_preg, $others_preg );
	} elseif ( 'single' === $quote_style ) {
		$translation      = array_merge( $single, $others );
		$translation_preg = array_merge( $single_preg, $others_preg );
	} elseif ( ENT_NOQUOTES === $quote_style ) {
		$translation      = $others;
		$translation_preg = $others_preg;
	}

	// Remove zero padding on numeric entities.
	$text = preg_replace( array_keys( $translation_preg ), array_values( $translation_preg ), $text );

	// Replace characters according to translation table.
	return strtr( $text, $translation );
}

/**
 * Checks for invalid UTF8 in a string.
 *
 * Note! This function only performs its work if the `blog_charset` is set
 * to UTF-8. For all other values it returns the input text unchanged.
 *
 * Note! Unless requested, this returns an empty string if the input contains
 * any sequences of invalid UTF-8. To replace invalid byte sequences, pass
 * `true` as the optional `$strip` parameter.
 *
 * Consider using {@see wp_scrub_utf8()} instead which does not depend on
 * the value of `blog_charset`.
 *
 * Example:
 *
 *     // The `blog_charset` is `latin1`, so this returns the input unchanged.
 *     $every_possible_input === wp_check_invalid_utf8( $every_possible_input );
 *
 *     // Valid strings come through unchanged.
 *     'test' === wp_check_invalid_utf8( 'test' );
 *
 *     $invalid = "the byte \xC0 is never allowed in a UTF-8 string.";
 *
 *     // Invalid strings are rejected outright.
 *     '' === wp_check_invalid_utf8( $invalid );
 *
 *     // “Stripping” invalid sequences produces the replacement character instead.
 *     "the byte \u{FFFD} is never allowed in a UTF-8 string." === wp_check_invalid_utf8( $invalid, true );
 *     'the byte � is never allowed in a UTF-8 string.' === wp_check_invalid_utf8( $invalid, true );
 *
 * @since 2.8.0
 * @since 6.9.0 Stripping replaces invalid byte sequences with the Unicode replacement character U+FFFD (�).
 *
 * @param string $text   String which is expected to be encoded as UTF-8 unless `blog_charset` is another encoding.
 * @param bool   $strip  Optional. Whether to replace invalid sequences of bytes with the Unicode replacement
 *                       character (U+FFFD `�`). Default `false` returns an empty string for invalid UTF-8 inputs.
 * @return string The checked text.
 */
function wp_check_invalid_utf8( $text, $strip = false ) {
	$text = (string) $text;

	if ( 0 === strlen( $text ) ) {
		return '';
	}

	// Store the site charset as a static to avoid multiple calls to get_option().
	static $is_utf8 = null;
	if ( ! isset( $is_utf8 ) ) {
		$is_utf8 = is_utf8_charset();
	}

	if ( ! $is_utf8 || wp_is_valid_utf8( $text ) ) {
		return $text;
	}

	return $strip
		? wp_scrub_utf8( $text )
		: '';
}

/**
 * Encodes the Unicode values to be used in the URI.
 *
 * @since 1.5.0
 * @since 5.8.3 Added the `encode_ascii_characters` parameter.
 *
 * @param string $utf8_string             String to encode.
 * @param int    $length                  Max length of the string.
 * @param bool   $encode_ascii_characters Whether to encode ascii characters such as < " '
 * @return string String with Unicode encoded for URI.
 */
function utf8_uri_encode( $utf8_string, $length = 0, $encode_ascii_characters = false ) {
	$unicode        = '';
	$values         = array();
	$num_octets     = 1;
	$unicode_length = 0;

	mbstring_binary_safe_encoding();
	$string_length = strlen( $utf8_string );
	reset_mbstring_encoding();

	for ( $i = 0; $i < $string_length; $i++ ) {

		$value = ord( $utf8_string[ $i ] );

		if ( $value < 128 ) {
			$char                = chr( $value );
			$encoded_char        = $encode_ascii_characters ? rawurlencode( $char ) : $char;
			$encoded_char_length = strlen( $encoded_char );
			if ( $length && ( $unicode_length + $encoded_char_length ) > $length ) {
				break;
			}
			$unicode        .= $encoded_char;
			$unicode_length += $encoded_char_length;
		} else {
			if ( 0 === count( $values ) ) {
				if ( $value < 224 ) {
					$num_octets = 2;
				} elseif ( $value < 240 ) {
					$num_octets = 3;
				} else {
					$num_octets = 4;
				}
			}

			$values[] = $value;

			if ( $length && ( $unicode_length + ( $num_octets * 3 ) ) > $length ) {
				break;
			}
			if ( count( $values ) === $num_octets ) {
				for ( $j = 0; $j < $num_octets; $j++ ) {
					$unicode .= '%' . dechex( $values[ $j ] );
				}

				$unicode_length += $num_octets * 3;

				$values     = array();
				$num_octets = 1;
			}
		}
	}

	return $unicode;
}

/**
 * Converts all accent characters to ASCII characters.
 *
 * If there are no accent characters, then the string given is just returned.
 *
 * **Accent characters converted:**
 *
 * Currency signs:
 *
 * |   Code   | Glyph | Replacement |     Description     |
 * | -------- | ----- | ----------- | ------------------- |
 * | U+00A3   | £     | (empty)     | British Pound sign  |
 * | U+20AC   | €     | E           | Euro sign           |
 *
 * Decompositions for Latin-1 Supplement:
 *
 * |  Code   | Glyph | Replacement |               Description              |
 * | ------- | ----- | ----------- | -------------------------------------- |
 * | U+00AA  | ª     | a           | Feminine ordinal indicator             |
 * | U+00BA  | º     | o           | Masculine ordinal indicator            |
 * | U+00C0  | À     | A           | Latin capital letter A with grave      |
 * | U+00C1  | Á     | A           | Latin capital letter A with acute      |
 * | U+00C2  | Â     | A           | Latin capital letter A with circumflex |
 * | U+00C3  | Ã     | A           | Latin capital letter A with tilde      |
 * | U+00C4  | Ä     | A           | Latin capital letter A with diaeresis  |
 * | U+00C5  | Å     | A           | Latin capital letter A with ring above |
 * | U+00C6  | Æ     | AE          | Latin capital letter AE                |
 * | U+00C7  | Ç     | C           | Latin capital letter C with cedilla    |
 * | U+00C8  | È     | E           | Latin capital letter E with grave      |
 * | U+00C9  | É     | E           | Latin capital letter E with acute      |
 * | U+00CA  | Ê     | E           | Latin capital letter E with circumflex |
 * | U+00CB  | Ë     | E           | Latin capital letter E with diaeresis  |
 * | U+00CC  | Ì     | I           | Latin capital letter I with grave      |
 * | U+00CD  | Í     | I           | Latin capital letter I with acute      |
 * | U+00CE  | Î     | I           | Latin capital letter I with circumflex |
 * | U+00CF  | Ï     | I           | Latin capital letter I with diaeresis  |
 * | U+00D0  | Ð     | D           | Latin capital letter Eth               |
 * | U+00D1  | Ñ     | N           | Latin capital letter N with tilde      |
 * | U+00D2  | Ò     | O           | Latin capital letter O with grave      |
 * | U+00D3  | Ó     | O           | Latin capital letter O with acute      |
 * | U+00D4  | Ô     | O           | Latin capital letter O with circumflex |
 * | U+00D5  | Õ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with tilde      |
 * | U+00D6  | Ö     | O           | Latin capital letter O with diaeresis  |
 * | U+00D8  | Ø     | O           | Latin capital letter O with stroke     |
 * | U+00D9  | Ù     | U           | Latin capital letter U with grave      |
 * | U+00DA  | Ú     | U           | Latin capital letter U with acute      |
 * | U+00DB  | Û     | U           | Latin capital letter U with circumflex |
 * | U+00DC  | Ü     | U           | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis  |
 * | U+00DD  | Ý     | Y           | Latin capital letter Y with acute      |
 * | U+00DE  | Þ     | TH          | Latin capital letter Thorn             |
 * | U+00DF  | ß     | s           | Latin small letter sharp s             |
 * | U+00E0  | à     | a           | Latin small letter a with grave        |
 * | U+00E1  | á     | a           | Latin small letter a with acute        |
 * | U+00E2  | â     | a           | Latin small letter a with circumflex   |
 * | U+00E3  | ã     | a           | Latin small letter a with tilde        |
 * | U+00E4  | ä     | a           | Latin small letter a with diaeresis    |
 * | U+00E5  | å     | a           | Latin small letter a with ring above   |
 * | U+00E6  | æ     | ae          | Latin small letter ae                  |
 * | U+00E7  | ç     | c           | Latin small letter c with cedilla      |
 * | U+00E8  | è     | e           | Latin small letter e with grave        |
 * | U+00E9  | é     | e           | Latin small letter e with acute        |
 * | U+00EA  | ê     | e           | Latin small letter e with circumflex   |
 * | U+00EB  | ë     | e           | Latin small letter e with diaeresis    |
 * | U+00EC  | ì     | i           | Latin small letter i with grave        |
 * | U+00ED  | í     | i           | Latin small letter i with acute        |
 * | U+00EE  | î     | i           | Latin small letter i with circumflex   |
 * | U+00EF  | ï     | i           | Latin small letter i with diaeresis    |
 * | U+00F0  | ð     | d           | Latin small letter Eth                 |
 * | U+00F1  | ñ     | n           | Latin small letter n with tilde        |
 * | U+00F2  | ò     | o           | Latin small letter o with grave        |
 * | U+00F3  | ó     | o           | Latin small letter o with acute        |
 * | U+00F4  | ô     | o           | Latin small letter o with circumflex   |
 * | U+00F5  | õ     | o           | Latin small letter o with tilde        |
 * | U+00F6  | ö     | o           | Latin small letter o with diaeresis    |
 * | U+00F8  | ø     | o           | Latin small letter o with stroke       |
 * | U+00F9  | ù     | u           | Latin small letter u with grave        |
 * | U+00FA  | ú     | u           | Latin small letter u with acute        |
 * | U+00FB  | û     | u           | Latin small letter u with circumflex   |
 * | U+00FC  | ü     | u           | Latin small letter u with diaeresis    |
 * | U+00FD  | ý     | y           | Latin small letter y with acute        |
 * | U+00FE  | þ     | th          | Latin small letter Thorn               |
 * | U+00FF  | ÿ     | y           | Latin small letter y with diaeresis    |
 *
 * Decompositions for Latin Extended-A:
 *
 * |  Code   | Glyph | Replacement |                    Description                    |
 * | ------- | ----- | ----------- | ------------------------------------------------- |
 * | U+0100  | Ā     | A           | Latin capital letter A with macron                |
 * | U+0101  | ā     | a           | Latin small letter a with macron                  |
 * | U+0102  | Ă     | A           | Latin capital letter A with breve                 |
 * | U+0103  | ă     | a           | Latin small letter a with breve                   |
 * | U+0104  | Ą     | A           | Latin capital letter A with ogonek                |
 * | U+0105  | ą     | a           | Latin small letter a with ogonek                  |
 * | U+01006 | Ć     | C           | Latin capital letter C with acute                 |
 * | U+0107  | ć     | c           | Latin small letter c with acute                   |
 * | U+0108  | Ĉ     | C           | Latin capital letter C with circumflex            |
 * | U+0109  | ĉ     | c           | Latin small letter c with circumflex              |
 * | U+010A  | Ċ     | C           | Latin capital letter C with dot above             |
 * | U+010B  | ċ     | c           | Latin small letter c with dot above               |
 * | U+010C  | Č     | C           | Latin capital letter C with caron                 |
 * | U+010D  | č     | c           | Latin small letter c with caron                   |
 * | U+010E  | Ď     | D           | Latin capital letter D with caron                 |
 * | U+010F  | ď     | d           | Latin small letter d with caron                   |
 * | U+0110  | Đ     | D           | Latin capital letter D with stroke                |
 * | U+0111  | đ     | d           | Latin small letter d with stroke                  |
 * | U+0112  | Ē     | E           | Latin capital letter E with macron                |
 * | U+0113  | ē     | e           | Latin small letter e with macron                  |
 * | U+0114  | Ĕ     | E           | Latin capital letter E with breve                 |
 * | U+0115  | ĕ     | e           | Latin small letter e with breve                   |
 * | U+0116  | Ė     | E           | Latin capital letter E with dot above             |
 * | U+0117  | ė     | e           | Latin small letter e with dot above               |
 * | U+0118  | Ę     | E           | Latin capital letter E with ogonek                |
 * | U+0119  | ę     | e           | Latin small letter e with ogonek                  |
 * | U+011A  | Ě     | E           | Latin capital letter E with caron                 |
 * | U+011B  | ě     | e           | Latin small letter e with caron                   |
 * | U+011C  | Ĝ     | G           | Latin capital letter G with circumflex            |
 * | U+011D  | ĝ     | g           | Latin small letter g with circumflex              |
 * | U+011E  | Ğ     | G           | Latin capital letter G with breve                 |
 * | U+011F  | ğ     | g           | Latin small letter g with breve                   |
 * | U+0120  | Ġ     | G           | Latin capital letter G with dot above             |
 * | U+0121  | ġ     | g           | Latin small letter g with dot above               |
 * | U+0122  | Ģ     | G           | Latin capital letter G with cedilla               |
 * | U+0123  | ģ     | g           | Latin small letter g with cedilla                 |
 * | U+0124  | Ĥ     | H           | Latin capital letter H with circumflex            |
 * | U+0125  | ĥ     | h           | Latin small letter h with circumflex              |
 * | U+0126  | Ħ     | H           | Latin capital letter H with stroke                |
 * | U+0127  | ħ     | h           | Latin small letter h with stroke                  |
 * | U+0128  | Ĩ     | I           | Latin capital letter I with tilde                 |
 * | U+0129  | ĩ     | i           | Latin small letter i with tilde                   |
 * | U+012A  | Ī     | I           | Latin capital letter I with macron                |
 * | U+012B  | ī     | i           | Latin small letter i with macron                  |
 * | U+012C  | Ĭ     | I           | Latin capital letter I with breve                 |
 * | U+012D  | ĭ     | i           | Latin small letter i with breve                   |
 * | U+012E  | Į     | I           | Latin capital letter I with ogonek                |
 * | U+012F  | į     | i           | Latin small letter i with ogonek                  |
 * | U+0130  | İ     | I           | Latin capital letter I with dot above             |
 * | U+0131  | ı     | i           | Latin small letter dotless i                      |
 * | U+0132  | IJ     | IJ          | Latin capital ligature IJ                         |
 * | U+0133  | ij     | ij          | Latin small ligature ij                           |
 * | U+0134  | Ĵ     | J           | Latin capital letter J with circumflex            |
 * | U+0135  | ĵ     | j           | Latin small letter j with circumflex              |
 * | U+0136  | Ķ     | K           | Latin capital letter K with cedilla               |
 * | U+0137  | ķ     | k           | Latin small letter k with cedilla                 |
 * | U+0138  | ĸ     | k           | Latin small letter Kra                            |
 * | U+0139  | Ĺ     | L           | Latin capital letter L with acute                 |
 * | U+013A  | ĺ     | l           | Latin small letter l with acute                   |
 * | U+013B  | Ļ     | L           | Latin capital letter L with cedilla               |
 * | U+013C  | ļ     | l           | Latin small letter l with cedilla                 |
 * | U+013D  | Ľ     | L           | Latin capital letter L with caron                 |
 * | U+013E  | ľ     | l           | Latin small letter l with caron                   |
 * | U+013F  | Ŀ     | L           | Latin capital letter L with middle dot            |
 * | U+0140  | ŀ     | l           | Latin small letter l with middle dot              |
 * | U+0141  | Ł     | L           | Latin capital letter L with stroke                |
 * | U+0142  | ł     | l           | Latin small letter l with stroke                  |
 * | U+0143  | Ń     | N           | Latin capital letter N with acute                 |
 * | U+0144  | ń     | n           | Latin small letter N with acute                   |
 * | U+0145  | Ņ     | N           | Latin capital letter N with cedilla               |
 * | U+0146  | ņ     | n           | Latin small letter n with cedilla                 |
 * | U+0147  | Ň     | N           | Latin capital letter N with caron                 |
 * | U+0148  | ň     | n           | Latin small letter n with caron                   |
 * | U+0149  | ʼn     | n           | Latin small letter n preceded by apostrophe       |
 * | U+014A  | Ŋ     | N           | Latin capital letter Eng                          |
 * | U+014B  | ŋ     | n           | Latin small letter Eng                            |
 * | U+014C  | Ō     | O           | Latin capital letter O with macron                |
 * | U+014D  | ō     | o           | Latin small letter o with macron                  |
 * | U+014E  | Ŏ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with breve                 |
 * | U+014F  | ŏ     | o           | Latin small letter o with breve                   |
 * | U+0150  | Ő     | O           | Latin capital letter O with double acute          |
 * | U+0151  | ő     | o           | Latin small letter o with double acute            |
 * | U+0152  | Π    | OE          | Latin capital ligature OE                         |
 * | U+0153  | œ     | oe          | Latin small ligature oe                           |
 * | U+0154  | Ŕ     | R           | Latin capital letter R with acute                 |
 * | U+0155  | ŕ     | r           | Latin small letter r with acute                   |
 * | U+0156  | Ŗ     | R           | Latin capital letter R with cedilla               |
 * | U+0157  | ŗ     | r           | Latin small letter r with cedilla                 |
 * | U+0158  | Ř     | R           | Latin capital letter R with caron                 |
 * | U+0159  | ř     | r           | Latin small letter r with caron                   |
 * | U+015A  | Ś     | S           | Latin capital letter S with acute                 |
 * | U+015B  | ś     | s           | Latin small letter s with acute                   |
 * | U+015C  | Ŝ     | S           | Latin capital letter S with circumflex            |
 * | U+015D  | ŝ     | s           | Latin small letter s with circumflex              |
 * | U+015E  | Ş     | S           | Latin capital letter S with cedilla               |
 * | U+015F  | ş     | s           | Latin small letter s with cedilla                 |
 * | U+0160  | Š     | S           | Latin capital letter S with caron                 |
 * | U+0161  | š     | s           | Latin small letter s with caron                   |
 * | U+0162  | Ţ     | T           | Latin capital letter T with cedilla               |
 * | U+0163  | ţ     | t           | Latin small letter t with cedilla                 |
 * | U+0164  | Ť     | T           | Latin capital letter T with caron                 |
 * | U+0165  | ť     | t           | Latin small letter t with caron                   |
 * | U+0166  | Ŧ     | T           | Latin capital letter T with stroke                |
 * | U+0167  | ŧ     | t           | Latin small letter t with stroke                  |
 * | U+0168  | Ũ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with tilde                 |
 * | U+0169  | ũ     | u           | Latin small letter u with tilde                   |
 * | U+016A  | Ū     | U           | Latin capital letter U with macron                |
 * | U+016B  | ū     | u           | Latin small letter u with macron                  |
 * | U+016C  | Ŭ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with breve                 |
 * | U+016D  | ŭ     | u           | Latin small letter u with breve                   |
 * | U+016E  | Ů     | U           | Latin capital letter U with ring above            |
 * | U+016F  | ů     | u           | Latin small letter u with ring above              |
 * | U+0170  | Ű     | U           | Latin capital letter U with double acute          |
 * | U+0171  | ű     | u           | Latin small letter u with double acute            |
 * | U+0172  | Ų     | U           | Latin capital letter U with ogonek                |
 * | U+0173  | ų     | u           | Latin small letter u with ogonek                  |
 * | U+0174  | Ŵ     | W           | Latin capital letter W with circumflex            |
 * | U+0175  | ŵ     | w           | Latin small letter w with circumflex              |
 * | U+0176  | Ŷ     | Y           | Latin capital letter Y with circumflex            |
 * | U+0177  | ŷ     | y           | Latin small letter y with circumflex              |
 * | U+0178  | Ÿ     | Y           | Latin capital letter Y with diaeresis             |
 * | U+0179  | Ź     | Z           | Latin capital letter Z with acute                 |
 * | U+017A  | ź     | z           | Latin small letter z with acute                   |
 * | U+017B  | Ż     | Z           | Latin capital letter Z with dot above             |
 * | U+017C  | ż     | z           | Latin small letter z with dot above               |
 * | U+017D  | Ž     | Z           | Latin capital letter Z with caron                 |
 * | U+017E  | ž     | z           | Latin small letter z with caron                   |
 * | U+017F  | ſ     | s           | Latin small letter long s                         |
 * | U+01A0  | Ơ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with horn                  |
 * | U+01A1  | ơ     | o           | Latin small letter o with horn                    |
 * | U+01AF  | Ư     | U           | Latin capital letter U with horn                  |
 * | U+01B0  | ư     | u           | Latin small letter u with horn                    |
 * | U+01CD  | Ǎ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with caron                 |
 * | U+01CE  | ǎ     | a           | Latin small letter a with caron                   |
 * | U+01CF  | Ǐ     | I           | Latin capital letter I with caron                 |
 * | U+01D0  | ǐ     | i           | Latin small letter i with caron                   |
 * | U+01D1  | Ǒ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with caron                 |
 * | U+01D2  | ǒ     | o           | Latin small letter o with caron                   |
 * | U+01D3  | Ǔ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with caron                 |
 * | U+01D4  | ǔ     | u           | Latin small letter u with caron                   |
 * | U+01D5  | Ǖ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis and macron  |
 * | U+01D6  | ǖ     | u           | Latin small letter u with diaeresis and macron    |
 * | U+01D7  | Ǘ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis and acute   |
 * | U+01D8  | ǘ     | u           | Latin small letter u with diaeresis and acute     |
 * | U+01D9  | Ǚ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis and caron   |
 * | U+01DA  | ǚ     | u           | Latin small letter u with diaeresis and caron     |
 * | U+01DB  | Ǜ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis and grave   |
 * | U+01DC  | ǜ     | u           | Latin small letter u with diaeresis and grave     |
 *
 * Decompositions for Latin Extended-B:
 *
 * |   Code   | Glyph | Replacement |                Description                |
 * | -------- | ----- | ----------- | ----------------------------------------- |
 * | U+018F   | Ə     | E           | Latin capital letter Ə                    |
 * | U+0259   | ǝ     | e           | Latin small letter ǝ                      |
 * | U+0218   | Ș     | S           | Latin capital letter S with comma below   |
 * | U+0219   | ș     | s           | Latin small letter s with comma below     |
 * | U+021A   | Ț     | T           | Latin capital letter T with comma below   |
 * | U+021B   | ț     | t           | Latin small letter t with comma below     |
 *
 * Vowels with diacritic (Chinese, Hanyu Pinyin):
 *
 * |   Code   | Glyph | Replacement |                      Description                      |
 * | -------- | ----- | ----------- | ----------------------------------------------------- |
 * | U+0251   | ɑ     | a           | Latin small letter alpha                              |
 * | U+1EA0   | Ạ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with dot below                 |
 * | U+1EA1   | ạ     | a           | Latin small letter a with dot below                   |
 * | U+1EA2   | Ả     | A           | Latin capital letter A with hook above                |
 * | U+1EA3   | ả     | a           | Latin small letter a with hook above                  |
 * | U+1EA4   | Ấ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with circumflex and acute      |
 * | U+1EA5   | ấ     | a           | Latin small letter a with circumflex and acute        |
 * | U+1EA6   | Ầ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with circumflex and grave      |
 * | U+1EA7   | ầ     | a           | Latin small letter a with circumflex and grave        |
 * | U+1EA8   | Ẩ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with circumflex and hook above |
 * | U+1EA9   | ẩ     | a           | Latin small letter a with circumflex and hook above   |
 * | U+1EAA   | Ẫ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with circumflex and tilde      |
 * | U+1EAB   | ẫ     | a           | Latin small letter a with circumflex and tilde        |
 * | U+1EA6   | Ậ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with circumflex and dot below  |
 * | U+1EAD   | ậ     | a           | Latin small letter a with circumflex and dot below    |
 * | U+1EAE   | Ắ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with breve and acute           |
 * | U+1EAF   | ắ     | a           | Latin small letter a with breve and acute             |
 * | U+1EB0   | Ằ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with breve and grave           |
 * | U+1EB1   | ằ     | a           | Latin small letter a with breve and grave             |
 * | U+1EB2   | Ẳ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with breve and hook above      |
 * | U+1EB3   | ẳ     | a           | Latin small letter a with breve and hook above        |
 * | U+1EB4   | Ẵ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with breve and tilde           |
 * | U+1EB5   | ẵ     | a           | Latin small letter a with breve and tilde             |
 * | U+1EB6   | Ặ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with breve and dot below       |
 * | U+1EB7   | ặ     | a           | Latin small letter a with breve and dot below         |
 * | U+1EB8   | Ẹ     | E           | Latin capital letter E with dot below                 |
 * | U+1EB9   | ẹ     | e           | Latin small letter e with dot below                   |
 * | U+1EBA   | Ẻ     | E           | Latin capital letter E with hook above                |
 * | U+1EBB   | ẻ     | e           | Latin small letter e with hook above                  |
 * | U+1EBC   | Ẽ     | E           | Latin capital letter E with tilde                     |
 * | U+1EBD   | ẽ     | e           | Latin small letter e with tilde                       |
 * | U+1EBE   | Ế     | E           | Latin capital letter E with circumflex and acute      |
 * | U+1EBF   | ế     | e           | Latin small letter e with circumflex and acute        |
 * | U+1EC0   | Ề     | E           | Latin capital letter E with circumflex and grave      |
 * | U+1EC1   | ề     | e           | Latin small letter e with circumflex and grave        |
 * | U+1EC2   | Ể     | E           | Latin capital letter E with circumflex and hook above |
 * | U+1EC3   | ể     | e           | Latin small letter e with circumflex and hook above   |
 * | U+1EC4   | Ễ     | E           | Latin capital letter E with circumflex and tilde      |
 * | U+1EC5   | ễ     | e           | Latin small letter e with circumflex and tilde        |
 * | U+1EC6   | Ệ     | E           | Latin capital letter E with circumflex and dot below  |
 * | U+1EC7   | ệ     | e           | Latin small letter e with circumflex and dot below    |
 * | U+1EC8   | Ỉ     | I           | Latin capital letter I with hook above                |
 * | U+1EC9   | ỉ     | i           | Latin small letter i with hook above                  |
 * | U+1ECA   | Ị     | I           | Latin capital letter I with dot below                 |
 * | U+1ECB   | ị     | i           | Latin small letter i with dot below                   |
 * | U+1ECC   | Ọ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with dot below                 |
 * | U+1ECD   | ọ     | o           | Latin small letter o with dot below                   |
 * | U+1ECE   | Ỏ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with hook above                |
 * | U+1ECF   | ỏ     | o           | Latin small letter o with hook above                  |
 * | U+1ED0   | Ố     | O           | Latin capital letter O with circumflex and acute      |
 * | U+1ED1   | ố     | o           | Latin small letter o with circumflex and acute        |
 * | U+1ED2   | Ồ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with circumflex and grave      |
 * | U+1ED3   | ồ     | o           | Latin small letter o with circumflex and grave        |
 * | U+1ED4   | Ổ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with circumflex and hook above |
 * | U+1ED5   | ổ     | o           | Latin small letter o with circumflex and hook above   |
 * | U+1ED6   | Ỗ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with circumflex and tilde      |
 * | U+1ED7   | ỗ     | o           | Latin small letter o with circumflex and tilde        |
 * | U+1ED8   | Ộ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with circumflex and dot below  |
 * | U+1ED9   | ộ     | o           | Latin small letter o with circumflex and dot below    |
 * | U+1EDA   | Ớ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with horn and acute            |
 * | U+1EDB   | ớ     | o           | Latin small letter o with horn and acute              |
 * | U+1EDC   | Ờ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with horn and grave            |
 * | U+1EDD   | ờ     | o           | Latin small letter o with horn and grave              |
 * | U+1EDE   | Ở     | O           | Latin capital letter O with horn and hook above       |
 * | U+1EDF   | ở     | o           | Latin small letter o with horn and hook above         |
 * | U+1EE0   | Ỡ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with horn and tilde            |
 * | U+1EE1   | ỡ     | o           | Latin small letter o with horn and tilde              |
 * | U+1EE2   | Ợ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with horn and dot below        |
 * | U+1EE3   | ợ     | o           | Latin small letter o with horn and dot below          |
 * | U+1EE4   | Ụ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with dot below                 |
 * | U+1EE5   | ụ     | u           | Latin small letter u with dot below                   |
 * | U+1EE6   | Ủ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with hook above                |
 * | U+1EE7   | ủ     | u           | Latin small letter u with hook above                  |
 * | U+1EE8   | Ứ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with horn and acute            |
 * | U+1EE9   | ứ     | u           | Latin small letter u with horn and acute              |
 * | U+1EEA   | Ừ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with horn and grave            |
 * | U+1EEB   | ừ     | u           | Latin small letter u with horn and grave              |
 * | U+1EEC   | Ử     | U           | Latin capital letter U with horn and hook above       |
 * | U+1EED   | ử     | u           | Latin small letter u with horn and hook above         |
 * | U+1EEE   | Ữ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with horn and tilde            |
 * | U+1EEF   | ữ     | u           | Latin small letter u with horn and tilde              |
 * | U+1EF0   | Ự     | U           | Latin capital letter U with horn and dot below        |
 * | U+1EF1   | ự     | u           | Latin small letter u with horn and dot below          |
 * | U+1EF2   | Ỳ     | Y           | Latin capital letter Y with grave                     |
 * | U+1EF3   | ỳ     | y           | Latin small letter y with grave                       |
 * | U+1EF4   | Ỵ     | Y           | Latin capital letter Y with dot below                 |
 * | U+1EF5   | ỵ     | y           | Latin small letter y with dot below                   |
 * | U+1EF6   | Ỷ     | Y           | Latin capital letter Y with hook above                |
 * | U+1EF7   | ỷ     | y           | Latin small letter y with hook above                  |
 * | U+1EF8   | Ỹ     | Y           | Latin capital letter Y with tilde                     |
 * | U+1EF9   | ỹ     | y           | Latin small letter y with tilde                       |
 *
 * German (`de_DE`), German formal (`de_DE_formal`), German (Switzerland) formal (`de_CH`),
 * German (Switzerland) informal (`de_CH_informal`), and German (Austria) (`de_AT`) locales:
 *
 * |   Code   | Glyph | Replacement |               Description               |
 * | -------- | ----- | ----------- | --------------------------------------- |
 * | U+00C4   | Ä     | Ae          | Latin capital letter A with diaeresis   |
 * | U+00E4   | ä     | ae          | Latin small letter a with diaeresis     |
 * | U+00D6   | Ö     | Oe          | Latin capital letter O with diaeresis   |
 * | U+00F6   | ö     | oe          | Latin small letter o with diaeresis     |
 * | U+00DC   | Ü     | Ue          | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis   |
 * | U+00FC   | ü     | ue          | Latin small letter u with diaeresis     |
 * | U+1E9E   | ẞ     | SS          | Latin capital letter sharp s            |
 * | U+00DF   | ß     | ss          | Latin small letter sharp s              |
 *
 * Danish (`da_DK`) locale:
 *
 * |   Code   | Glyph | Replacement |               Description               |
 * | -------- | ----- | ----------- | --------------------------------------- |
 * | U+00C6   | Æ     | Ae          | Latin capital letter AE                 |
 * | U+00E6   | æ     | ae          | Latin small letter ae                   |
 * | U+00D8   | Ø     | Oe          | Latin capital letter O with stroke      |
 * | U+00F8   | ø     | oe          | Latin small letter o with stroke        |
 * | U+00C5   | Å     | Aa          | Latin capital letter A with ring above  |
 * | U+00E5   | å     | aa          | Latin small letter a with ring above    |
 *
 * Catalan (`ca`) locale:
 *
 * |   Code   | Glyph | Replacement |               Description               |
 * | -------- | ----- | ----------- | --------------------------------------- |
 * | U+00B7   | l·l   | ll          | Flown dot (between two Ls)              |
 *
 * Serbian (`sr_RS`) and Bosnian (`bs_BA`) locales:
 *
 * |   Code   | Glyph | Replacement |               Description               |
 * | -------- | ----- | ----------- | --------------------------------------- |
 * | U+0110   | Đ     | DJ          | Latin capital letter D with stroke      |
 * | U+0111   | đ     | dj          | Latin small letter d with stroke        |
 *
 * @since 1.2.1
 * @since 4.6.0 Added locale support for `de_CH`, `de_CH_informal`, and `ca`.
 * @since 4.7.0 Added locale support for `sr_RS`.
 * @since 4.8.0 Added locale support for `bs_BA`.
 * @since 5.7.0 Added locale support for `de_AT`.
 * @since 6.0.0 Added the `$locale` parameter.
 * @since 6.1.0 Added Unicode NFC encoding normalization support.
 * @since 7.0.0 Added capital Eszett (U+1E9E) support for German locales.
 *
 * @param string $text   Text that might have accent characters.
 * @param string $locale Optional. The locale to use for accent removal. Some character
 *                       replacements depend on the locale being used (e.g. 'de_DE').
 *                       Defaults to the current locale.
 * @return string Filtered string with replaced "nice" characters.
 */
function remove_accents( $text, $locale = '' ) {
	if ( ! preg_match( '/[\x80-\xff]/', $text ) ) {
		return $text;
	}

	if ( wp_is_valid_utf8( $text ) ) {

		/*
		 * Unicode sequence normalization from NFD (Normalization Form Decomposed)
		 * to NFC (Normalization Form [Pre]Composed), the encoding used in this function.
		 */
		if ( function_exists( 'normalizer_is_normalized' )
			&& function_exists( 'normalizer_normalize' )
		) {
			if ( ! normalizer_is_normalized( $text ) ) {
				$text = normalizer_normalize( $text );
			}
		}

		$chars = array(
			// Decompositions for Latin-1 Supplement.
			'ª' => 'a',
			'º' => 'o',
			'À' => 'A',
			'Á' => 'A',
			'Â' => 'A',
			'Ã' => 'A',
			'Ä' => 'A',
			'Å' => 'A',
			'Æ' => 'AE',
			'Ç' => 'C',
			'È' => 'E',
			'É' => 'E',
			'Ê' => 'E',
			'Ë' => 'E',
			'Ì' => 'I',
			'Í' => 'I',
			'Î' => 'I',
			'Ï' => 'I',
			'Ð' => 'D',
			'Ñ' => 'N',
			'Ò' => 'O',
			'Ó' => 'O',
			'Ô' => 'O',
			'Õ' => 'O',
			'Ö' => 'O',
			'Ù' => 'U',
			'Ú' => 'U',
			'Û' => 'U',
			'Ü' => 'U',
			'Ý' => 'Y',
			'Þ' => 'TH',
			'ß' => 's',
			'à' => 'a',
			'á' => 'a',
			'â' => 'a',
			'ã' => 'a',
			'ä' => 'a',
			'å' => 'a',
			'æ' => 'ae',
			'ç' => 'c',
			'è' => 'e',
			'é' => 'e',
			'ê' => 'e',
			'ë' => 'e',
			'ì' => 'i',
			'í' => 'i',
			'î' => 'i',
			'ï' => 'i',
			'ð' => 'd',
			'ñ' => 'n',
			'ò' => 'o',
			'ó' => 'o',
			'ô' => 'o',
			'õ' => 'o',
			'ö' => 'o',
			'ø' => 'o',
			'ù' => 'u',
			'ú' => 'u',
			'û' => 'u',
			'ü' => 'u',
			'ý' => 'y',
			'þ' => 'th',
			'ÿ' => 'y',
			'Ø' => 'O',
			// Decompositions for Latin Extended-A.
			'Ā' => 'A',
			'ā' => 'a',
			'Ă' => 'A',
			'ă' => 'a',
			'Ą' => 'A',
			'ą' => 'a',
			'Ć' => 'C',
			'ć' => 'c',
			'Ĉ' => 'C',
			'ĉ' => 'c',
			'Ċ' => 'C',
			'ċ' => 'c',
			'Č' => 'C',
			'č' => 'c',
			'Ď' => 'D',
			'ď' => 'd',
			'Đ' => 'D',
			'đ' => 'd',
			'Ē' => 'E',
			'ē' => 'e',
			'Ĕ' => 'E',
			'ĕ' => 'e',
			'Ė' => 'E',
			'ė' => 'e',
			'Ę' => 'E',
			'ę' => 'e',
			'Ě' => 'E',
			'ě' => 'e',
			'Ĝ' => 'G',
			'ĝ' => 'g',
			'Ğ' => 'G',
			'ğ' => 'g',
			'Ġ' => 'G',
			'ġ' => 'g',
			'Ģ' => 'G',
			'ģ' => 'g',
			'Ĥ' => 'H',
			'ĥ' => 'h',
			'Ħ' => 'H',
			'ħ' => 'h',
			'Ĩ' => 'I',
			'ĩ' => 'i',
			'Ī' => 'I',
			'ī' => 'i',
			'Ĭ' => 'I',
			'ĭ' => 'i',
			'Į' => 'I',
			'į' => 'i',
			'İ' => 'I',
			'ı' => 'i',
			'IJ' => 'IJ',
			'ij' => 'ij',
			'Ĵ' => 'J',
			'ĵ' => 'j',
			'Ķ' => 'K',
			'ķ' => 'k',
			'ĸ' => 'k',
			'Ĺ' => 'L',
			'ĺ' => 'l',
			'Ļ' => 'L',
			'ļ' => 'l',
			'Ľ' => 'L',
			'ľ' => 'l',
			'Ŀ' => 'L',
			'ŀ' => 'l',
			'Ł' => 'L',
			'ł' => 'l',
			'Ń' => 'N',
			'ń' => 'n',
			'Ņ' => 'N',
			'ņ' => 'n',
			'Ň' => 'N',
			'ň' => 'n',
			'ʼn' => 'n',
			'Ŋ' => 'N',
			'ŋ' => 'n',
			'Ō' => 'O',
			'ō' => 'o',
			'Ŏ' => 'O',
			'ŏ' => 'o',
			'Ő' => 'O',
			'ő' => 'o',
			'Œ' => 'OE',
			'œ' => 'oe',
			'Ŕ' => 'R',
			'ŕ' => 'r',
			'Ŗ' => 'R',
			'ŗ' => 'r',
			'Ř' => 'R',
			'ř' => 'r',
			'Ś' => 'S',
			'ś' => 's',
			'Ŝ' => 'S',
			'ŝ' => 's',
			'Ş' => 'S',
			'ş' => 's',
			'Š' => 'S',
			'š' => 's',
			'Ţ' => 'T',
			'ţ' => 't',
			'Ť' => 'T',
			'ť' => 't',
			'Ŧ' => 'T',
			'ŧ' => 't',
			'Ũ' => 'U',
			'ũ' => 'u',
			'Ū' => 'U',
			'ū' => 'u',
			'Ŭ' => 'U',
			'ŭ' => 'u',
			'Ů' => 'U',
			'ů' => 'u',
			'Ű' => 'U',
			'ű' => 'u',
			'Ų' => 'U',
			'ų' => 'u',
			'Ŵ' => 'W',
			'ŵ' => 'w',
			'Ŷ' => 'Y',
			'ŷ' => 'y',
			'Ÿ' => 'Y',
			'Ź' => 'Z',
			'ź' => 'z',
			'Ż' => 'Z',
			'ż' => 'z',
			'Ž' => 'Z',
			'ž' => 'z',
			'ſ' => 's',
			// Decompositions for Latin Extended-B.
			'Ə' => 'E',
			'ǝ' => 'e',
			'Ș' => 'S',
			'ș' => 's',
			'Ț' => 'T',
			'ț' => 't',
			// Euro sign.
			'€' => 'E',
			// GBP (Pound) sign.
			'£' => '',
			// Vowels with diacritic (Vietnamese). Unmarked.
			'Ơ' => 'O',
			'ơ' => 'o',
			'Ư' => 'U',
			'ư' => 'u',
			// Grave accent.
			'Ầ' => 'A',
			'ầ' => 'a',
			'Ằ' => 'A',
			'ằ' => 'a',
			'Ề' => 'E',
			'ề' => 'e',
			'Ồ' => 'O',
			'ồ' => 'o',
			'Ờ' => 'O',
			'ờ' => 'o',
			'Ừ' => 'U',
			'ừ' => 'u',
			'Ỳ' => 'Y',
			'ỳ' => 'y',
			// Hook.
			'Ả' => 'A',
			'ả' => 'a',
			'Ẩ' => 'A',
			'ẩ' => 'a',
			'Ẳ' => 'A',
			'ẳ' => 'a',
			'Ẻ' => 'E',
			'ẻ' => 'e',
			'Ể' => 'E',
			'ể' => 'e',
			'Ỉ' => 'I',
			'ỉ' => 'i',
			'Ỏ' => 'O',
			'ỏ' => 'o',
			'Ổ' => 'O',
			'ổ' => 'o',
			'Ở' => 'O',
			'ở' => 'o',
			'Ủ' => 'U',
			'ủ' => 'u',
			'Ử' => 'U',
			'ử' => 'u',
			'Ỷ' => 'Y',
			'ỷ' => 'y',
			// Tilde.
			'Ẫ' => 'A',
			'ẫ' => 'a',
			'Ẵ' => 'A',
			'ẵ' => 'a',
			'Ẽ' => 'E',
			'ẽ' => 'e',
			'Ễ' => 'E',
			'ễ' => 'e',
			'Ỗ' => 'O',
			'ỗ' => 'o',
			'Ỡ' => 'O',
			'ỡ' => 'o',
			'Ữ' => 'U',
			'ữ' => 'u',
			'Ỹ' => 'Y',
			'ỹ' => 'y',
			// Acute accent.
			'Ấ' => 'A',
			'ấ' => 'a',
			'Ắ' => 'A',
			'ắ' => 'a',
			'Ế' => 'E',
			'ế' => 'e',
			'Ố' => 'O',
			'ố' => 'o',
			'Ớ' => 'O',
			'ớ' => 'o',
			'Ứ' => 'U',
			'ứ' => 'u',
			// Dot below.
			'Ạ' => 'A',
			'ạ' => 'a',
			'Ậ' => 'A',
			'ậ' => 'a',
			'Ặ' => 'A',
			'ặ' => 'a',
			'Ẹ' => 'E',
			'ẹ' => 'e',
			'Ệ' => 'E',
			'ệ' => 'e',
			'Ị' => 'I',
			'ị' => 'i',
			'Ọ' => 'O',
			'ọ' => 'o',
			'Ộ' => 'O',
			'ộ' => 'o',
			'Ợ' => 'O',
			'ợ' => 'o',
			'Ụ' => 'U',
			'ụ' => 'u',
			'Ự' => 'U',
			'ự' => 'u',
			'Ỵ' => 'Y',
			'ỵ' => 'y',
			// Vowels with diacritic (Chinese, Hanyu Pinyin).
			'ɑ' => 'a',
			// Macron.
			'Ǖ' => 'U',
			'ǖ' => 'u',
			// Acute accent.
			'Ǘ' => 'U',
			'ǘ' => 'u',
			// Caron.
			'Ǎ' => 'A',
			'ǎ' => 'a',
			'Ǐ' => 'I',
			'ǐ' => 'i',
			'Ǒ' => 'O',
			'ǒ' => 'o',
			'Ǔ' => 'U',
			'ǔ' => 'u',
			'Ǚ' => 'U',
			'ǚ' => 'u',
			// Grave accent.
			'Ǜ' => 'U',
			'ǜ' => 'u',
		);

		// Used for locale-specific rules.
		if ( empty( $locale ) ) {
			$locale = get_locale();
		}

		/*
		 * German has various locales (de_DE, de_CH, de_AT, ...) with formal and informal variants.
		 * There is no 3-letter locale like 'def', so checking for 'de' instead of 'de_' is safe,
		 * since 'de' itself would be a valid locale too.
		 */
		if ( str_starts_with( $locale, 'de' ) ) {
			$chars['Ä'] = 'Ae';
			$chars['ä'] = 'ae';
			$chars['Ö'] = 'Oe';
			$chars['ö'] = 'oe';
			$chars['Ü'] = 'Ue';
			$chars['ü'] = 'ue';
			$chars['ẞ'] = 'SS';
			$chars['ß'] = 'ss';
		} elseif ( 'da_DK' === $locale ) {
			$chars['Æ'] = 'Ae';
			$chars['æ'] = 'ae';
			$chars['Ø'] = 'Oe';
			$chars['ø'] = 'oe';
			$chars['Å'] = 'Aa';
			$chars['å'] = 'aa';
		} elseif ( 'ca' === $locale ) {
			$chars['l·l'] = 'll';
		} elseif ( 'sr_RS' === $locale || 'bs_BA' === $locale ) {
			$chars['Đ'] = 'DJ';
			$chars['đ'] = 'dj';
		}

		$text = strtr( $text, $chars );
	} else {
		$chars = array();
		// Assume ISO-8859-1 if not UTF-8.
		$chars['in'] = "\x80\x83\x8a\x8e\x9a\x9e"
			. "\x9f\xa2\xa5\xb5\xc0\xc1\xc2"
			. "\xc3\xc4\xc5\xc7\xc8\xc9\xca"
			. "\xcb\xcc\xcd\xce\xcf\xd1\xd2"
			. "\xd3\xd4\xd5\xd6\xd8\xd9\xda"
			. "\xdb\xdc\xdd\xe0\xe1\xe2\xe3"
			. "\xe4\xe5\xe7\xe8\xe9\xea\xeb"
			. "\xec\xed\xee\xef\xf1\xf2\xf3"
			. "\xf4\xf5\xf6\xf8\xf9\xfa\xfb"
			. "\xfc\xfd\xff";

		$chars['out'] = 'EfSZszYcYuAAAAAACEEEEIIIINOOOOOOUUUUYaaaaaaceeeeiiiinoooooouuuuyy';

		$text                = strtr( $text, $chars['in'], $chars['out'] );
		$double_chars        = array();
		$double_chars['in']  = array( "\x8c", "\x9c", "\xc6", "\xd0", "\xde", "\xdf", "\xe6", "\xf0", "\xfe" );
		$double_chars['out'] = array( 'OE', 'oe', 'AE', 'DH', 'TH', 'ss', 'ae', 'dh', 'th' );
		$text                = str_replace( $double_chars['in'], $double_chars['out'], $text );
	}

	return $text;
}

/**
 * Sanitizes a filename, replacing whitespace with dashes.
 *
 * Removes special characters that are illegal in filenames on certain
 * operating systems and special characters requiring special escaping
 * to manipulate at the command line. Replaces spaces and consecutive
 * dashes with a single dash. Trims period, dash and underscore from beginning
 * and end of filename. It is not guaranteed that this function will return a
 * filename that is allowed to be uploaded.
 *
 * @since 2.1.0
 *
 * @param string $filename The filename to be sanitized.
 * @return string The sanitized filename.
 */
function sanitize_file_name( $filename ) {
	$filename_raw = $filename;
	$filename     = remove_accents( $filename );

	$special_chars = array( '?', '[', ']', '/', '\\', '=', '<', '>', ':', ';', ',', "'", '"', '&', '$', '#', '*', '(', ')', '|', '~', '`', '!', '{', '}', '%', '+', '’', '«', '»', '”', '“', chr( 0 ) );

	if ( ! wp_is_valid_utf8( $filename ) ) {
		$_ext     = pathinfo( $filename, PATHINFO_EXTENSION );
		$_name    = pathinfo( $filename, PATHINFO_FILENAME );
		$filename = sanitize_title_with_dashes( $_name ) . '.' . $_ext;
	}

	if ( _wp_can_use_pcre_u() ) {
		/**
		 * Replace all whitespace characters with a basic space (U+0020).
		 *
		 * The “Zs” in the pattern selects characters in the `Space_Separator`
		 * category, which is what Unicode considers space characters.
		 *
		 * @see https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr44/#General_Category_Values
		 * @see https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode16.0.0/core-spec/chapter-6/#G17548
		 * @see https://www.php.net/manual/en/regexp.reference.unicode.php
		 */
		$filename = preg_replace( '#\p{Zs}#siu', ' ', $filename );
	}

	/**
	 * Filters the list of characters to remove from a filename.
	 *
	 * @since 2.8.0
	 *
	 * @param string[] $special_chars Array of characters to remove.
	 * @param string   $filename_raw  The original filename to be sanitized.
	 */
	$special_chars = apply_filters( 'sanitize_file_name_chars', $special_chars, $filename_raw );

	$filename = str_replace( $special_chars, '', $filename );
	$filename = str_replace( array( '%20', '+' ), '-', $filename );
	$filename = preg_replace( '/\.{2,}/', '.', $filename );
	$filename = preg_replace( '/[\r\n\t -]+/', '-', $filename );
	$filename = trim( $filename, '.-_' );

	if ( ! str_contains( $filename, '.' ) ) {
		$mime_types = wp_get_mime_types();
		$filetype   = wp_check_filetype( 'test.' . $filename, $mime_types );
		if ( $filetype['ext'] === $filename ) {
			$filename = 'unnamed-file.' . $filetype['ext'];
		}
	}

	// Split the filename into a base and extension[s].
	$parts = explode( '.', $filename );

	// Return if only one extension.
	if ( count( $parts ) <= 2 ) {
		/** This filter is documented in wp-includes/formatting.php */
		return apply_filters( 'sanitize_file_name', $filename, $filename_raw );
	}

	// Process multiple extensions.
	$filename  = array_shift( $parts );
	$extension = array_pop( $parts );
	$mimes     = get_allowed_mime_types();

	/*
	 * Loop over any intermediate extensions. Postfix them with a trailing underscore
	 * if they are a 2 - 5 character long alpha string not in the allowed extension list.
	 */
	foreach ( (array) $parts as $part ) {
		$filename .= '.' . $part;

		if ( preg_match( '/^[a-zA-Z]{2,5}\d?$/', $part ) ) {
			$allowed = false;
			foreach ( $mimes as $ext_preg => $mime_match ) {
				$ext_preg = '!^(' . $ext_preg . ')$!i';
				if ( preg_match( $ext_preg, $part ) ) {
					$allowed = true;
					break;
				}
			}
			if ( ! $allowed ) {
				$filename .= '_';
			}
		}
	}

	$filename .= '.' . $extension;

	/**
	 * Filters a sanitized filename string.
	 *
	 * @since 2.8.0
	 *
	 * @param string $filename     Sanitized filename.
	 * @param string $filename_raw The filename prior to sanitization.
	 */
	return apply_filters( 'sanitize_file_name', $filename, $filename_raw );
}

/**
 * Sanitizes a username, stripping out unsafe characters.
 *
 * Removes tags, percent-encoded characters, HTML entities, and if strict is enabled,
 * will only keep alphanumeric, _, space, ., -, @. After sanitizing, it passes the username,
 * raw username (the username in the parameter), and the value of $strict as parameters
 * for the {@see 'sanitize_user'} filter.
 *
 * @since 2.0.0
 *
 * @param string $username The username to be sanitized.
 * @param bool   $strict   Optional. If set to true, limits $username to specific characters.
 *                         Default false.
 * @return string The sanitized username, after passing through filters.
 */
function sanitize_user( $username, $strict = false ) {
	$raw_username = $username;
	$username     = wp_strip_all_tags( $username );
	$username     = remove_accents( $username );
	// Remove percent-encoded characters.
	$username = preg_replace( '|%([a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9])|', '', $username );
	// Remove HTML entities.
	$username = preg_replace( '/&.+?;/', '', $username );

	// If strict, reduce to ASCII for max portability.
	if ( $strict ) {
		$username = preg_replace( '|[^a-z0-9 _.\-@]|i', '', $username );
	}

	$username = trim( $username );
	// Consolidate contiguous whitespace.
	$username = preg_replace( '|\s+|', ' ', $username );

	/**
	 * Filters a sanitized username string.
	 *
	 * @since 2.0.1
	 *
	 * @param string $username     Sanitized username.
	 * @param string $raw_username The username prior to sanitization.
	 * @param bool   $strict       Whether to limit the sanitization to specific characters.
	 */
	return apply_filters( 'sanitize_user', $username, $raw_username, $strict );
}

/**
 * Sanitizes a string key.
 *
 * Keys are used as internal identifiers. Lowercase alphanumeric characters,
 * dashes, and underscores are allowed.
 *
 * @since 3.0.0
 *
 * @param string $key String key.
 * @return string Sanitized key.
 * @phpstan-return lowercase-string
 */
function sanitize_key( $key ) {
	$sanitized_key = '';

	if ( is_scalar( $key ) ) {
		$sanitized_key = strtolower( $key );
		$sanitized_key = preg_replace( '/[^a-z0-9_\-]/', '', $sanitized_key );
	}

	/**
	 * Filters a sanitized key string.
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 *
	 * @param string $sanitized_key Sanitized key.
	 * @param string $key           The key prior to sanitization.
	 */
	return apply_filters( 'sanitize_key', $sanitized_key, $key );
}

/**
 * Sanitizes a string into a slug, which can be used in URLs or HTML attributes.
 *
 * By default, converts accent characters to ASCII characters and further
 * limits the output to alphanumeric characters, underscore (_) and dash (-)
 * through the {@see 'sanitize_title'} filter.
 *
 * If `$title` is empty and `$fallback_title` is set, the latter will be used.
 *
 * @since 1.0.0
 *
 * @param string $title          The string to be sanitized.
 * @param string $fallback_title Optional. A title to use if $title is empty. Default empty.
 * @param string $context        Optional. The operation for which the string is sanitized.
 *                               When set to 'save', the string runs through remove_accents().
 *                               Default 'save'.
 * @return string The sanitized string.
 */
function sanitize_title( $title, $fallback_title = '', $context = 'save' ) {
	$raw_title = $title;

	if ( 'save' === $context ) {
		$title = remove_accents( $title );
	}

	/**
	 * Filters a sanitized title string.
	 *
	 * @since 1.2.0
	 *
	 * @param string $title     Sanitized title.
	 * @param string $raw_title The title prior to sanitization.
	 * @param string $context   The context for which the title is being sanitized.
	 */
	$title = apply_filters( 'sanitize_title', $title, $raw_title, $context );

	if ( '' === $title || false === $title ) {
		$title = $fallback_title;
	}

	return $title;
}

/**
 * Sanitizes a title with the 'query' context.
 *
 * Used for querying the database for a value from URL.
 *
 * @since 3.1.0
 *
 * @param string $title The string to be sanitized.
 * @return string The sanitized string.
 */
function sanitize_title_for_query( $title ) {
	return sanitize_title( $title, '', 'query' );
}

/**
 * Sanitizes a title, replacing whitespace and a few other characters with dashes.
 *
 * Limits the output to alphanumeric characters, underscore (_) and dash (-).
 * Whitespace becomes a dash.
 *
 * @since 1.2.0
 *
 * @param string $title     The title to be sanitized.
 * @param string $raw_title Optional. Not used. Default empty.
 * @param string $context   Optional. The operation for which the string is sanitized.
 *                          When set to 'save', additional entities are converted to hyphens
 *                          or stripped entirely. Default 'display'.
 * @return string The sanitized title.
 */
function sanitize_title_with_dashes( $title, $raw_title = '', $context = 'display' ) {
	$title = strip_tags( $title );
	// Preserve escaped octets.
	$title = preg_replace( '|%([a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9])|', '---$1---', $title );
	// Remove percent signs that are not part of an octet.
	$title = str_replace( '%', '', $title );
	// Restore octets.
	$title = preg_replace( '|---([a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9])---|', '%$1', $title );

	if ( wp_is_valid_utf8( $title ) ) {
		if ( function_exists( 'mb_strtolower' ) ) {
			$title = mb_strtolower( $title, 'UTF-8' );
		}
		$title = utf8_uri_encode( $title, 200 );
	}

	$title = strtolower( $title );

	if ( 'save' === $context ) {
		// Convert  , non-breaking hyphen, &ndash, and &mdash to hyphens.
		$title = str_replace( array( '%c2%a0', '%e2%80%91', '%e2%80%93', '%e2%80%94' ), '-', $title );
		// Convert  , non-breaking hyphen, &ndash, and &mdash HTML entities to hyphens.
		$title = str_replace( array( ' ', '‑', ' ', '–', '–', '—', '—' ), '-', $title );
		// Convert forward slash to hyphen.
		$title = str_replace( '/', '-', $title );

		// Strip these characters entirely.
		$title = str_replace(
			array(
				// Soft hyphens.
				'%c2%ad',
				// ¡ and ¿.
				'%c2%a1',
				'%c2%bf',
				// Angle quotes.
				'%c2%ab',
				'%c2%bb',
				'%e2%80%b9',
				'%e2%80%ba',
				// Curly quotes.
				'%e2%80%98',
				'%e2%80%99',
				'%e2%80%9c',
				'%e2%80%9d',
				'%e2%80%9a',
				'%e2%80%9b',
				'%e2%80%9e',
				'%e2%80%9f',
				// Bullet.
				'%e2%80%a2',
				// ©, ®, °, &hellip, and &trade.
				'%c2%a9',
				'%c2%ae',
				'%c2%b0',
				'%e2%80%a6',
				'%e2%84%a2',
				// Acute accents.
				'%c2%b4',
				'%cb%8a',
				'%cc%81',
				'%cd%81',
				// Grave accent, macron, caron.
				'%cc%80',
				'%cc%84',
				'%cc%8c',
				// Non-visible characters that display without a width.
				'%e2%80%8b', // Zero width space.
				'%e2%80%8c', // Zero width non-joiner.
				'%e2%80%8d', // Zero width joiner.
				'%e2%80%8e', // Left-to-right mark.
				'%e2%80%8f', // Right-to-left mark.
				'%e2%80%aa', // Left-to-right embedding.
				'%e2%80%ab', // Right-to-left embedding.
				'%e2%80%ac', // Pop directional formatting.
				'%e2%80%ad', // Left-to-right override.
				'%e2%80%ae', // Right-to-left override.
				'%ef%bb%bf', // Byte order mark.
				'%ef%bf%bc', // Object replacement character.
			),
			'',
			$title
		);

		// Convert non-visible characters that display with a width to hyphen.
		$title = str_replace(
			array(
				'%e2%80%80', // En quad.
				'%e2%80%81', // Em quad.
				'%e2%80%82', // En space.
				'%e2%80%83', // Em space.
				'%e2%80%84', // Three-per-em space.
				'%e2%80%85', // Four-per-em space.
				'%e2%80%86', // Six-per-em space.
				'%e2%80%87', // Figure space.
				'%e2%80%88', // Punctuation space.
				'%e2%80%89', // Thin space.
				'%e2%80%8a', // Hair space.
				'%e2%80%a8', // Line separator.
				'%e2%80%a9', // Paragraph separator.
				'%e2%80%af', // Narrow no-break space.
			),
			'-',
			$title
		);

		// Convert × to 'x'.
		$title = str_replace( '%c3%97', 'x', $title );
	}

	// Remove HTML entities.
	$title = preg_replace( '/&.+?;/', '', $title );
	$title = str_replace( '.', '-', $title );

	$title = preg_replace( '/[^%a-z0-9 _-]/', '', $title );
	$title = preg_replace( '/\s+/', '-', $title );
	$title = preg_replace( '|-+|', '-', $title );
	$title = trim( $title, '-' );

	return $title;
}

/**
 * Ensures a string is a valid SQL 'order by' clause.
 *
 * Accepts one or more columns, with or without a sort order (ASC / DESC).
 * e.g. 'column_1', 'column_1, column_2', 'column_1 ASC, column_2 DESC' etc.
 *
 * Also accepts 'RAND()'.
 *
 * @since 2.5.1
 *
 * @param string $orderby Order by clause to be validated.
 * @return string|false Returns $orderby if valid, false otherwise.
 */
function sanitize_sql_orderby( $orderby ) {
	if ( preg_match( '/^\s*(([a-z0-9_]+|`[a-z0-9_]+`)(\s+(ASC|DESC))?\s*(,\s*(?=[a-z0-9_`])|$))+$/i', $orderby ) || preg_match( '/^\s*RAND\(\s*\)\s*$/i', $orderby ) ) {
		return $orderby;
	}
	return false;
}

/**
 * Sanitizes an HTML classname to ensure it only contains valid characters.
 *
 * Strips the string down to A-Z,a-z,0-9,_,-. If this results in an empty
 * string then it will return the alternative value supplied.
 *
 * @todo Expand to support the full range of CDATA that a class attribute can contain.
 *
 * @since 2.8.0
 *
 * @param string $classname The classname to be sanitized.
 * @param string $fallback  Optional. The value to return if the sanitization ends up as an empty string.
 *                          Default empty string.
 * @return string The sanitized value.
 */
function sanitize_html_class( $classname, $fallback = '' ) {
	// Strip out any percent-encoded characters.
	$sanitized = preg_replace( '|%[a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9]|', '', $classname );

	// Limit to A-Z, a-z, 0-9, '_', '-'.
	$sanitized = preg_replace( '/[^A-Za-z0-9_-]/', '', $sanitized );

	if ( '' === $sanitized && $fallback ) {
		return sanitize_html_class( $fallback );
	}
	/**
	 * Filters a sanitized HTML class string.
	 *
	 * @since 2.8.0
	 *
	 * @param string $sanitized The sanitized HTML class.
	 * @param string $classname HTML class before sanitization.
	 * @param string $fallback  The fallback string.
	 */
	return apply_filters( 'sanitize_html_class', $sanitized, $classname, $fallback );
}

/**
 * Strips out all characters not allowed in a locale name.
 *
 * @since 6.2.1
 *
 * @param string $locale_name The locale name to be sanitized.
 * @return string The sanitized value.
 */
function sanitize_locale_name( $locale_name ) {
	// Limit to A-Z, a-z, 0-9, '_', '-'.
	$sanitized = preg_replace( '/[^A-Za-z0-9_-]/', '', $locale_name );

	/**
	 * Filters a sanitized locale name string.
	 *
	 * @since 6.2.1
	 *
	 * @param string $sanitized   The sanitized locale name.
	 * @param string $locale_name The locale name before sanitization.
	 */
	return apply_filters( 'sanitize_locale_name', $sanitized, $locale_name );
}

/**
 * Converts lone & characters into `&` (a.k.a. `&`)
 *
 * @since 0.71
 *
 * @param string $content    String of characters to be converted.
 * @param string $deprecated Not used.
 * @return string Converted string.
 */
function convert_chars( $content, $deprecated = '' ) {
	if ( ! empty( $deprecated ) ) {
		_deprecated_argument( __FUNCTION__, '0.71' );
	}

	if ( str_contains( $content, '&' ) ) {
		$content = preg_replace( '/&([^#])(?![a-z1-4]{1,8};)/i', '&$1', $content );
	}

	return $content;
}

/**
 * Converts invalid Unicode references range to valid range.
 *
 * @since 4.3.0
 *
 * @param string $content String with entities that need converting.
 * @return string Converted string.
 */
function convert_invalid_entities( $content ) {
	$wp_htmltranswinuni = array(
		'€' => '€', // The Euro sign.
		'' => '',
		'‚' => '‚', // These are Windows CP1252 specific characters.
		'ƒ' => 'ƒ',  // They would look weird on non-Windows browsers.
		'„' => '„',
		'…' => '…',
		'†' => '†',
		'‡' => '‡',
		'ˆ' => 'ˆ',
		'‰' => '‰',
		'Š' => 'Š',
		'‹' => '‹',
		'Œ' => 'Œ',
		'' => '',
		'Ž' => 'Ž',
		'' => '',
		'' => '',
		'‘' => '‘',
		'’' => '’',
		'“' => '“',
		'”' => '”',
		'•' => '•',
		'–' => '–',
		'—' => '—',
		'˜' => '˜',
		'™' => '™',
		'š' => 'š',
		'›' => '›',
		'œ' => 'œ',
		'' => '',
		'ž' => 'ž',
		'Ÿ' => 'Ÿ',
	);

	if ( str_contains( $content, '' ) ) {
		$content = strtr( $content, $wp_htmltranswinuni );
	}

	return $content;
}

/**
 * Balances tags if forced to, or if the 'use_balanceTags' option is set to true.
 *
 * @since 0.71
 *
 * @param string $text  Text to be balanced.
 * @param bool   $force If true, forces balancing, ignoring the value of the option. Default false.
 * @return string Balanced text.
 */
function balanceTags( $text, $force = false ) {  // phpcs:ignore WordPress.NamingConventions.ValidFunctionName.FunctionNameInvalid
	if ( $force || 1 === (int) get_option( 'use_balanceTags' ) ) {
		return force_balance_tags( $text );
	} else {
		return $text;
	}
}

/**
 * Balances tags of string using a modified stack.
 *
 * {@internal Modified by Scott Reilly (coffee2code) 02 Aug 2004
 *      1.1  Fixed handling of append/stack pop order of end text
 *           Added Cleaning Hooks
 *      1.0  First Version}
 *
 * @since 2.0.4
 * @since 5.3.0 Improve accuracy and add support for custom element tags.
 *
 * @author Leonard Lin 
 * @license GPL
 * @copyright November 4, 2001
 * @version 1.1
 * @todo Make better - change loop condition to $text in 1.2
 *
 * @param string $text Text to be balanced.
 * @return string Balanced text.
 */
function force_balance_tags( $text ) {
	$tagstack  = array();
	$stacksize = 0;
	$tagqueue  = '';
	$newtext   = '';
	// Known single-entity/self-closing tags.
	$single_tags = array( 'area', 'base', 'basefont', 'br', 'col', 'command', 'embed', 'frame', 'hr', 'img', 'input', 'isindex', 'link', 'meta', 'param', 'source', 'track', 'wbr' );
	// Tags that can be immediately nested within themselves.
	$nestable_tags = array( 'article', 'aside', 'blockquote', 'details', 'div', 'figure', 'object', 'q', 'section', 'span' );

	// WP bug fix for comments - in case you REALLY meant to type '< !--'.
	$text = str_replace( '< !--', '<    !--', $text );
	// WP bug fix for LOVE <3 (and other situations with '<' before a number).
	$text = preg_replace( '#<([0-9]{1})#', '<$1', $text );

	/**
	 * Matches supported tags.
	 *
	 * To get the pattern as a string without the comments paste into a PHP
	 * REPL like `php -a`.
	 *
	 * @see https://html.spec.whatwg.org/#elements-2
	 * @see https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/custom-elements.html#valid-custom-element-name
	 *
	 * @example
	 * ~# php -a
	 * php > $s = [paste copied contents of expression below including parentheses];
	 * php > echo $s;
	 */
	$tag_pattern = (
		'#<' . // Start with an opening bracket.
		'(/?)' . // Group 1 - If it's a closing tag it'll have a leading slash.
		'(' . // Group 2 - Tag name.
			// Custom element tags have more lenient rules than HTML tag names.
			'(?:[a-z](?:[a-z0-9._]*)-(?:[a-z0-9._-]+)+)' .
				'|' .
			// Traditional tag rules approximate HTML tag names.
			'(?:[\w:]+)' .
		')' .
		'(?:' .
			// We either immediately close the tag with its '>' and have nothing here.
			'\s*' .
			'(/?)' . // Group 3 - "attributes" for empty tag.
				'|' .
			// Or we must start with space characters to separate the tag name from the attributes (or whitespace).
			'(\s+)' . // Group 4 - Pre-attribute whitespace.
			'([^>]*)' . // Group 5 - Attributes.
		')' .
		'>#' // End with a closing bracket.
	);

	while ( preg_match( $tag_pattern, $text, $regex ) ) {
		$full_match        = $regex[0];
		$has_leading_slash = ! empty( $regex[1] );
		$tag_name          = $regex[2];
		$tag               = strtolower( $tag_name );
		$is_single_tag     = in_array( $tag, $single_tags, true );
		$pre_attribute_ws  = $regex[4] ?? '';
		$attributes        = trim( $regex[5] ?? $regex[3] );
		$has_self_closer   = str_ends_with( $attributes, '/' );

		$newtext .= $tagqueue;

		$i = strpos( $text, $full_match );
		$l = strlen( $full_match );

		// Clear the shifter.
		$tagqueue = '';
		if ( $has_leading_slash ) { // End tag.
			// If too many closing tags.
			if ( $stacksize <= 0 ) {
				$tag = '';
				// Or close to be safe $tag = '/' . $tag.

				// If stacktop value = tag close value, then pop.
			} elseif ( $tagstack[ $stacksize - 1 ] === $tag ) { // Found closing tag.
				$tag = ''; // Close tag.
				array_pop( $tagstack );
				--$stacksize;
			} else { // Closing tag not at top, search for it.
				for ( $j = $stacksize - 1; $j >= 0; $j-- ) {
					if ( $tagstack[ $j ] === $tag ) {
						// Add tag to tagqueue.
						for ( $k = $stacksize - 1; $k >= $j; $k-- ) {
							$tagqueue .= '';
							--$stacksize;
						}
						break;
					}
				}
				$tag = '';
			}
		} else { // Begin tag.
			if ( $has_self_closer ) {
				/*
				 * If it presents itself as a self-closing tag, but it isn't a known single-entity self-closing tag,
				 * then don't let it be treated as such and immediately close it with a closing tag.
				 * The tag will encapsulate no text as a result.
				 */
				if ( ! $is_single_tag ) {
					$attributes = trim( substr( $attributes, 0, -1 ) ) . "> 0 && ! in_array( $tag, $nestable_tags, true ) && $tagstack[ $stacksize - 1 ] === $tag ) {
					$tagqueue = '';
					--$stacksize;
				}
				$stacksize = array_push( $tagstack, $tag );
			}

			// Attributes.
			if ( $has_self_closer && $is_single_tag ) {
				// We need some space - avoid 
     and prefer 
    .
				$pre_attribute_ws = ' ';
			}

			$tag = '<' . $tag . $pre_attribute_ws . $attributes . '>';
			// If already queuing a close tag, then put this tag on too.
			if ( ! empty( $tagqueue ) ) {
				$tagqueue .= $tag;
				$tag       = '';
			}
		}
		$newtext .= substr( $text, 0, $i ) . $tag;
		$text     = substr( $text, $i + $l );
	}

	// Clear tag queue.
	$newtext .= $tagqueue;

	// Add remaining text.
	$newtext .= $text;

	while ( $x = array_pop( $tagstack ) ) {
		$newtext .= ''; // Add remaining tags to close.
	}

	// WP fix for the bug with HTML comments.
	$newtext = str_replace( '< !--', ' ' ) );

	// Collapse line breaks before and after ', $text );
	}

	/*
	 * Collapse line breaks inside  elements, before  and  elements
	 * so they don't get autop'd.
	 */
	if ( str_contains( $text, '' ) ) {
		$text = preg_replace( '|(]*>)\s*|', '$1', $text );
		$text = preg_replace( '|\s*|', '', $text );
		$text = preg_replace( '%\s*(]*>)\s*%', '$1', $text );
	}

	/*
	 * Collapse line breaks inside  and  elements,
	 * before and after  and  elements.
	 */
	if ( str_contains( $text, '\]]*[>\]])\s*%', '$1', $text );
		$text = preg_replace( '%\s*([<\[]/(?:audio|video)[>\]])%', '$1', $text );
		$text = preg_replace( '%\s*(<(?:source|track)[^>]*>)\s*%', '$1', $text );
	}

	// Collapse line breaks before and after 
     elements.
	if ( str_contains( $text, ']*>)|', '$1', $text );
		$text = preg_replace( '|
    \s*|', '', $text );
	}

	// Remove more than two contiguous line breaks.
	$text = preg_replace( "/\n\n+/", "\n\n", $text );

	// Split up the contents into an array of strings, separated by double line breaks.
	$paragraphs = preg_split( '/\n\s*\n/', $text, -1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY );

	// Reset $text prior to rebuilding.
	$text = '';

	// Rebuild the content as a string, wrapping every bit with a 
    .
	foreach ( $paragraphs as $paragraph ) {
		$text .= '
    ' . trim( $paragraph, "\n" ) . "
    \n";
	}

	// Under certain strange conditions it could create a P of entirely whitespace.
	$text = preg_replace( '|
    \s*
    |', '', $text );

	// Add a closing 
     inside 
    , 
    , or  tag if missing.
	$text = preg_replace( '!
    ([^<]+)!', '
    $1
    ', $text );

	// If an opening or closing block element tag is wrapped in a 
    , unwrap it.
	$text = preg_replace( '!
    \s*(]*>)\s*
    !', '$1', $text );

	// In some cases 
  •  may get wrapped in 
    , fix them.
	$text = preg_replace( '|
    (|', '$1', $text );

	// If a 
     is wrapped with a 
    , move it inside the 
    .
	$text = preg_replace( '|
    ]*)>|i', '
    ', $text );
	$text = str_replace( '
    ', '
    ', $text );

	// If an opening or closing block element tag is preceded by an opening 
     tag, remove it.
	$text = preg_replace( '!
    \s*(]*>)!', '$1', $text );

	// If an opening or closing block element tag is followed by a closing 
     tag, remove it.
	$text = preg_replace( '!(]*>)\s*
    !', '$1', $text );

	// Optionally insert line breaks.
	if ( $br ) {
		// Replace newlines that shouldn't be touched with a placeholder.
		$text = preg_replace_callback( '/<(script|style|svg|math).*?<\/\\1>/s', '_autop_newline_preservation_helper', $text );

		// Normalize 
    .
		$text = str_replace( array( '
    ', '
    ' ), '
    ', $text );

		// Replace any new line characters that aren't preceded by a 
     with a 
    .
		$text = preg_replace( '|(?)\s*\n|', "
    \n", $text );

		// Replace newline placeholders with newlines.
		$text = str_replace( '', "\n", $text );
	}

	// If a 
     tag is after an opening or closing block tag, remove it.
	$text = preg_replace( '!(]*>)\s*
    !', '$1', $text );

	// If a 
     tag is before a subset of opening or closing block tags, remove it.
	$text = preg_replace( '!
    (\s*]*>)!', '$1', $text );
	$text = preg_replace( "|\n
    $|", '
    ', $text );

	// Replace placeholder 
     tags with their original content.
	if ( ! empty( $pre_tags ) ) {
		$text = str_replace( array_keys( $pre_tags ), array_values( $pre_tags ), $text );
	}

	// Restore newlines in all elements.
	if ( str_contains( $text, '' ) ) {
		$text = str_replace( array( '  ', '' ), "\n", $text );
	}

	return $text;
}

/**
 * Separates HTML elements and comments from the text.
 *
 * @since 4.2.4
 *
 * @param string $input The text which has to be formatted.
 * @return string[] Array of the formatted text.
 */
function wp_html_split( $input ) {
	return preg_split( get_html_split_regex(), $input, -1, PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE );
}

/**
 * Retrieves the regular expression for an HTML element.
 *
 * @since 4.4.0
 *
 * @return string The regular expression.
 */
function get_html_split_regex() {
	static $regex;

	if ( ! isset( $regex ) ) {
		// phpcs:disable Squiz.Strings.ConcatenationSpacing.PaddingFound -- don't remove regex indentation
		$comments =
			'!'             // Start of comment, after the <.
			. '(?:'         // Unroll the loop: Consume everything until --> is found.
			.     '-(?!->)' // Dash not followed by end of comment.
			.     '[^\-]*+' // Consume non-dashes.
			. ')*+'         // Loop possessively.
			. '(?:-->)?';   // End of comment. If not found, match all input.

		$cdata =
			'!\[CDATA\['    // Start of comment, after the <.
			. '[^\]]*+'     // Consume non-].
			. '(?:'         // Unroll the loop: Consume everything until ]]> is found.
			.     '](?!]>)' // One ] not followed by end of comment.
			.     '[^\]]*+' // Consume non-].
			. ')*+'         // Loop possessively.
			. '(?:]]>)?';   // End of comment. If not found, match all input.

		$escaped =
			'(?='             // Is the element escaped?
			.    '!--'
			. '|'
			.    '!\[CDATA\['
			. ')'
			. '(?(?=!-)'      // If yes, which type?
			.     $comments
			. '|'
			.     $cdata
			. ')';

		$regex =
			'/('                // Capture the entire match.
			.     '<'           // Find start of element.
			.     '(?'          // Conditional expression follows.
			.         $escaped  // Find end of escaped element.
			.     '|'           // ...else...
			.         '[^>]*>?' // Find end of normal element.
			.     ')'
			. ')/';
		// phpcs:enable
	}

	return $regex;
}

/**
 * Retrieves the combined regular expression for HTML and shortcodes.
 *
 * @access private
 * @ignore
 * @internal This function will be removed in 4.5.0 per Shortcode API Roadmap.
 * @since 4.4.0
 *
 * @param string $shortcode_regex Optional. The result from _get_wptexturize_shortcode_regex().
 * @return string The regular expression.
 */
function _get_wptexturize_split_regex( $shortcode_regex = '' ) {
	static $html_regex;

	if ( ! isset( $html_regex ) ) {
		// phpcs:disable Squiz.Strings.ConcatenationSpacing.PaddingFound -- don't remove regex indentation
		$comment_regex =
			'!'             // Start of comment, after the <.
			. '(?:'         // Unroll the loop: Consume everything until --> is found.
			.     '-(?!->)' // Dash not followed by end of comment.
			.     '[^\-]*+' // Consume non-dashes.
			. ')*+'         // Loop possessively.
			. '(?:-->)?';   // End of comment. If not found, match all input.

		$html_regex = // Needs replaced with wp_html_split() per Shortcode API Roadmap.
			'<'                  // Find start of element.
			. '(?(?=!--)'        // Is this a comment?
			.     $comment_regex // Find end of comment.
			. '|'
			.     '[^>]*>?'      // Find end of element. If not found, match all input.
			. ')';
		// phpcs:enable
	}

	if ( empty( $shortcode_regex ) ) {
		$regex = '/(' . $html_regex . ')/';
	} else {
		$regex = '/(' . $html_regex . '|' . $shortcode_regex . ')/';
	}

	return $regex;
}

/**
 * Retrieves the regular expression for shortcodes.
 *
 * @access private
 * @ignore
 * @since 4.4.0
 *
 * @param string[] $tagnames Array of shortcodes to find.
 * @return string The regular expression.
 */
function _get_wptexturize_shortcode_regex( $tagnames ) {
	$tagregexp = implode( '|', array_map( 'preg_quote', $tagnames ) );
	$tagregexp = "(?:$tagregexp)(?=[\\s\\]\\/])"; // Excerpt of get_shortcode_regex().
	// phpcs:disable Squiz.Strings.ConcatenationSpacing.PaddingFound -- don't remove regex indentation
	$regex =
		'\['                // Find start of shortcode.
		. '[\/\[]?'         // Shortcodes may begin with [/ or [[.
		. $tagregexp        // Only match registered shortcodes, because performance.
		. '(?:'
		.     '[^\[\]<>]+'  // Shortcodes do not contain other shortcodes. Quantifier critical.
		. '|'
		.     '<[^\[\]>]*>' // HTML elements permitted. Prevents matching ] before >.
		. ')*+'             // Possessive critical.
		. '\]'              // Find end of shortcode.
		. '\]?';            // Shortcodes may end with ]].
	// phpcs:enable

	return $regex;
}

/**
 * Replaces characters or phrases within HTML elements only.
 *
 * @since 4.2.3
 *
 * @param string $haystack      The text which has to be formatted.
 * @param array  $replace_pairs In the form array('from' => 'to', ...).
 * @return string The formatted text.
 */
function wp_replace_in_html_tags( $haystack, $replace_pairs ) {
	// Find all elements.
	$textarr = wp_html_split( $haystack );
	$changed = false;

	// Optimize when searching for one item.
	if ( 1 === count( $replace_pairs ) ) {
		// Extract $needle and $replace.
		$needle  = array_key_first( $replace_pairs );
		$replace = $replace_pairs[ $needle ];

		// Loop through delimiters (elements) only.
		for ( $i = 1, $c = count( $textarr ); $i < $c; $i += 2 ) {
			if ( str_contains( $textarr[ $i ], $needle ) ) {
				$textarr[ $i ] = str_replace( $needle, $replace, $textarr[ $i ] );
				$changed       = true;
			}
		}
	} else {
		// Extract all $needles.
		$needles = array_keys( $replace_pairs );

		// Loop through delimiters (elements) only.
		for ( $i = 1, $c = count( $textarr ); $i < $c; $i += 2 ) {
			foreach ( $needles as $needle ) {
				if ( str_contains( $textarr[ $i ], $needle ) ) {
					$textarr[ $i ] = strtr( $textarr[ $i ], $replace_pairs );
					$changed       = true;
					// After one strtr() break out of the foreach loop and look at next element.
					break;
				}
			}
		}
	}

	if ( $changed ) {
		$haystack = implode( $textarr );
	}

	return $haystack;
}

/**
 * Newline preservation help function for wpautop().
 *
 * @since 3.1.0
 * @access private
 *
 * @param array $matches preg_replace_callback matches array
 * @return string Text with newlines replaced with placeholders.
 */
function _autop_newline_preservation_helper( $matches ) {
	return str_replace( "\n", '', $matches[0] );
}

/**
 * Don't auto-p wrap shortcodes that stand alone.
 *
 * Ensures that shortcodes are not wrapped in `
    ...
    `.
 *
 * @since 2.9.0
 *
 * @global array $shortcode_tags
 *
 * @param string $text The content.
 * @return string The filtered content.
 */
function shortcode_unautop( $text ) {
	global $shortcode_tags;

	if ( empty( $shortcode_tags ) || ! is_array( $shortcode_tags ) ) {
		return $text;
	}

	$tagregexp = implode( '|', array_map( 'preg_quote', array_keys( $shortcode_tags ) ) );
	$spaces    = wp_spaces_regexp();

	// phpcs:disable Squiz.Strings.ConcatenationSpacing.PaddingFound,Universal.WhiteSpace.PrecisionAlignment.Found -- don't remove regex indentation
	$pattern =
		'/'
		. '
    '                              // Opening paragraph.
		. '(?:' . $spaces . ')*+'            // Optional leading whitespace.
		. '('                                // 1: The shortcode.
		.     '\\['                          // Opening bracket.
		.     "($tagregexp)"                 // 2: Shortcode name.
		.     '(?![\\w-])'                   // Not followed by word character or hyphen.
											 // Unroll the loop: Inside the opening shortcode tag.
		.     '[^\\]\\/]*'                   // Not a closing bracket or forward slash.
		.     '(?:'
		.         '\\/(?!\\])'               // A forward slash not followed by a closing bracket.
		.         '[^\\]\\/]*'               // Not a closing bracket or forward slash.
		.     ')*?'
		.     '(?:'
		.         '\\/\\]'                   // Self closing tag and closing bracket.
		.     '|'
		.         '\\]'                      // Closing bracket.
		.         '(?:'                      // Unroll the loop: Optionally, anything between the opening and closing shortcode tags.
		.             '[^\\[]*+'             // Not an opening bracket.
		.             '(?:'
		.                 '\\[(?!\\/\\2\\])' // An opening bracket not followed by the closing shortcode tag.
		.                 '[^\\[]*+'         // Not an opening bracket.
		.             ')*+'
		.             '\\[\\/\\2\\]'         // Closing shortcode tag.
		.         ')?'
		.     ')'
		. ')'
		. '(?:' . $spaces . ')*+'            // Optional trailing whitespace.
		. '<\\/p>'                           // Closing paragraph.
		. '/';
	// phpcs:enable

	return preg_replace( $pattern, '$1', $text );
}

/**
 * Checks to see if a string is utf8 encoded.
 *
 * NOTE: This function checks for 5-Byte sequences, UTF8
 *       has Bytes Sequences with a maximum length of 4.
 *
 * @author bmorel at ssi dot fr (modified)
 * @since 1.2.1
 * @deprecated 6.9.0 Use {@see wp_is_valid_utf8()} instead.
 *
 * @param string $str The string to be checked.
 * @return bool True if $str fits a UTF-8 model, false otherwise.
 */
function seems_utf8( $str ) {
	_deprecated_function( __FUNCTION__, '6.9.0', 'wp_is_valid_utf8()' );

	mbstring_binary_safe_encoding();
	$length = strlen( $str );
	reset_mbstring_encoding();

	for ( $i = 0; $i < $length; $i++ ) {
		$c = ord( $str[ $i ] );

		if ( $c < 0x80 ) {
			$n = 0; // 0bbbbbbb
		} elseif ( ( $c & 0xE0 ) === 0xC0 ) {
			$n = 1; // 110bbbbb
		} elseif ( ( $c & 0xF0 ) === 0xE0 ) {
			$n = 2; // 1110bbbb
		} elseif ( ( $c & 0xF8 ) === 0xF0 ) {
			$n = 3; // 11110bbb
		} elseif ( ( $c & 0xFC ) === 0xF8 ) {
			$n = 4; // 111110bb
		} elseif ( ( $c & 0xFE ) === 0xFC ) {
			$n = 5; // 1111110b
		} else {
			return false; // Does not match any model.
		}

		for ( $j = 0; $j < $n; $j++ ) { // n bytes matching 10bbbbbb follow?
			if ( ( ++$i === $length ) || ( ( ord( $str[ $i ] ) & 0xC0 ) !== 0x80 ) ) {
				return false;
			}
		}
	}

	return true;
}

/**
 * Converts a number of special characters into their HTML entities.
 *
 * Specifically deals with: `&`, `<`, `>`, `"`, and `'`.
 *
 * `$quote_style` can be set to ENT_COMPAT to encode `"` to
 * `"`, or ENT_QUOTES to do both. Default is ENT_NOQUOTES where no quotes are encoded.
 *
 * @since 1.2.2
 * @since 5.5.0 `$quote_style` also accepts `ENT_XML1`.
 * @access private
 *
 * @param string       $text          The text which is to be encoded.
 * @param int|string   $quote_style   Optional. Converts double quotes if set to ENT_COMPAT,
 *                                    both single and double if set to ENT_QUOTES or none if set to ENT_NOQUOTES.
 *                                    Converts single and double quotes, as well as converting HTML
 *                                    named entities (that are not also XML named entities) to their
 *                                    code points if set to ENT_XML1. Also compatible with old values;
 *                                    converting single quotes if set to 'single',
 *                                    double if set to 'double' or both if otherwise set.
 *                                    Default is ENT_NOQUOTES.
 * @param false|string $charset       Optional. The character encoding of the string. Default false.
 * @param bool         $double_encode Optional. Whether to encode existing HTML entities. Default false.
 * @return string The encoded text with HTML entities.
 */
function _wp_specialchars( $text, $quote_style = ENT_NOQUOTES, $charset = false, $double_encode = false ) {
	$text = (string) $text;

	if ( 0 === strlen( $text ) ) {
		return '';
	}

	// Don't bother if there are no specialchars - saves some processing.
	if ( ! preg_match( '/[&<>"\']/', $text ) ) {
		return $text;
	}

	// Account for the previous behavior of the function when the $quote_style is not an accepted value.
	if ( empty( $quote_style ) ) {
		$quote_style = ENT_NOQUOTES;
	} elseif ( ENT_XML1 === $quote_style ) {
		$quote_style = ENT_QUOTES | ENT_XML1;
	} elseif ( ! in_array( $quote_style, array( ENT_NOQUOTES, ENT_COMPAT, ENT_QUOTES, 'single', 'double' ), true ) ) {
		$quote_style = ENT_QUOTES;
	}

	$charset = _canonical_charset( $charset ? $charset : get_option( 'blog_charset' ) );

	$_quote_style = $quote_style;

	if ( 'double' === $quote_style ) {
		$quote_style  = ENT_COMPAT;
		$_quote_style = ENT_COMPAT;
	} elseif ( 'single' === $quote_style ) {
		$quote_style = ENT_NOQUOTES;
	}

	if ( ! $double_encode ) {
		/*
		 * Guarantee every &entity; is valid, convert &garbage; into &garbage;
		 * This is required for PHP < 5.4.0 because ENT_HTML401 flag is unavailable.
		 */
		$text = wp_kses_normalize_entities( $text, ( $quote_style & ENT_XML1 ) ? 'xml' : 'html' );
	}

	$text = htmlspecialchars( $text, $quote_style, $charset, $double_encode );

	// Back-compat.
	if ( 'single' === $_quote_style ) {
		$text = str_replace( "'", ''', $text );
	}

	return $text;
}

/**
 * Converts a number of HTML entities into their special characters.
 *
 * Specifically deals with: `&`, `<`, `>`, `"`, and `'`.
 *
 * `$quote_style` can be set to ENT_COMPAT to decode `"` entities,
 * or ENT_QUOTES to do both `"` and `'`. Default is ENT_NOQUOTES where no quotes are decoded.
 *
 * @since 2.8.0
 *
 * @param string     $text        The text which is to be decoded.
 * @param string|int $quote_style Optional. Converts double quotes if set to ENT_COMPAT,
 *                                both single and double if set to ENT_QUOTES or
 *                                none if set to ENT_NOQUOTES.
 *                                Also compatible with old _wp_specialchars() values;
 *                                converting single quotes if set to 'single',
 *                                double if set to 'double' or both if otherwise set.
 *                                Default is ENT_NOQUOTES.
 * @return string The decoded text without HTML entities.
 */
function wp_specialchars_decode( $text, $quote_style = ENT_NOQUOTES ) {
	$text = (string) $text;

	if ( 0 === strlen( $text ) ) {
		return '';
	}

	// Don't bother if there are no entities - saves a lot of processing.
	if ( ! str_contains( $text, '&' ) ) {
		return $text;
	}

	// Match the previous behavior of _wp_specialchars() when the $quote_style is not an accepted value.
	if ( empty( $quote_style ) ) {
		$quote_style = ENT_NOQUOTES;
	} elseif ( ! in_array( $quote_style, array( 0, 2, 3, 'single', 'double' ), true ) ) {
		$quote_style = ENT_QUOTES;
	}

	// More complete than get_html_translation_table( HTML_SPECIALCHARS ).
	$single      = array(
		''' => '\'',
		''' => '\'',
	);
	$single_preg = array(
		'/�*39;/'   => ''',
		'/�*27;/i' => ''',
	);
	$double      = array(
		'"' => '"',
		'"' => '"',
		'"' => '"',
	);
	$double_preg = array(
		'/�*34;/'   => '"',
		'/�*22;/i' => '"',
	);
	$others      = array(
		'<'   => '<',
		'<' => '<',
		'>'   => '>',
		'>' => '>',
		'&'  => '&',
		'&' => '&',
		'&' => '&',
	);
	$others_preg = array(
		'/�*60;/'   => '<',
		'/�*62;/'   => '>',
		'/�*38;/'   => '&',
		'/�*26;/i' => '&',
	);

	if ( ENT_QUOTES === $quote_style ) {
		$translation      = array_merge( $single, $double, $others );
		$translation_preg = array_merge( $single_preg, $double_preg, $others_preg );
	} elseif ( ENT_COMPAT === $quote_style || 'double' === $quote_style ) {
		$translation      = array_merge( $double, $others );
		$translation_preg = array_merge( $double_preg, $others_preg );
	} elseif ( 'single' === $quote_style ) {
		$translation      = array_merge( $single, $others );
		$translation_preg = array_merge( $single_preg, $others_preg );
	} elseif ( ENT_NOQUOTES === $quote_style ) {
		$translation      = $others;
		$translation_preg = $others_preg;
	}

	// Remove zero padding on numeric entities.
	$text = preg_replace( array_keys( $translation_preg ), array_values( $translation_preg ), $text );

	// Replace characters according to translation table.
	return strtr( $text, $translation );
}

/**
 * Checks for invalid UTF8 in a string.
 *
 * Note! This function only performs its work if the `blog_charset` is set
 * to UTF-8. For all other values it returns the input text unchanged.
 *
 * Note! Unless requested, this returns an empty string if the input contains
 * any sequences of invalid UTF-8. To replace invalid byte sequences, pass
 * `true` as the optional `$strip` parameter.
 *
 * Consider using {@see wp_scrub_utf8()} instead which does not depend on
 * the value of `blog_charset`.
 *
 * Example:
 *
 *     // The `blog_charset` is `latin1`, so this returns the input unchanged.
 *     $every_possible_input === wp_check_invalid_utf8( $every_possible_input );
 *
 *     // Valid strings come through unchanged.
 *     'test' === wp_check_invalid_utf8( 'test' );
 *
 *     $invalid = "the byte \xC0 is never allowed in a UTF-8 string.";
 *
 *     // Invalid strings are rejected outright.
 *     '' === wp_check_invalid_utf8( $invalid );
 *
 *     // “Stripping” invalid sequences produces the replacement character instead.
 *     "the byte \u{FFFD} is never allowed in a UTF-8 string." === wp_check_invalid_utf8( $invalid, true );
 *     'the byte � is never allowed in a UTF-8 string.' === wp_check_invalid_utf8( $invalid, true );
 *
 * @since 2.8.0
 * @since 6.9.0 Stripping replaces invalid byte sequences with the Unicode replacement character U+FFFD (�).
 *
 * @param string $text   String which is expected to be encoded as UTF-8 unless `blog_charset` is another encoding.
 * @param bool   $strip  Optional. Whether to replace invalid sequences of bytes with the Unicode replacement
 *                       character (U+FFFD `�`). Default `false` returns an empty string for invalid UTF-8 inputs.
 * @return string The checked text.
 */
function wp_check_invalid_utf8( $text, $strip = false ) {
	$text = (string) $text;

	if ( 0 === strlen( $text ) ) {
		return '';
	}

	// Store the site charset as a static to avoid multiple calls to get_option().
	static $is_utf8 = null;
	if ( ! isset( $is_utf8 ) ) {
		$is_utf8 = is_utf8_charset();
	}

	if ( ! $is_utf8 || wp_is_valid_utf8( $text ) ) {
		return $text;
	}

	return $strip
		? wp_scrub_utf8( $text )
		: '';
}

/**
 * Encodes the Unicode values to be used in the URI.
 *
 * @since 1.5.0
 * @since 5.8.3 Added the `encode_ascii_characters` parameter.
 *
 * @param string $utf8_string             String to encode.
 * @param int    $length                  Max length of the string.
 * @param bool   $encode_ascii_characters Whether to encode ascii characters such as < " '
 * @return string String with Unicode encoded for URI.
 */
function utf8_uri_encode( $utf8_string, $length = 0, $encode_ascii_characters = false ) {
	$unicode        = '';
	$values         = array();
	$num_octets     = 1;
	$unicode_length = 0;

	mbstring_binary_safe_encoding();
	$string_length = strlen( $utf8_string );
	reset_mbstring_encoding();

	for ( $i = 0; $i < $string_length; $i++ ) {

		$value = ord( $utf8_string[ $i ] );

		if ( $value < 128 ) {
			$char                = chr( $value );
			$encoded_char        = $encode_ascii_characters ? rawurlencode( $char ) : $char;
			$encoded_char_length = strlen( $encoded_char );
			if ( $length && ( $unicode_length + $encoded_char_length ) > $length ) {
				break;
			}
			$unicode        .= $encoded_char;
			$unicode_length += $encoded_char_length;
		} else {
			if ( 0 === count( $values ) ) {
				if ( $value < 224 ) {
					$num_octets = 2;
				} elseif ( $value < 240 ) {
					$num_octets = 3;
				} else {
					$num_octets = 4;
				}
			}

			$values[] = $value;

			if ( $length && ( $unicode_length + ( $num_octets * 3 ) ) > $length ) {
				break;
			}
			if ( count( $values ) === $num_octets ) {
				for ( $j = 0; $j < $num_octets; $j++ ) {
					$unicode .= '%' . dechex( $values[ $j ] );
				}

				$unicode_length += $num_octets * 3;

				$values     = array();
				$num_octets = 1;
			}
		}
	}

	return $unicode;
}

/**
 * Converts all accent characters to ASCII characters.
 *
 * If there are no accent characters, then the string given is just returned.
 *
 * **Accent characters converted:**
 *
 * Currency signs:
 *
 * |   Code   | Glyph | Replacement |     Description     |
 * | -------- | ----- | ----------- | ------------------- |
 * | U+00A3   | £     | (empty)     | British Pound sign  |
 * | U+20AC   | €     | E           | Euro sign           |
 *
 * Decompositions for Latin-1 Supplement:
 *
 * |  Code   | Glyph | Replacement |               Description              |
 * | ------- | ----- | ----------- | -------------------------------------- |
 * | U+00AA  | ª     | a           | Feminine ordinal indicator             |
 * | U+00BA  | º     | o           | Masculine ordinal indicator            |
 * | U+00C0  | À     | A           | Latin capital letter A with grave      |
 * | U+00C1  | Á     | A           | Latin capital letter A with acute      |
 * | U+00C2  | Â     | A           | Latin capital letter A with circumflex |
 * | U+00C3  | Ã     | A           | Latin capital letter A with tilde      |
 * | U+00C4  | Ä     | A           | Latin capital letter A with diaeresis  |
 * | U+00C5  | Å     | A           | Latin capital letter A with ring above |
 * | U+00C6  | Æ     | AE          | Latin capital letter AE                |
 * | U+00C7  | Ç     | C           | Latin capital letter C with cedilla    |
 * | U+00C8  | È     | E           | Latin capital letter E with grave      |
 * | U+00C9  | É     | E           | Latin capital letter E with acute      |
 * | U+00CA  | Ê     | E           | Latin capital letter E with circumflex |
 * | U+00CB  | Ë     | E           | Latin capital letter E with diaeresis  |
 * | U+00CC  | Ì     | I           | Latin capital letter I with grave      |
 * | U+00CD  | Í     | I           | Latin capital letter I with acute      |
 * | U+00CE  | Î     | I           | Latin capital letter I with circumflex |
 * | U+00CF  | Ï     | I           | Latin capital letter I with diaeresis  |
 * | U+00D0  | Ð     | D           | Latin capital letter Eth               |
 * | U+00D1  | Ñ     | N           | Latin capital letter N with tilde      |
 * | U+00D2  | Ò     | O           | Latin capital letter O with grave      |
 * | U+00D3  | Ó     | O           | Latin capital letter O with acute      |
 * | U+00D4  | Ô     | O           | Latin capital letter O with circumflex |
 * | U+00D5  | Õ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with tilde      |
 * | U+00D6  | Ö     | O           | Latin capital letter O with diaeresis  |
 * | U+00D8  | Ø     | O           | Latin capital letter O with stroke     |
 * | U+00D9  | Ù     | U           | Latin capital letter U with grave      |
 * | U+00DA  | Ú     | U           | Latin capital letter U with acute      |
 * | U+00DB  | Û     | U           | Latin capital letter U with circumflex |
 * | U+00DC  | Ü     | U           | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis  |
 * | U+00DD  | Ý     | Y           | Latin capital letter Y with acute      |
 * | U+00DE  | Þ     | TH          | Latin capital letter Thorn             |
 * | U+00DF  | ß     | s           | Latin small letter sharp s             |
 * | U+00E0  | à     | a           | Latin small letter a with grave        |
 * | U+00E1  | á     | a           | Latin small letter a with acute        |
 * | U+00E2  | â     | a           | Latin small letter a with circumflex   |
 * | U+00E3  | ã     | a           | Latin small letter a with tilde        |
 * | U+00E4  | ä     | a           | Latin small letter a with diaeresis    |
 * | U+00E5  | å     | a           | Latin small letter a with ring above   |
 * | U+00E6  | æ     | ae          | Latin small letter ae                  |
 * | U+00E7  | ç     | c           | Latin small letter c with cedilla      |
 * | U+00E8  | è     | e           | Latin small letter e with grave        |
 * | U+00E9  | é     | e           | Latin small letter e with acute        |
 * | U+00EA  | ê     | e           | Latin small letter e with circumflex   |
 * | U+00EB  | ë     | e           | Latin small letter e with diaeresis    |
 * | U+00EC  | ì     | i           | Latin small letter i with grave        |
 * | U+00ED  | í     | i           | Latin small letter i with acute        |
 * | U+00EE  | î     | i           | Latin small letter i with circumflex   |
 * | U+00EF  | ï     | i           | Latin small letter i with diaeresis    |
 * | U+00F0  | ð     | d           | Latin small letter Eth                 |
 * | U+00F1  | ñ     | n           | Latin small letter n with tilde        |
 * | U+00F2  | ò     | o           | Latin small letter o with grave        |
 * | U+00F3  | ó     | o           | Latin small letter o with acute        |
 * | U+00F4  | ô     | o           | Latin small letter o with circumflex   |
 * | U+00F5  | õ     | o           | Latin small letter o with tilde        |
 * | U+00F6  | ö     | o           | Latin small letter o with diaeresis    |
 * | U+00F8  | ø     | o           | Latin small letter o with stroke       |
 * | U+00F9  | ù     | u           | Latin small letter u with grave        |
 * | U+00FA  | ú     | u           | Latin small letter u with acute        |
 * | U+00FB  | û     | u           | Latin small letter u with circumflex   |
 * | U+00FC  | ü     | u           | Latin small letter u with diaeresis    |
 * | U+00FD  | ý     | y           | Latin small letter y with acute        |
 * | U+00FE  | þ     | th          | Latin small letter Thorn               |
 * | U+00FF  | ÿ     | y           | Latin small letter y with diaeresis    |
 *
 * Decompositions for Latin Extended-A:
 *
 * |  Code   | Glyph | Replacement |                    Description                    |
 * | ------- | ----- | ----------- | ------------------------------------------------- |
 * | U+0100  | Ā     | A           | Latin capital letter A with macron                |
 * | U+0101  | ā     | a           | Latin small letter a with macron                  |
 * | U+0102  | Ă     | A           | Latin capital letter A with breve                 |
 * | U+0103  | ă     | a           | Latin small letter a with breve                   |
 * | U+0104  | Ą     | A           | Latin capital letter A with ogonek                |
 * | U+0105  | ą     | a           | Latin small letter a with ogonek                  |
 * | U+01006 | Ć     | C           | Latin capital letter C with acute                 |
 * | U+0107  | ć     | c           | Latin small letter c with acute                   |
 * | U+0108  | Ĉ     | C           | Latin capital letter C with circumflex            |
 * | U+0109  | ĉ     | c           | Latin small letter c with circumflex              |
 * | U+010A  | Ċ     | C           | Latin capital letter C with dot above             |
 * | U+010B  | ċ     | c           | Latin small letter c with dot above               |
 * | U+010C  | Č     | C           | Latin capital letter C with caron                 |
 * | U+010D  | č     | c           | Latin small letter c with caron                   |
 * | U+010E  | Ď     | D           | Latin capital letter D with caron                 |
 * | U+010F  | ď     | d           | Latin small letter d with caron                   |
 * | U+0110  | Đ     | D           | Latin capital letter D with stroke                |
 * | U+0111  | đ     | d           | Latin small letter d with stroke                  |
 * | U+0112  | Ē     | E           | Latin capital letter E with macron                |
 * | U+0113  | ē     | e           | Latin small letter e with macron                  |
 * | U+0114  | Ĕ     | E           | Latin capital letter E with breve                 |
 * | U+0115  | ĕ     | e           | Latin small letter e with breve                   |
 * | U+0116  | Ė     | E           | Latin capital letter E with dot above             |
 * | U+0117  | ė     | e           | Latin small letter e with dot above               |
 * | U+0118  | Ę     | E           | Latin capital letter E with ogonek                |
 * | U+0119  | ę     | e           | Latin small letter e with ogonek                  |
 * | U+011A  | Ě     | E           | Latin capital letter E with caron                 |
 * | U+011B  | ě     | e           | Latin small letter e with caron                   |
 * | U+011C  | Ĝ     | G           | Latin capital letter G with circumflex            |
 * | U+011D  | ĝ     | g           | Latin small letter g with circumflex              |
 * | U+011E  | Ğ     | G           | Latin capital letter G with breve                 |
 * | U+011F  | ğ     | g           | Latin small letter g with breve                   |
 * | U+0120  | Ġ     | G           | Latin capital letter G with dot above             |
 * | U+0121  | ġ     | g           | Latin small letter g with dot above               |
 * | U+0122  | Ģ     | G           | Latin capital letter G with cedilla               |
 * | U+0123  | ģ     | g           | Latin small letter g with cedilla                 |
 * | U+0124  | Ĥ     | H           | Latin capital letter H with circumflex            |
 * | U+0125  | ĥ     | h           | Latin small letter h with circumflex              |
 * | U+0126  | Ħ     | H           | Latin capital letter H with stroke                |
 * | U+0127  | ħ     | h           | Latin small letter h with stroke                  |
 * | U+0128  | Ĩ     | I           | Latin capital letter I with tilde                 |
 * | U+0129  | ĩ     | i           | Latin small letter i with tilde                   |
 * | U+012A  | Ī     | I           | Latin capital letter I with macron                |
 * | U+012B  | ī     | i           | Latin small letter i with macron                  |
 * | U+012C  | Ĭ     | I           | Latin capital letter I with breve                 |
 * | U+012D  | ĭ     | i           | Latin small letter i with breve                   |
 * | U+012E  | Į     | I           | Latin capital letter I with ogonek                |
 * | U+012F  | į     | i           | Latin small letter i with ogonek                  |
 * | U+0130  | İ     | I           | Latin capital letter I with dot above             |
 * | U+0131  | ı     | i           | Latin small letter dotless i                      |
 * | U+0132  | IJ     | IJ          | Latin capital ligature IJ                         |
 * | U+0133  | ij     | ij          | Latin small ligature ij                           |
 * | U+0134  | Ĵ     | J           | Latin capital letter J with circumflex            |
 * | U+0135  | ĵ     | j           | Latin small letter j with circumflex              |
 * | U+0136  | Ķ     | K           | Latin capital letter K with cedilla               |
 * | U+0137  | ķ     | k           | Latin small letter k with cedilla                 |
 * | U+0138  | ĸ     | k           | Latin small letter Kra                            |
 * | U+0139  | Ĺ     | L           | Latin capital letter L with acute                 |
 * | U+013A  | ĺ     | l           | Latin small letter l with acute                   |
 * | U+013B  | Ļ     | L           | Latin capital letter L with cedilla               |
 * | U+013C  | ļ     | l           | Latin small letter l with cedilla                 |
 * | U+013D  | Ľ     | L           | Latin capital letter L with caron                 |
 * | U+013E  | ľ     | l           | Latin small letter l with caron                   |
 * | U+013F  | Ŀ     | L           | Latin capital letter L with middle dot            |
 * | U+0140  | ŀ     | l           | Latin small letter l with middle dot              |
 * | U+0141  | Ł     | L           | Latin capital letter L with stroke                |
 * | U+0142  | ł     | l           | Latin small letter l with stroke                  |
 * | U+0143  | Ń     | N           | Latin capital letter N with acute                 |
 * | U+0144  | ń     | n           | Latin small letter N with acute                   |
 * | U+0145  | Ņ     | N           | Latin capital letter N with cedilla               |
 * | U+0146  | ņ     | n           | Latin small letter n with cedilla                 |
 * | U+0147  | Ň     | N           | Latin capital letter N with caron                 |
 * | U+0148  | ň     | n           | Latin small letter n with caron                   |
 * | U+0149  | ʼn     | n           | Latin small letter n preceded by apostrophe       |
 * | U+014A  | Ŋ     | N           | Latin capital letter Eng                          |
 * | U+014B  | ŋ     | n           | Latin small letter Eng                            |
 * | U+014C  | Ō     | O           | Latin capital letter O with macron                |
 * | U+014D  | ō     | o           | Latin small letter o with macron                  |
 * | U+014E  | Ŏ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with breve                 |
 * | U+014F  | ŏ     | o           | Latin small letter o with breve                   |
 * | U+0150  | Ő     | O           | Latin capital letter O with double acute          |
 * | U+0151  | ő     | o           | Latin small letter o with double acute            |
 * | U+0152  | Π    | OE          | Latin capital ligature OE                         |
 * | U+0153  | œ     | oe          | Latin small ligature oe                           |
 * | U+0154  | Ŕ     | R           | Latin capital letter R with acute                 |
 * | U+0155  | ŕ     | r           | Latin small letter r with acute                   |
 * | U+0156  | Ŗ     | R           | Latin capital letter R with cedilla               |
 * | U+0157  | ŗ     | r           | Latin small letter r with cedilla                 |
 * | U+0158  | Ř     | R           | Latin capital letter R with caron                 |
 * | U+0159  | ř     | r           | Latin small letter r with caron                   |
 * | U+015A  | Ś     | S           | Latin capital letter S with acute                 |
 * | U+015B  | ś     | s           | Latin small letter s with acute                   |
 * | U+015C  | Ŝ     | S           | Latin capital letter S with circumflex            |
 * | U+015D  | ŝ     | s           | Latin small letter s with circumflex              |
 * | U+015E  | Ş     | S           | Latin capital letter S with cedilla               |
 * | U+015F  | ş     | s           | Latin small letter s with cedilla                 |
 * | U+0160  | Š     | S           | Latin capital letter S with caron                 |
 * | U+0161  | š     | s           | Latin small letter s with caron                   |
 * | U+0162  | Ţ     | T           | Latin capital letter T with cedilla               |
 * | U+0163  | ţ     | t           | Latin small letter t with cedilla                 |
 * | U+0164  | Ť     | T           | Latin capital letter T with caron                 |
 * | U+0165  | ť     | t           | Latin small letter t with caron                   |
 * | U+0166  | Ŧ     | T           | Latin capital letter T with stroke                |
 * | U+0167  | ŧ     | t           | Latin small letter t with stroke                  |
 * | U+0168  | Ũ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with tilde                 |
 * | U+0169  | ũ     | u           | Latin small letter u with tilde                   |
 * | U+016A  | Ū     | U           | Latin capital letter U with macron                |
 * | U+016B  | ū     | u           | Latin small letter u with macron                  |
 * | U+016C  | Ŭ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with breve                 |
 * | U+016D  | ŭ     | u           | Latin small letter u with breve                   |
 * | U+016E  | Ů     | U           | Latin capital letter U with ring above            |
 * | U+016F  | ů     | u           | Latin small letter u with ring above              |
 * | U+0170  | Ű     | U           | Latin capital letter U with double acute          |
 * | U+0171  | ű     | u           | Latin small letter u with double acute            |
 * | U+0172  | Ų     | U           | Latin capital letter U with ogonek                |
 * | U+0173  | ų     | u           | Latin small letter u with ogonek                  |
 * | U+0174  | Ŵ     | W           | Latin capital letter W with circumflex            |
 * | U+0175  | ŵ     | w           | Latin small letter w with circumflex              |
 * | U+0176  | Ŷ     | Y           | Latin capital letter Y with circumflex            |
 * | U+0177  | ŷ     | y           | Latin small letter y with circumflex              |
 * | U+0178  | Ÿ     | Y           | Latin capital letter Y with diaeresis             |
 * | U+0179  | Ź     | Z           | Latin capital letter Z with acute                 |
 * | U+017A  | ź     | z           | Latin small letter z with acute                   |
 * | U+017B  | Ż     | Z           | Latin capital letter Z with dot above             |
 * | U+017C  | ż     | z           | Latin small letter z with dot above               |
 * | U+017D  | Ž     | Z           | Latin capital letter Z with caron                 |
 * | U+017E  | ž     | z           | Latin small letter z with caron                   |
 * | U+017F  | ſ     | s           | Latin small letter long s                         |
 * | U+01A0  | Ơ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with horn                  |
 * | U+01A1  | ơ     | o           | Latin small letter o with horn                    |
 * | U+01AF  | Ư     | U           | Latin capital letter U with horn                  |
 * | U+01B0  | ư     | u           | Latin small letter u with horn                    |
 * | U+01CD  | Ǎ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with caron                 |
 * | U+01CE  | ǎ     | a           | Latin small letter a with caron                   |
 * | U+01CF  | Ǐ     | I           | Latin capital letter I with caron                 |
 * | U+01D0  | ǐ     | i           | Latin small letter i with caron                   |
 * | U+01D1  | Ǒ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with caron                 |
 * | U+01D2  | ǒ     | o           | Latin small letter o with caron                   |
 * | U+01D3  | Ǔ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with caron                 |
 * | U+01D4  | ǔ     | u           | Latin small letter u with caron                   |
 * | U+01D5  | Ǖ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis and macron  |
 * | U+01D6  | ǖ     | u           | Latin small letter u with diaeresis and macron    |
 * | U+01D7  | Ǘ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis and acute   |
 * | U+01D8  | ǘ     | u           | Latin small letter u with diaeresis and acute     |
 * | U+01D9  | Ǚ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis and caron   |
 * | U+01DA  | ǚ     | u           | Latin small letter u with diaeresis and caron     |
 * | U+01DB  | Ǜ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis and grave   |
 * | U+01DC  | ǜ     | u           | Latin small letter u with diaeresis and grave     |
 *
 * Decompositions for Latin Extended-B:
 *
 * |   Code   | Glyph | Replacement |                Description                |
 * | -------- | ----- | ----------- | ----------------------------------------- |
 * | U+018F   | Ə     | E           | Latin capital letter Ə                    |
 * | U+0259   | ǝ     | e           | Latin small letter ǝ                      |
 * | U+0218   | Ș     | S           | Latin capital letter S with comma below   |
 * | U+0219   | ș     | s           | Latin small letter s with comma below     |
 * | U+021A   | Ț     | T           | Latin capital letter T with comma below   |
 * | U+021B   | ț     | t           | Latin small letter t with comma below     |
 *
 * Vowels with diacritic (Chinese, Hanyu Pinyin):
 *
 * |   Code   | Glyph | Replacement |                      Description                      |
 * | -------- | ----- | ----------- | ----------------------------------------------------- |
 * | U+0251   | ɑ     | a           | Latin small letter alpha                              |
 * | U+1EA0   | Ạ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with dot below                 |
 * | U+1EA1   | ạ     | a           | Latin small letter a with dot below                   |
 * | U+1EA2   | Ả     | A           | Latin capital letter A with hook above                |
 * | U+1EA3   | ả     | a           | Latin small letter a with hook above                  |
 * | U+1EA4   | Ấ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with circumflex and acute      |
 * | U+1EA5   | ấ     | a           | Latin small letter a with circumflex and acute        |
 * | U+1EA6   | Ầ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with circumflex and grave      |
 * | U+1EA7   | ầ     | a           | Latin small letter a with circumflex and grave        |
 * | U+1EA8   | Ẩ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with circumflex and hook above |
 * | U+1EA9   | ẩ     | a           | Latin small letter a with circumflex and hook above   |
 * | U+1EAA   | Ẫ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with circumflex and tilde      |
 * | U+1EAB   | ẫ     | a           | Latin small letter a with circumflex and tilde        |
 * | U+1EA6   | Ậ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with circumflex and dot below  |
 * | U+1EAD   | ậ     | a           | Latin small letter a with circumflex and dot below    |
 * | U+1EAE   | Ắ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with breve and acute           |
 * | U+1EAF   | ắ     | a           | Latin small letter a with breve and acute             |
 * | U+1EB0   | Ằ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with breve and grave           |
 * | U+1EB1   | ằ     | a           | Latin small letter a with breve and grave             |
 * | U+1EB2   | Ẳ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with breve and hook above      |
 * | U+1EB3   | ẳ     | a           | Latin small letter a with breve and hook above        |
 * | U+1EB4   | Ẵ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with breve and tilde           |
 * | U+1EB5   | ẵ     | a           | Latin small letter a with breve and tilde             |
 * | U+1EB6   | Ặ     | A           | Latin capital letter A with breve and dot below       |
 * | U+1EB7   | ặ     | a           | Latin small letter a with breve and dot below         |
 * | U+1EB8   | Ẹ     | E           | Latin capital letter E with dot below                 |
 * | U+1EB9   | ẹ     | e           | Latin small letter e with dot below                   |
 * | U+1EBA   | Ẻ     | E           | Latin capital letter E with hook above                |
 * | U+1EBB   | ẻ     | e           | Latin small letter e with hook above                  |
 * | U+1EBC   | Ẽ     | E           | Latin capital letter E with tilde                     |
 * | U+1EBD   | ẽ     | e           | Latin small letter e with tilde                       |
 * | U+1EBE   | Ế     | E           | Latin capital letter E with circumflex and acute      |
 * | U+1EBF   | ế     | e           | Latin small letter e with circumflex and acute        |
 * | U+1EC0   | Ề     | E           | Latin capital letter E with circumflex and grave      |
 * | U+1EC1   | ề     | e           | Latin small letter e with circumflex and grave        |
 * | U+1EC2   | Ể     | E           | Latin capital letter E with circumflex and hook above |
 * | U+1EC3   | ể     | e           | Latin small letter e with circumflex and hook above   |
 * | U+1EC4   | Ễ     | E           | Latin capital letter E with circumflex and tilde      |
 * | U+1EC5   | ễ     | e           | Latin small letter e with circumflex and tilde        |
 * | U+1EC6   | Ệ     | E           | Latin capital letter E with circumflex and dot below  |
 * | U+1EC7   | ệ     | e           | Latin small letter e with circumflex and dot below    |
 * | U+1EC8   | Ỉ     | I           | Latin capital letter I with hook above                |
 * | U+1EC9   | ỉ     | i           | Latin small letter i with hook above                  |
 * | U+1ECA   | Ị     | I           | Latin capital letter I with dot below                 |
 * | U+1ECB   | ị     | i           | Latin small letter i with dot below                   |
 * | U+1ECC   | Ọ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with dot below                 |
 * | U+1ECD   | ọ     | o           | Latin small letter o with dot below                   |
 * | U+1ECE   | Ỏ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with hook above                |
 * | U+1ECF   | ỏ     | o           | Latin small letter o with hook above                  |
 * | U+1ED0   | Ố     | O           | Latin capital letter O with circumflex and acute      |
 * | U+1ED1   | ố     | o           | Latin small letter o with circumflex and acute        |
 * | U+1ED2   | Ồ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with circumflex and grave      |
 * | U+1ED3   | ồ     | o           | Latin small letter o with circumflex and grave        |
 * | U+1ED4   | Ổ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with circumflex and hook above |
 * | U+1ED5   | ổ     | o           | Latin small letter o with circumflex and hook above   |
 * | U+1ED6   | Ỗ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with circumflex and tilde      |
 * | U+1ED7   | ỗ     | o           | Latin small letter o with circumflex and tilde        |
 * | U+1ED8   | Ộ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with circumflex and dot below  |
 * | U+1ED9   | ộ     | o           | Latin small letter o with circumflex and dot below    |
 * | U+1EDA   | Ớ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with horn and acute            |
 * | U+1EDB   | ớ     | o           | Latin small letter o with horn and acute              |
 * | U+1EDC   | Ờ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with horn and grave            |
 * | U+1EDD   | ờ     | o           | Latin small letter o with horn and grave              |
 * | U+1EDE   | Ở     | O           | Latin capital letter O with horn and hook above       |
 * | U+1EDF   | ở     | o           | Latin small letter o with horn and hook above         |
 * | U+1EE0   | Ỡ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with horn and tilde            |
 * | U+1EE1   | ỡ     | o           | Latin small letter o with horn and tilde              |
 * | U+1EE2   | Ợ     | O           | Latin capital letter O with horn and dot below        |
 * | U+1EE3   | ợ     | o           | Latin small letter o with horn and dot below          |
 * | U+1EE4   | Ụ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with dot below                 |
 * | U+1EE5   | ụ     | u           | Latin small letter u with dot below                   |
 * | U+1EE6   | Ủ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with hook above                |
 * | U+1EE7   | ủ     | u           | Latin small letter u with hook above                  |
 * | U+1EE8   | Ứ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with horn and acute            |
 * | U+1EE9   | ứ     | u           | Latin small letter u with horn and acute              |
 * | U+1EEA   | Ừ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with horn and grave            |
 * | U+1EEB   | ừ     | u           | Latin small letter u with horn and grave              |
 * | U+1EEC   | Ử     | U           | Latin capital letter U with horn and hook above       |
 * | U+1EED   | ử     | u           | Latin small letter u with horn and hook above         |
 * | U+1EEE   | Ữ     | U           | Latin capital letter U with horn and tilde            |
 * | U+1EEF   | ữ     | u           | Latin small letter u with horn and tilde              |
 * | U+1EF0   | Ự     | U           | Latin capital letter U with horn and dot below        |
 * | U+1EF1   | ự     | u           | Latin small letter u with horn and dot below          |
 * | U+1EF2   | Ỳ     | Y           | Latin capital letter Y with grave                     |
 * | U+1EF3   | ỳ     | y           | Latin small letter y with grave                       |
 * | U+1EF4   | Ỵ     | Y           | Latin capital letter Y with dot below                 |
 * | U+1EF5   | ỵ     | y           | Latin small letter y with dot below                   |
 * | U+1EF6   | Ỷ     | Y           | Latin capital letter Y with hook above                |
 * | U+1EF7   | ỷ     | y           | Latin small letter y with hook above                  |
 * | U+1EF8   | Ỹ     | Y           | Latin capital letter Y with tilde                     |
 * | U+1EF9   | ỹ     | y           | Latin small letter y with tilde                       |
 *
 * German (`de_DE`), German formal (`de_DE_formal`), German (Switzerland) formal (`de_CH`),
 * German (Switzerland) informal (`de_CH_informal`), and German (Austria) (`de_AT`) locales:
 *
 * |   Code   | Glyph | Replacement |               Description               |
 * | -------- | ----- | ----------- | --------------------------------------- |
 * | U+00C4   | Ä     | Ae          | Latin capital letter A with diaeresis   |
 * | U+00E4   | ä     | ae          | Latin small letter a with diaeresis     |
 * | U+00D6   | Ö     | Oe          | Latin capital letter O with diaeresis   |
 * | U+00F6   | ö     | oe          | Latin small letter o with diaeresis     |
 * | U+00DC   | Ü     | Ue          | Latin capital letter U with diaeresis   |
 * | U+00FC   | ü     | ue          | Latin small letter u with diaeresis     |
 * | U+1E9E   | ẞ     | SS          | Latin capital letter sharp s            |
 * | U+00DF   | ß     | ss          | Latin small letter sharp s              |
 *
 * Danish (`da_DK`) locale:
 *
 * |   Code   | Glyph | Replacement |               Description               |
 * | -------- | ----- | ----------- | --------------------------------------- |
 * | U+00C6   | Æ     | Ae          | Latin capital letter AE                 |
 * | U+00E6   | æ     | ae          | Latin small letter ae                   |
 * | U+00D8   | Ø     | Oe          | Latin capital letter O with stroke      |
 * | U+00F8   | ø     | oe          | Latin small letter o with stroke        |
 * | U+00C5   | Å     | Aa          | Latin capital letter A with ring above  |
 * | U+00E5   | å     | aa          | Latin small letter a with ring above    |
 *
 * Catalan (`ca`) locale:
 *
 * |   Code   | Glyph | Replacement |               Description               |
 * | -------- | ----- | ----------- | --------------------------------------- |
 * | U+00B7   | l·l   | ll          | Flown dot (between two Ls)              |
 *
 * Serbian (`sr_RS`) and Bosnian (`bs_BA`) locales:
 *
 * |   Code   | Glyph | Replacement |               Description               |
 * | -------- | ----- | ----------- | --------------------------------------- |
 * | U+0110   | Đ     | DJ          | Latin capital letter D with stroke      |
 * | U+0111   | đ     | dj          | Latin small letter d with stroke        |
 *
 * @since 1.2.1
 * @since 4.6.0 Added locale support for `de_CH`, `de_CH_informal`, and `ca`.
 * @since 4.7.0 Added locale support for `sr_RS`.
 * @since 4.8.0 Added locale support for `bs_BA`.
 * @since 5.7.0 Added locale support for `de_AT`.
 * @since 6.0.0 Added the `$locale` parameter.
 * @since 6.1.0 Added Unicode NFC encoding normalization support.
 * @since 7.0.0 Added capital Eszett (U+1E9E) support for German locales.
 *
 * @param string $text   Text that might have accent characters.
 * @param string $locale Optional. The locale to use for accent removal. Some character
 *                       replacements depend on the locale being used (e.g. 'de_DE').
 *                       Defaults to the current locale.
 * @return string Filtered string with replaced "nice" characters.
 */
function remove_accents( $text, $locale = '' ) {
	if ( ! preg_match( '/[\x80-\xff]/', $text ) ) {
		return $text;
	}

	if ( wp_is_valid_utf8( $text ) ) {

		/*
		 * Unicode sequence normalization from NFD (Normalization Form Decomposed)
		 * to NFC (Normalization Form [Pre]Composed), the encoding used in this function.
		 */
		if ( function_exists( 'normalizer_is_normalized' )
			&& function_exists( 'normalizer_normalize' )
		) {
			if ( ! normalizer_is_normalized( $text ) ) {
				$text = normalizer_normalize( $text );
			}
		}

		$chars = array(
			// Decompositions for Latin-1 Supplement.
			'ª' => 'a',
			'º' => 'o',
			'À' => 'A',
			'Á' => 'A',
			'Â' => 'A',
			'Ã' => 'A',
			'Ä' => 'A',
			'Å' => 'A',
			'Æ' => 'AE',
			'Ç' => 'C',
			'È' => 'E',
			'É' => 'E',
			'Ê' => 'E',
			'Ë' => 'E',
			'Ì' => 'I',
			'Í' => 'I',
			'Î' => 'I',
			'Ï' => 'I',
			'Ð' => 'D',
			'Ñ' => 'N',
			'Ò' => 'O',
			'Ó' => 'O',
			'Ô' => 'O',
			'Õ' => 'O',
			'Ö' => 'O',
			'Ù' => 'U',
			'Ú' => 'U',
			'Û' => 'U',
			'Ü' => 'U',
			'Ý' => 'Y',
			'Þ' => 'TH',
			'ß' => 's',
			'à' => 'a',
			'á' => 'a',
			'â' => 'a',
			'ã' => 'a',
			'ä' => 'a',
			'å' => 'a',
			'æ' => 'ae',
			'ç' => 'c',
			'è' => 'e',
			'é' => 'e',
			'ê' => 'e',
			'ë' => 'e',
			'ì' => 'i',
			'í' => 'i',
			'î' => 'i',
			'ï' => 'i',
			'ð' => 'd',
			'ñ' => 'n',
			'ò' => 'o',
			'ó' => 'o',
			'ô' => 'o',
			'õ' => 'o',
			'ö' => 'o',
			'ø' => 'o',
			'ù' => 'u',
			'ú' => 'u',
			'û' => 'u',
			'ü' => 'u',
			'ý' => 'y',
			'þ' => 'th',
			'ÿ' => 'y',
			'Ø' => 'O',
			// Decompositions for Latin Extended-A.
			'Ā' => 'A',
			'ā' => 'a',
			'Ă' => 'A',
			'ă' => 'a',
			'Ą' => 'A',
			'ą' => 'a',
			'Ć' => 'C',
			'ć' => 'c',
			'Ĉ' => 'C',
			'ĉ' => 'c',
			'Ċ' => 'C',
			'ċ' => 'c',
			'Č' => 'C',
			'č' => 'c',
			'Ď' => 'D',
			'ď' => 'd',
			'Đ' => 'D',
			'đ' => 'd',
			'Ē' => 'E',
			'ē' => 'e',
			'Ĕ' => 'E',
			'ĕ' => 'e',
			'Ė' => 'E',
			'ė' => 'e',
			'Ę' => 'E',
			'ę' => 'e',
			'Ě' => 'E',
			'ě' => 'e',
			'Ĝ' => 'G',
			'ĝ' => 'g',
			'Ğ' => 'G',
			'ğ' => 'g',
			'Ġ' => 'G',
			'ġ' => 'g',
			'Ģ' => 'G',
			'ģ' => 'g',
			'Ĥ' => 'H',
			'ĥ' => 'h',
			'Ħ' => 'H',
			'ħ' => 'h',
			'Ĩ' => 'I',
			'ĩ' => 'i',
			'Ī' => 'I',
			'ī' => 'i',
			'Ĭ' => 'I',
			'ĭ' => 'i',
			'Į' => 'I',
			'į' => 'i',
			'İ' => 'I',
			'ı' => 'i',
			'IJ' => 'IJ',
			'ij' => 'ij',
			'Ĵ' => 'J',
			'ĵ' => 'j',
			'Ķ' => 'K',
			'ķ' => 'k',
			'ĸ' => 'k',
			'Ĺ' => 'L',
			'ĺ' => 'l',
			'Ļ' => 'L',
			'ļ' => 'l',
			'Ľ' => 'L',
			'ľ' => 'l',
			'Ŀ' => 'L',
			'ŀ' => 'l',
			'Ł' => 'L',
			'ł' => 'l',
			'Ń' => 'N',
			'ń' => 'n',
			'Ņ' => 'N',
			'ņ' => 'n',
			'Ň' => 'N',
			'ň' => 'n',
			'ʼn' => 'n',
			'Ŋ' => 'N',
			'ŋ' => 'n',
			'Ō' => 'O',
			'ō' => 'o',
			'Ŏ' => 'O',
			'ŏ' => 'o',
			'Ő' => 'O',
			'ő' => 'o',
			'Œ' => 'OE',
			'œ' => 'oe',
			'Ŕ' => 'R',
			'ŕ' => 'r',
			'Ŗ' => 'R',
			'ŗ' => 'r',
			'Ř' => 'R',
			'ř' => 'r',
			'Ś' => 'S',
			'ś' => 's',
			'Ŝ' => 'S',
			'ŝ' => 's',
			'Ş' => 'S',
			'ş' => 's',
			'Š' => 'S',
			'š' => 's',
			'Ţ' => 'T',
			'ţ' => 't',
			'Ť' => 'T',
			'ť' => 't',
			'Ŧ' => 'T',
			'ŧ' => 't',
			'Ũ' => 'U',
			'ũ' => 'u',
			'Ū' => 'U',
			'ū' => 'u',
			'Ŭ' => 'U',
			'ŭ' => 'u',
			'Ů' => 'U',
			'ů' => 'u',
			'Ű' => 'U',
			'ű' => 'u',
			'Ų' => 'U',
			'ų' => 'u',
			'Ŵ' => 'W',
			'ŵ' => 'w',
			'Ŷ' => 'Y',
			'ŷ' => 'y',
			'Ÿ' => 'Y',
			'Ź' => 'Z',
			'ź' => 'z',
			'Ż' => 'Z',
			'ż' => 'z',
			'Ž' => 'Z',
			'ž' => 'z',
			'ſ' => 's',
			// Decompositions for Latin Extended-B.
			'Ə' => 'E',
			'ǝ' => 'e',
			'Ș' => 'S',
			'ș' => 's',
			'Ț' => 'T',
			'ț' => 't',
			// Euro sign.
			'€' => 'E',
			// GBP (Pound) sign.
			'£' => '',
			// Vowels with diacritic (Vietnamese). Unmarked.
			'Ơ' => 'O',
			'ơ' => 'o',
			'Ư' => 'U',
			'ư' => 'u',
			// Grave accent.
			'Ầ' => 'A',
			'ầ' => 'a',
			'Ằ' => 'A',
			'ằ' => 'a',
			'Ề' => 'E',
			'ề' => 'e',
			'Ồ' => 'O',
			'ồ' => 'o',
			'Ờ' => 'O',
			'ờ' => 'o',
			'Ừ' => 'U',
			'ừ' => 'u',
			'Ỳ' => 'Y',
			'ỳ' => 'y',
			// Hook.
			'Ả' => 'A',
			'ả' => 'a',
			'Ẩ' => 'A',
			'ẩ' => 'a',
			'Ẳ' => 'A',
			'ẳ' => 'a',
			'Ẻ' => 'E',
			'ẻ' => 'e',
			'Ể' => 'E',
			'ể' => 'e',
			'Ỉ' => 'I',
			'ỉ' => 'i',
			'Ỏ' => 'O',
			'ỏ' => 'o',
			'Ổ' => 'O',
			'ổ' => 'o',
			'Ở' => 'O',
			'ở' => 'o',
			'Ủ' => 'U',
			'ủ' => 'u',
			'Ử' => 'U',
			'ử' => 'u',
			'Ỷ' => 'Y',
			'ỷ' => 'y',
			// Tilde.
			'Ẫ' => 'A',
			'ẫ' => 'a',
			'Ẵ' => 'A',
			'ẵ' => 'a',
			'Ẽ' => 'E',
			'ẽ' => 'e',
			'Ễ' => 'E',
			'ễ' => 'e',
			'Ỗ' => 'O',
			'ỗ' => 'o',
			'Ỡ' => 'O',
			'ỡ' => 'o',
			'Ữ' => 'U',
			'ữ' => 'u',
			'Ỹ' => 'Y',
			'ỹ' => 'y',
			// Acute accent.
			'Ấ' => 'A',
			'ấ' => 'a',
			'Ắ' => 'A',
			'ắ' => 'a',
			'Ế' => 'E',
			'ế' => 'e',
			'Ố' => 'O',
			'ố' => 'o',
			'Ớ' => 'O',
			'ớ' => 'o',
			'Ứ' => 'U',
			'ứ' => 'u',
			// Dot below.
			'Ạ' => 'A',
			'ạ' => 'a',
			'Ậ' => 'A',
			'ậ' => 'a',
			'Ặ' => 'A',
			'ặ' => 'a',
			'Ẹ' => 'E',
			'ẹ' => 'e',
			'Ệ' => 'E',
			'ệ' => 'e',
			'Ị' => 'I',
			'ị' => 'i',
			'Ọ' => 'O',
			'ọ' => 'o',
			'Ộ' => 'O',
			'ộ' => 'o',
			'Ợ' => 'O',
			'ợ' => 'o',
			'Ụ' => 'U',
			'ụ' => 'u',
			'Ự' => 'U',
			'ự' => 'u',
			'Ỵ' => 'Y',
			'ỵ' => 'y',
			// Vowels with diacritic (Chinese, Hanyu Pinyin).
			'ɑ' => 'a',
			// Macron.
			'Ǖ' => 'U',
			'ǖ' => 'u',
			// Acute accent.
			'Ǘ' => 'U',
			'ǘ' => 'u',
			// Caron.
			'Ǎ' => 'A',
			'ǎ' => 'a',
			'Ǐ' => 'I',
			'ǐ' => 'i',
			'Ǒ' => 'O',
			'ǒ' => 'o',
			'Ǔ' => 'U',
			'ǔ' => 'u',
			'Ǚ' => 'U',
			'ǚ' => 'u',
			// Grave accent.
			'Ǜ' => 'U',
			'ǜ' => 'u',
		);

		// Used for locale-specific rules.
		if ( empty( $locale ) ) {
			$locale = get_locale();
		}

		/*
		 * German has various locales (de_DE, de_CH, de_AT, ...) with formal and informal variants.
		 * There is no 3-letter locale like 'def', so checking for 'de' instead of 'de_' is safe,
		 * since 'de' itself would be a valid locale too.
		 */
		if ( str_starts_with( $locale, 'de' ) ) {
			$chars['Ä'] = 'Ae';
			$chars['ä'] = 'ae';
			$chars['Ö'] = 'Oe';
			$chars['ö'] = 'oe';
			$chars['Ü'] = 'Ue';
			$chars['ü'] = 'ue';
			$chars['ẞ'] = 'SS';
			$chars['ß'] = 'ss';
		} elseif ( 'da_DK' === $locale ) {
			$chars['Æ'] = 'Ae';
			$chars['æ'] = 'ae';
			$chars['Ø'] = 'Oe';
			$chars['ø'] = 'oe';
			$chars['Å'] = 'Aa';
			$chars['å'] = 'aa';
		} elseif ( 'ca' === $locale ) {
			$chars['l·l'] = 'll';
		} elseif ( 'sr_RS' === $locale || 'bs_BA' === $locale ) {
			$chars['Đ'] = 'DJ';
			$chars['đ'] = 'dj';
		}

		$text = strtr( $text, $chars );
	} else {
		$chars = array();
		// Assume ISO-8859-1 if not UTF-8.
		$chars['in'] = "\x80\x83\x8a\x8e\x9a\x9e"
			. "\x9f\xa2\xa5\xb5\xc0\xc1\xc2"
			. "\xc3\xc4\xc5\xc7\xc8\xc9\xca"
			. "\xcb\xcc\xcd\xce\xcf\xd1\xd2"
			. "\xd3\xd4\xd5\xd6\xd8\xd9\xda"
			. "\xdb\xdc\xdd\xe0\xe1\xe2\xe3"
			. "\xe4\xe5\xe7\xe8\xe9\xea\xeb"
			. "\xec\xed\xee\xef\xf1\xf2\xf3"
			. "\xf4\xf5\xf6\xf8\xf9\xfa\xfb"
			. "\xfc\xfd\xff";

		$chars['out'] = 'EfSZszYcYuAAAAAACEEEEIIIINOOOOOOUUUUYaaaaaaceeeeiiiinoooooouuuuyy';

		$text                = strtr( $text, $chars['in'], $chars['out'] );
		$double_chars        = array();
		$double_chars['in']  = array( "\x8c", "\x9c", "\xc6", "\xd0", "\xde", "\xdf", "\xe6", "\xf0", "\xfe" );
		$double_chars['out'] = array( 'OE', 'oe', 'AE', 'DH', 'TH', 'ss', 'ae', 'dh', 'th' );
		$text                = str_replace( $double_chars['in'], $double_chars['out'], $text );
	}

	return $text;
}

/**
 * Sanitizes a filename, replacing whitespace with dashes.
 *
 * Removes special characters that are illegal in filenames on certain
 * operating systems and special characters requiring special escaping
 * to manipulate at the command line. Replaces spaces and consecutive
 * dashes with a single dash. Trims period, dash and underscore from beginning
 * and end of filename. It is not guaranteed that this function will return a
 * filename that is allowed to be uploaded.
 *
 * @since 2.1.0
 *
 * @param string $filename The filename to be sanitized.
 * @return string The sanitized filename.
 */
function sanitize_file_name( $filename ) {
	$filename_raw = $filename;
	$filename     = remove_accents( $filename );

	$special_chars = array( '?', '[', ']', '/', '\\', '=', '<', '>', ':', ';', ',', "'", '"', '&', '$', '#', '*', '(', ')', '|', '~', '`', '!', '{', '}', '%', '+', '’', '«', '»', '”', '“', chr( 0 ) );

	if ( ! wp_is_valid_utf8( $filename ) ) {
		$_ext     = pathinfo( $filename, PATHINFO_EXTENSION );
		$_name    = pathinfo( $filename, PATHINFO_FILENAME );
		$filename = sanitize_title_with_dashes( $_name ) . '.' . $_ext;
	}

	if ( _wp_can_use_pcre_u() ) {
		/**
		 * Replace all whitespace characters with a basic space (U+0020).
		 *
		 * The “Zs” in the pattern selects characters in the `Space_Separator`
		 * category, which is what Unicode considers space characters.
		 *
		 * @see https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr44/#General_Category_Values
		 * @see https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode16.0.0/core-spec/chapter-6/#G17548
		 * @see https://www.php.net/manual/en/regexp.reference.unicode.php
		 */
		$filename = preg_replace( '#\p{Zs}#siu', ' ', $filename );
	}

	/**
	 * Filters the list of characters to remove from a filename.
	 *
	 * @since 2.8.0
	 *
	 * @param string[] $special_chars Array of characters to remove.
	 * @param string   $filename_raw  The original filename to be sanitized.
	 */
	$special_chars = apply_filters( 'sanitize_file_name_chars', $special_chars, $filename_raw );

	$filename = str_replace( $special_chars, '', $filename );
	$filename = str_replace( array( '%20', '+' ), '-', $filename );
	$filename = preg_replace( '/\.{2,}/', '.', $filename );
	$filename = preg_replace( '/[\r\n\t -]+/', '-', $filename );
	$filename = trim( $filename, '.-_' );

	if ( ! str_contains( $filename, '.' ) ) {
		$mime_types = wp_get_mime_types();
		$filetype   = wp_check_filetype( 'test.' . $filename, $mime_types );
		if ( $filetype['ext'] === $filename ) {
			$filename = 'unnamed-file.' . $filetype['ext'];
		}
	}

	// Split the filename into a base and extension[s].
	$parts = explode( '.', $filename );

	// Return if only one extension.
	if ( count( $parts ) <= 2 ) {
		/** This filter is documented in wp-includes/formatting.php */
		return apply_filters( 'sanitize_file_name', $filename, $filename_raw );
	}

	// Process multiple extensions.
	$filename  = array_shift( $parts );
	$extension = array_pop( $parts );
	$mimes     = get_allowed_mime_types();

	/*
	 * Loop over any intermediate extensions. Postfix them with a trailing underscore
	 * if they are a 2 - 5 character long alpha string not in the allowed extension list.
	 */
	foreach ( (array) $parts as $part ) {
		$filename .= '.' . $part;

		if ( preg_match( '/^[a-zA-Z]{2,5}\d?$/', $part ) ) {
			$allowed = false;
			foreach ( $mimes as $ext_preg => $mime_match ) {
				$ext_preg = '!^(' . $ext_preg . ')$!i';
				if ( preg_match( $ext_preg, $part ) ) {
					$allowed = true;
					break;
				}
			}
			if ( ! $allowed ) {
				$filename .= '_';
			}
		}
	}

	$filename .= '.' . $extension;

	/**
	 * Filters a sanitized filename string.
	 *
	 * @since 2.8.0
	 *
	 * @param string $filename     Sanitized filename.
	 * @param string $filename_raw The filename prior to sanitization.
	 */
	return apply_filters( 'sanitize_file_name', $filename, $filename_raw );
}

/**
 * Sanitizes a username, stripping out unsafe characters.
 *
 * Removes tags, percent-encoded characters, HTML entities, and if strict is enabled,
 * will only keep alphanumeric, _, space, ., -, @. After sanitizing, it passes the username,
 * raw username (the username in the parameter), and the value of $strict as parameters
 * for the {@see 'sanitize_user'} filter.
 *
 * @since 2.0.0
 *
 * @param string $username The username to be sanitized.
 * @param bool   $strict   Optional. If set to true, limits $username to specific characters.
 *                         Default false.
 * @return string The sanitized username, after passing through filters.
 */
function sanitize_user( $username, $strict = false ) {
	$raw_username = $username;
	$username     = wp_strip_all_tags( $username );
	$username     = remove_accents( $username );
	// Remove percent-encoded characters.
	$username = preg_replace( '|%([a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9])|', '', $username );
	// Remove HTML entities.
	$username = preg_replace( '/&.+?;/', '', $username );

	// If strict, reduce to ASCII for max portability.
	if ( $strict ) {
		$username = preg_replace( '|[^a-z0-9 _.\-@]|i', '', $username );
	}

	$username = trim( $username );
	// Consolidate contiguous whitespace.
	$username = preg_replace( '|\s+|', ' ', $username );

	/**
	 * Filters a sanitized username string.
	 *
	 * @since 2.0.1
	 *
	 * @param string $username     Sanitized username.
	 * @param string $raw_username The username prior to sanitization.
	 * @param bool   $strict       Whether to limit the sanitization to specific characters.
	 */
	return apply_filters( 'sanitize_user', $username, $raw_username, $strict );
}

/**
 * Sanitizes a string key.
 *
 * Keys are used as internal identifiers. Lowercase alphanumeric characters,
 * dashes, and underscores are allowed.
 *
 * @since 3.0.0
 *
 * @param string $key String key.
 * @return string Sanitized key.
 * @phpstan-return lowercase-string
 */
function sanitize_key( $key ) {
	$sanitized_key = '';

	if ( is_scalar( $key ) ) {
		$sanitized_key = strtolower( $key );
		$sanitized_key = preg_replace( '/[^a-z0-9_\-]/', '', $sanitized_key );
	}

	/**
	 * Filters a sanitized key string.
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 *
	 * @param string $sanitized_key Sanitized key.
	 * @param string $key           The key prior to sanitization.
	 */
	return apply_filters( 'sanitize_key', $sanitized_key, $key );
}

/**
 * Sanitizes a string into a slug, which can be used in URLs or HTML attributes.
 *
 * By default, converts accent characters to ASCII characters and further
 * limits the output to alphanumeric characters, underscore (_) and dash (-)
 * through the {@see 'sanitize_title'} filter.
 *
 * If `$title` is empty and `$fallback_title` is set, the latter will be used.
 *
 * @since 1.0.0
 *
 * @param string $title          The string to be sanitized.
 * @param string $fallback_title Optional. A title to use if $title is empty. Default empty.
 * @param string $context        Optional. The operation for which the string is sanitized.
 *                               When set to 'save', the string runs through remove_accents().
 *                               Default 'save'.
 * @return string The sanitized string.
 */
function sanitize_title( $title, $fallback_title = '', $context = 'save' ) {
	$raw_title = $title;

	if ( 'save' === $context ) {
		$title = remove_accents( $title );
	}

	/**
	 * Filters a sanitized title string.
	 *
	 * @since 1.2.0
	 *
	 * @param string $title     Sanitized title.
	 * @param string $raw_title The title prior to sanitization.
	 * @param string $context   The context for which the title is being sanitized.
	 */
	$title = apply_filters( 'sanitize_title', $title, $raw_title, $context );

	if ( '' === $title || false === $title ) {
		$title = $fallback_title;
	}

	return $title;
}

/**
 * Sanitizes a title with the 'query' context.
 *
 * Used for querying the database for a value from URL.
 *
 * @since 3.1.0
 *
 * @param string $title The string to be sanitized.
 * @return string The sanitized string.
 */
function sanitize_title_for_query( $title ) {
	return sanitize_title( $title, '', 'query' );
}

/**
 * Sanitizes a title, replacing whitespace and a few other characters with dashes.
 *
 * Limits the output to alphanumeric characters, underscore (_) and dash (-).
 * Whitespace becomes a dash.
 *
 * @since 1.2.0
 *
 * @param string $title     The title to be sanitized.
 * @param string $raw_title Optional. Not used. Default empty.
 * @param string $context   Optional. The operation for which the string is sanitized.
 *                          When set to 'save', additional entities are converted to hyphens
 *                          or stripped entirely. Default 'display'.
 * @return string The sanitized title.
 */
function sanitize_title_with_dashes( $title, $raw_title = '', $context = 'display' ) {
	$title = strip_tags( $title );
	// Preserve escaped octets.
	$title = preg_replace( '|%([a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9])|', '---$1---', $title );
	// Remove percent signs that are not part of an octet.
	$title = str_replace( '%', '', $title );
	// Restore octets.
	$title = preg_replace( '|---([a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9])---|', '%$1', $title );

	if ( wp_is_valid_utf8( $title ) ) {
		if ( function_exists( 'mb_strtolower' ) ) {
			$title = mb_strtolower( $title, 'UTF-8' );
		}
		$title = utf8_uri_encode( $title, 200 );
	}

	$title = strtolower( $title );

	if ( 'save' === $context ) {
		// Convert  , non-breaking hyphen, &ndash, and &mdash to hyphens.
		$title = str_replace( array( '%c2%a0', '%e2%80%91', '%e2%80%93', '%e2%80%94' ), '-', $title );
		// Convert  , non-breaking hyphen, &ndash, and &mdash HTML entities to hyphens.
		$title = str_replace( array( ' ', '‑', ' ', '–', '–', '—', '—' ), '-', $title );
		// Convert forward slash to hyphen.
		$title = str_replace( '/', '-', $title );

		// Strip these characters entirely.
		$title = str_replace(
			array(
				// Soft hyphens.
				'%c2%ad',
				// ¡ and ¿.
				'%c2%a1',
				'%c2%bf',
				// Angle quotes.
				'%c2%ab',
				'%c2%bb',
				'%e2%80%b9',
				'%e2%80%ba',
				// Curly quotes.
				'%e2%80%98',
				'%e2%80%99',
				'%e2%80%9c',
				'%e2%80%9d',
				'%e2%80%9a',
				'%e2%80%9b',
				'%e2%80%9e',
				'%e2%80%9f',
				// Bullet.
				'%e2%80%a2',
				// ©, ®, °, &hellip, and &trade.
				'%c2%a9',
				'%c2%ae',
				'%c2%b0',
				'%e2%80%a6',
				'%e2%84%a2',
				// Acute accents.
				'%c2%b4',
				'%cb%8a',
				'%cc%81',
				'%cd%81',
				// Grave accent, macron, caron.
				'%cc%80',
				'%cc%84',
				'%cc%8c',
				// Non-visible characters that display without a width.
				'%e2%80%8b', // Zero width space.
				'%e2%80%8c', // Zero width non-joiner.
				'%e2%80%8d', // Zero width joiner.
				'%e2%80%8e', // Left-to-right mark.
				'%e2%80%8f', // Right-to-left mark.
				'%e2%80%aa', // Left-to-right embedding.
				'%e2%80%ab', // Right-to-left embedding.
				'%e2%80%ac', // Pop directional formatting.
				'%e2%80%ad', // Left-to-right override.
				'%e2%80%ae', // Right-to-left override.
				'%ef%bb%bf', // Byte order mark.
				'%ef%bf%bc', // Object replacement character.
			),
			'',
			$title
		);

		// Convert non-visible characters that display with a width to hyphen.
		$title = str_replace(
			array(
				'%e2%80%80', // En quad.
				'%e2%80%81', // Em quad.
				'%e2%80%82', // En space.
				'%e2%80%83', // Em space.
				'%e2%80%84', // Three-per-em space.
				'%e2%80%85', // Four-per-em space.
				'%e2%80%86', // Six-per-em space.
				'%e2%80%87', // Figure space.
				'%e2%80%88', // Punctuation space.
				'%e2%80%89', // Thin space.
				'%e2%80%8a', // Hair space.
				'%e2%80%a8', // Line separator.
				'%e2%80%a9', // Paragraph separator.
				'%e2%80%af', // Narrow no-break space.
			),
			'-',
			$title
		);

		// Convert × to 'x'.
		$title = str_replace( '%c3%97', 'x', $title );
	}

	// Remove HTML entities.
	$title = preg_replace( '/&.+?;/', '', $title );
	$title = str_replace( '.', '-', $title );

	$title = preg_replace( '/[^%a-z0-9 _-]/', '', $title );
	$title = preg_replace( '/\s+/', '-', $title );
	$title = preg_replace( '|-+|', '-', $title );
	$title = trim( $title, '-' );

	return $title;
}

/**
 * Ensures a string is a valid SQL 'order by' clause.
 *
 * Accepts one or more columns, with or without a sort order (ASC / DESC).
 * e.g. 'column_1', 'column_1, column_2', 'column_1 ASC, column_2 DESC' etc.
 *
 * Also accepts 'RAND()'.
 *
 * @since 2.5.1
 *
 * @param string $orderby Order by clause to be validated.
 * @return string|false Returns $orderby if valid, false otherwise.
 */
function sanitize_sql_orderby( $orderby ) {
	if ( preg_match( '/^\s*(([a-z0-9_]+|`[a-z0-9_]+`)(\s+(ASC|DESC))?\s*(,\s*(?=[a-z0-9_`])|$))+$/i', $orderby ) || preg_match( '/^\s*RAND\(\s*\)\s*$/i', $orderby ) ) {
		return $orderby;
	}
	return false;
}

/**
 * Sanitizes an HTML classname to ensure it only contains valid characters.
 *
 * Strips the string down to A-Z,a-z,0-9,_,-. If this results in an empty
 * string then it will return the alternative value supplied.
 *
 * @todo Expand to support the full range of CDATA that a class attribute can contain.
 *
 * @since 2.8.0
 *
 * @param string $classname The classname to be sanitized.
 * @param string $fallback  Optional. The value to return if the sanitization ends up as an empty string.
 *                          Default empty string.
 * @return string The sanitized value.
 */
function sanitize_html_class( $classname, $fallback = '' ) {
	// Strip out any percent-encoded characters.
	$sanitized = preg_replace( '|%[a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9]|', '', $classname );

	// Limit to A-Z, a-z, 0-9, '_', '-'.
	$sanitized = preg_replace( '/[^A-Za-z0-9_-]/', '', $sanitized );

	if ( '' === $sanitized && $fallback ) {
		return sanitize_html_class( $fallback );
	}
	/**
	 * Filters a sanitized HTML class string.
	 *
	 * @since 2.8.0
	 *
	 * @param string $sanitized The sanitized HTML class.
	 * @param string $classname HTML class before sanitization.
	 * @param string $fallback  The fallback string.
	 */
	return apply_filters( 'sanitize_html_class', $sanitized, $classname, $fallback );
}

/**
 * Strips out all characters not allowed in a locale name.
 *
 * @since 6.2.1
 *
 * @param string $locale_name The locale name to be sanitized.
 * @return string The sanitized value.
 */
function sanitize_locale_name( $locale_name ) {
	// Limit to A-Z, a-z, 0-9, '_', '-'.
	$sanitized = preg_replace( '/[^A-Za-z0-9_-]/', '', $locale_name );

	/**
	 * Filters a sanitized locale name string.
	 *
	 * @since 6.2.1
	 *
	 * @param string $sanitized   The sanitized locale name.
	 * @param string $locale_name The locale name before sanitization.
	 */
	return apply_filters( 'sanitize_locale_name', $sanitized, $locale_name );
}

/**
 * Converts lone & characters into `&` (a.k.a. `&`)
 *
 * @since 0.71
 *
 * @param string $content    String of characters to be converted.
 * @param string $deprecated Not used.
 * @return string Converted string.
 */
function convert_chars( $content, $deprecated = '' ) {
	if ( ! empty( $deprecated ) ) {
		_deprecated_argument( __FUNCTION__, '0.71' );
	}

	if ( str_contains( $content, '&' ) ) {
		$content = preg_replace( '/&([^#])(?![a-z1-4]{1,8};)/i', '&$1', $content );
	}

	return $content;
}

/**
 * Converts invalid Unicode references range to valid range.
 *
 * @since 4.3.0
 *
 * @param string $content String with entities that need converting.
 * @return string Converted string.
 */
function convert_invalid_entities( $content ) {
	$wp_htmltranswinuni = array(
		'€' => '€', // The Euro sign.
		'' => '',
		'‚' => '‚', // These are Windows CP1252 specific characters.
		'ƒ' => 'ƒ',  // They would look weird on non-Windows browsers.
		'„' => '„',
		'…' => '…',
		'†' => '†',
		'‡' => '‡',
		'ˆ' => 'ˆ',
		'‰' => '‰',
		'Š' => 'Š',
		'‹' => '‹',
		'Œ' => 'Œ',
		'' => '',
		'Ž' => 'Ž',
		'' => '',
		'' => '',
		'‘' => '‘',
		'’' => '’',
		'“' => '“',
		'”' => '”',
		'•' => '•',
		'–' => '–',
		'—' => '—',
		'˜' => '˜',
		'™' => '™',
		'š' => 'š',
		'›' => '›',
		'œ' => 'œ',
		'' => '',
		'ž' => 'ž',
		'Ÿ' => 'Ÿ',
	);

	if ( str_contains( $content, '' ) ) {
		$content = strtr( $content, $wp_htmltranswinuni );
	}

	return $content;
}

/**
 * Balances tags if forced to, or if the 'use_balanceTags' option is set to true.
 *
 * @since 0.71
 *
 * @param string $text  Text to be balanced.
 * @param bool   $force If true, forces balancing, ignoring the value of the option. Default false.
 * @return string Balanced text.
 */
function balanceTags( $text, $force = false ) {  // phpcs:ignore WordPress.NamingConventions.ValidFunctionName.FunctionNameInvalid
	if ( $force || 1 === (int) get_option( 'use_balanceTags' ) ) {
		return force_balance_tags( $text );
	} else {
		return $text;
	}
}

/**
 * Balances tags of string using a modified stack.
 *
 * {@internal Modified by Scott Reilly (coffee2code) 02 Aug 2004
 *      1.1  Fixed handling of append/stack pop order of end text
 *           Added Cleaning Hooks
 *      1.0  First Version}
 *
 * @since 2.0.4
 * @since 5.3.0 Improve accuracy and add support for custom element tags.
 *
 * @author Leonard Lin 
 * @license GPL
 * @copyright November 4, 2001
 * @version 1.1
 * @todo Make better - change loop condition to $text in 1.2
 *
 * @param string $text Text to be balanced.
 * @return string Balanced text.
 */
function force_balance_tags( $text ) {
	$tagstack  = array();
	$stacksize = 0;
	$tagqueue  = '';
	$newtext   = '';
	// Known single-entity/self-closing tags.
	$single_tags = array( 'area', 'base', 'basefont', 'br', 'col', 'command', 'embed', 'frame', 'hr', 'img', 'input', 'isindex', 'link', 'meta', 'param', 'source', 'track', 'wbr' );
	// Tags that can be immediately nested within themselves.
	$nestable_tags = array( 'article', 'aside', 'blockquote', 'details', 'div', 'figure', 'object', 'q', 'section', 'span' );

	// WP bug fix for comments - in case you REALLY meant to type '< !--'.
	$text = str_replace( '< !--', '<    !--', $text );
	// WP bug fix for LOVE <3 (and other situations with '<' before a number).
	$text = preg_replace( '#<([0-9]{1})#', '<$1', $text );

	/**
	 * Matches supported tags.
	 *
	 * To get the pattern as a string without the comments paste into a PHP
	 * REPL like `php -a`.
	 *
	 * @see https://html.spec.whatwg.org/#elements-2
	 * @see https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/custom-elements.html#valid-custom-element-name
	 *
	 * @example
	 * ~# php -a
	 * php > $s = [paste copied contents of expression below including parentheses];
	 * php > echo $s;
	 */
	$tag_pattern = (
		'#<' . // Start with an opening bracket.
		'(/?)' . // Group 1 - If it's a closing tag it'll have a leading slash.
		'(' . // Group 2 - Tag name.
			// Custom element tags have more lenient rules than HTML tag names.
			'(?:[a-z](?:[a-z0-9._]*)-(?:[a-z0-9._-]+)+)' .
				'|' .
			// Traditional tag rules approximate HTML tag names.
			'(?:[\w:]+)' .
		')' .
		'(?:' .
			// We either immediately close the tag with its '>' and have nothing here.
			'\s*' .
			'(/?)' . // Group 3 - "attributes" for empty tag.
				'|' .
			// Or we must start with space characters to separate the tag name from the attributes (or whitespace).
			'(\s+)' . // Group 4 - Pre-attribute whitespace.
			'([^>]*)' . // Group 5 - Attributes.
		')' .
		'>#' // End with a closing bracket.
	);

	while ( preg_match( $tag_pattern, $text, $regex ) ) {
		$full_match        = $regex[0];
		$has_leading_slash = ! empty( $regex[1] );
		$tag_name          = $regex[2];
		$tag               = strtolower( $tag_name );
		$is_single_tag     = in_array( $tag, $single_tags, true );
		$pre_attribute_ws  = $regex[4] ?? '';
		$attributes        = trim( $regex[5] ?? $regex[3] );
		$has_self_closer   = str_ends_with( $attributes, '/' );

		$newtext .= $tagqueue;

		$i = strpos( $text, $full_match );
		$l = strlen( $full_match );

		// Clear the shifter.
		$tagqueue = '';
		if ( $has_leading_slash ) { // End tag.
			// If too many closing tags.
			if ( $stacksize <= 0 ) {
				$tag = '';
				// Or close to be safe $tag = '/' . $tag.

				// If stacktop value = tag close value, then pop.
			} elseif ( $tagstack[ $stacksize - 1 ] === $tag ) { // Found closing tag.
				$tag = ''; // Close tag.
				array_pop( $tagstack );
				--$stacksize;
			} else { // Closing tag not at top, search for it.
				for ( $j = $stacksize - 1; $j >= 0; $j-- ) {
					if ( $tagstack[ $j ] === $tag ) {
						// Add tag to tagqueue.
						for ( $k = $stacksize - 1; $k >= $j; $k-- ) {
							$tagqueue .= '';
							--$stacksize;
						}
						break;
					}
				}
				$tag = '';
			}
		} else { // Begin tag.
			if ( $has_self_closer ) {
				/*
				 * If it presents itself as a self-closing tag, but it isn't a known single-entity self-closing tag,
				 * then don't let it be treated as such and immediately close it with a closing tag.
				 * The tag will encapsulate no text as a result.
				 */
				if ( ! $is_single_tag ) {
					$attributes = trim( substr( $attributes, 0, -1 ) ) . "> 0 && ! in_array( $tag, $nestable_tags, true ) && $tagstack[ $stacksize - 1 ] === $tag ) {
					$tagqueue = '';
					--$stacksize;
				}
				$stacksize = array_push( $tagstack, $tag );
			}

			// Attributes.
			if ( $has_self_closer && $is_single_tag ) {
				// We need some space - avoid 
     and prefer 
    .
				$pre_attribute_ws = ' ';
			}

			$tag = '<' . $tag . $pre_attribute_ws . $attributes . '>';
			// If already queuing a close tag, then put this tag on too.
			if ( ! empty( $tagqueue ) ) {
				$tagqueue .= $tag;
				$tag       = '';
			}
		}
		$newtext .= substr( $text, 0, $i ) . $tag;
		$text     = substr( $text, $i + $l );
	}

	// Clear tag queue.
	$newtext .= $tagqueue;

	// Add remaining text.
	$newtext .= $text;

	while ( $x = array_pop( $tagstack ) ) {
		$newtext .= ''; // Add remaining tags to close.
	}

	// WP fix for the bug with HTML comments.
	$newtext = str_replace( '< !--', '

    
		
		
    			
    
				
				
				
					
					
										
				

				
				
									
    
						
    
							
    
						
    
					
    
				
				
							
    
						
      
					
    • 
						
							
								Menu							
						
					
      • 
					
    • 
						
							
								Categories							
						
					
      • 
				
    
			
    • Accessories
      • 

    • Home
      • 

    • Shop
      • 

    • Contact Us
      • 

    • About Us
      • 

    
		
    			
    
				
    
					Shopping cart
					
    
						Close
					
    
				
    
				
    			
    
					
    
									
				
				
				
    
					
					
										
				
    

				
									
    
					
    Start typing to see products you are looking for.
    
				
									
    
						
    
							
    
						
    
					
    
				
				
							
    
		
		
    
					
    
			
				
				
					Shop				
			
		
    
				
    
			
				
									
				
					Wishlist				
			
		
    
				
    
			
				
							0 items
						
				
					Cart				
			
		
    
				
    
			
				
				
					My account